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英语学科讲义
学员编号： 年 级：九 课 时 数： 学员姓名: 辅导科目：英语 　 学科教师：
授课类型 语法专题 专题 定语从句
用适当的引导词填空 —Could you tell me ___where____ the cinema is —It’s between the park and the restaurant. —Do you know ____when______ Mr. Black will come back —Maybe next Monday. I’m not sure. —I wonder ____why____ Anna refused to come to my party. —Er, because her parents didn’t allow her to go out on school nights. I asked _____whether__________ he had been there or not. —I don’t know ___how_______ I can improve my spoken English. —You can try to speak as much as possible. —Tom, Lisa called and asked _____if____ you would go to the zoo with her. —Sure. You know, I like animals. He never told us _____who_____ he lived with. —Do you know ____who___ the man with glasses is —I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter. I wonder ___if______ he will come to my party tomorrow. It's so dark. I can't find out ____that__ it's a boy or a girl. 一、定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词引出。 如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. This is a dog which likes eating meat. Can you tell me the reason why he was late for school I remember these days when we were friends. 句子结构：先行词+关系词+从句（陈述语序） 二、关系词 引导定语从句的词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom（who的宾格）, whose（who的所有格）；关系副词有where, when, why。 三、关系词的作用 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 代替先行词； 3. 在定语从句中充当成分。 四、关系代词的用法 先行词关系代词例句指人who/that +从句 做主语（不可省） who/that /whom +从句 做宾语（可省）I have no idea about the man who/that wrote the article. Mr. Liu is the person (who/whom/that) you talked with. 指物which/that + 从句 做主语（不可省） which/that +从句 做宾语（可省）That was a fault which/that could not be forgiven. The house (which/that) I used to live in has become a shoe.指人/物whose + n. 作定语（不可省）He is the man whose car was stolen last night. I like the movie whose name is Kang fu.
【知识拓展】 1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词形式由先行词的单复数决定。 ① I prefer shoes that are cool. ② I like a cake that is really delicious. 只用that的情况: 两 代 限 形 有 重 序 ① 先行词既有人又有物时。 I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room. ② 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, no one, little, few, much, some, none等不定代词时。 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ③ 先行词被the same, the only, the very, the last, any等修饰时。 This is the same bike that I lost. ④ 主句是there be结构，修饰主句的定语从句用that。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 主句是以who或者which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复。 Who is a girl that is crying 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级所修饰时。 This is the most moving film that I have seen. This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略。 只用which的情况 ① 当关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时。 This is the house in which I live. ② 在非限制性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物时，只能用which。 The plane landed safely, which made us very happy. 先行词为that, those, 指物时，用which。 I don’t know that which is under the desk 只用whom的情况 先行词 (指人) +介词+ whom I like that person that/who/whom the teacher is talking to. = I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. 只用who的情况 先行词是those (指人)，one(s) (指人), 关系词用who Those who respect other they are usually respected by others. 补充: 1、非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了它不会影响主句的意思，与主句常用逗号隔开。 2、限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它往往主句意思不明确。 【巩固练习】用关系代词填空 1).The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. 2).The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister. 3).I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. 4).The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. 5). The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather. 6). Is there a student _________ father is a business man 7). This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years. 8).I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now. 9). My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember. 10). Say all ________ you know. 11). Is there anything ______ I can do for you 12). This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here. 13). This is the best novel _______ I have read. 14). Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree 15). Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday. 答案：1.who 2.that 3.who 4.which 5.whose 6.whose 7.which 8.that 9.that 10.that 11.that 12.that 13.that 14.that 15.what 五、关系副词的用法 关系副词：在句中作状语（不做主语或宾语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 先行词关系副词例句指时间when =during/on/in/... whichI will never forget the day when/on which we met each other.指地点where = in at/on/ ...whichIt’s the place where/in which/at which I was born.指原因why = for whichIs this the reason why/for which she was late for school 【知识拓展】关系副词的省略: （1）The time, every time, each time, the moment等后的关系副词when可省略。 By the time （when） he was fourteen years old, Einstein had learned advanced math all by himself. （2）在某些表示地点的名词后，关系副词where有时也可省略，如the place等。 This is the place （where）we met years ago. （3）先行词the reason后面的关系副词why可省略。 The reason （why）he did that is quite clear.
【区分】： This is the place where I had fun. This is the place that\which I visited. 一．单项选择题 1.—What are they talking about —They are talking about the greatest inventions ____ have made a big difference to our daily life. which B. who C. that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——他们在谈论什么？——他们正在谈论对我们日常生活产生重大影响的最伟大的发明。
考查定语从句关系词。which先行词指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或定语；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；that先行词指人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语。结合题干可知先行词“inventions”指物，且在从句中作主语，排除B；先行词前有形容词最高级“the greatest”修饰，关系词不能用which只能用that，排除A。故选C。 2. —Do you know Li Ziqi —Of course. She is a beautiful girl_____has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life. A. whose B. where C. which D. who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你知道李子柒吗？——当然知道，她是一个美丽的女孩，她制作了许多视频来展示中国传统的生活方式。考查定语从句。whose谁的；where哪里；which哪一个；who谁。句中girl是先行词，表示“人”，所以使用关系代词who引导定语从句，who has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life作girl的定语。故选D。 3. The book ________cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's. A. which B. whose C. that 【答案】B 【解析】句意：封面上有漂亮图画的那本书是莉莉的。本题考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，作主语，宾语或表语；whose引导定语从句，作定语；that引导定语从句，作主语，宾语或表语。此处修饰名词cover用whose。故选B。 4. The nurse _____________ is looking after the old man is Tom’s sister. A. which B. who C. what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：正在照顾那位老人的护士是汤姆的妹妹。考查定语从句关系词。which关系代词，先行词是物，且在从句中作主语、宾语；who关系代词，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。根据题干可知从句的先行词“The nurse”，指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选B。 5. In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A. whom B. which C. who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；which先行词为物；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语或宾语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人，所以排除B；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导，故选C。 6. Li Wenliang is a brave doctor ________ is known to millions of Chinese people. A. who B. which C. what D. when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：李文亮是一位勇敢的医生，被许多中国人所熟知。考查定语从句。A. who谁；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. when什么时候。根据句子结构，这是一个定语从句，先行词为doctor，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选A。 7.We’ ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A. who B. which C. whom 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们将永不忘记那些为我们的国家牺牲生命的人。考查定语从句。who指代人，在定语从句做主语或宾语；which指代物，在定语从句做主语或宾语；whom指代人，在定语从句做宾语。此处先行词是those指的是“那些人”，定语从句用关系代词who做主语。故选A。 8.Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：杜甫是一位伟大的中国诗人，他受到世界各地许多人的欢迎。考查定语从句。which哪一个；whom宾格，谁；who主格，谁。句中poet是先行词，表示“人”，所以此处使用who或whom引导定语从句，由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用who引导定语从句。故选C。 9.We all like comedies __________ make us relaxed. A. who B. that C. whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们都喜欢喜剧，喜剧让我们放松。考查定语从句。who指代人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；that指代人或物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；whom指代人，在定语从句中作宾语。先行词是comedies，是物，用关系代词that，that在定语从句做主语。故选B。 10.This is the CD_____________ I bought last year. A. who B. that C. whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是我去年买的CD。考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人；that关系代词，指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据句意和语境可知，本句的先行词the CD属于物，而且在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词that引导，故选B。 11.What our society is like is decided by everyone chooses to behave. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们的社会是什么样的是由每个人的行为选择决定的。考查连接副词。where哪里；when什么时间；how怎样、如何；why为什么。根据What our society is like我们的社会是什么样的，结合is decided by everyone chooses to behave.可知是由每个人选择怎样的行为所决定的，所以how符合题意，故答案选C。 12.Mary is my English teacher ________ not only teaches me knowledge but also how to be a good person. A．She B．which C．who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：玛丽是我的英语老师，她不仅教我知识，而且教我如何做一个好人。 考查定语从句。She她，人称代词主格，在句中作主语；which在定语从句中指物；who在定语从句中指人。本句空格前没有“句点”，故本句为一个完整的定语从句，主语为Mary，故此处将She排除。另本句的先行词English teacher指人，故应用who引导定语从句。故选C。 13.—We teenagers should look up to the people _____ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping. —I think so. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我们青少年应该尊敬像袁隆平这样为国家做出巨大成就的人。——我也这样认为。 考查定语从句。who在定语从句中指人，在句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；which在定语从句中指物，在句中作主语或宾语；whose在定语从句中指人或物，在句中作定语。根据语境可知，我们应该尊重像袁隆平这样的人，先行词people指人，且从句缺少主语，故应用who来引导定语从句。故选A。 14.I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A. who B. which C. what D. how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我将记住我生命中那些帮助和支持过我的重要的人们。考查关系代词。who先行词为人；which先行词为物；what不引导定语从句；how在从句中充当方式状语。此处引导定语从句修饰先行词people，是人，应该用who引导，故选A。 15.—Do you know the girl______ is giving the speech —Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道那个演讲的女孩么？——当然知道，她是我最好的朋友，梅梅。 考查定语从句。which指代物，在定语从句中主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中主语或宾语；who指代人，在定语从句中宾语；what什么。此处是定语从句，先行词是girl指的是人，定语从句用who，who在定语从句中做主语。故选B。 16.—Do you like the song Shao Nian —Yes. I like the songs ______ I can sing along with. A. that B. who C. what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你喜欢《少年》这首歌吗？——是的。我喜欢我能跟着唱的歌。考查定语从句引导词。根据句子结构可知，该空引导的是定语从句，修饰空前的名词the songs。that是关系代词，先行词可以是人，也可以是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who是关系代词，先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句修饰的名词指物，应用that引导。故选A。 17.Our teacher told us a funny story ________ made us laugh. A. when B. which C. who D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，我们都笑了。考查关系代词。when先行词为时间名词，在句中作状语；which先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom宾格，谁，指代人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据题干可知，这里考查定语从句的引导词，先行词story为物，在定语从句中做主语，所以使用关系代词which，故答案选B。 18.The house in ________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. A. which B. where C. that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：鲁迅故居如今是一座博物馆。考查定语从句。which在定语从句中的先行词为物；where在定语从句中的先行词为地点；that在定语从句中的先行词为人或物。根据句子结构可知，本句中的先行词The house 在后面的定语从句中作状语，本应用关系副词where引导从句。但在本题中，由于从句中live为不及物动词，不能直接加宾语，所以在关系代词之前加介词in构成了介宾结构，而介词in后只能用关系代词which，不能使用that。故选A。 二．翻译下列句子 1)、这就是救了那个孩子命的医生。___This is the doctor who saved the child's life.____________ 2)、正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔。___The man who is running is my uncle.________________ 3)、我喜欢乐于助人的孩子。_______I like children who are helpful.____________ 4)、住在隔壁的那个男的是一名教师。____The man who lives next door is a teacher._________________ 5)、会议室在讲话的那个人是一位工人。__The person who is speaking in the conference room is a worker._ 6)、我喜欢吃尝起来可口的食物。_____I like to eat food that tastes delicious.___ 7)、戴眼镜的那个女孩是我的朋友。___The girl who wears glasses is my friend._________ 8)、我们喜欢努力学习的学生。_____We like students who study hard.______ 9)、眼睛很大的那个小男孩是汤姆。______The little boy who has big eyes is Tom.___________ 10)、她是一个对每个人都很友好的老师。____She is a teacher who is very friendly to everyone._______ 11)、他考试通过了，这使他父母很高兴。____He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.____ 12)、被叫到名字的男孩们站起来。__The boys whose names were called stood up.____ 13)、这就是你要的那本书。______This is the book that you want._______ 14)、这就是我们以前住过的房子。______This is the house which we used to live in._____________ 15)、我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天。I still remember the day when I first came to this city. 【做题技巧】 找先行词： 人 物 关系代词: who/ whom(宾) that which whose（...的） 注意只用that，who，whom，which的特殊情况。 关系副词: when/ where/ why 作状语（先行词一般为：地点/时间/原因） 一． 单项选择题 1．You can’t wake up a person ________ is pretending to be asleep. A．who B．which C．whom 2．—Do you know Frank —Yes. He is the boy ________ likes playing the piano. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 3．Lily likes museums ________ can provide visitors with free Wi-Fi. A．that B．who C．what D．when 4．She is one of the best students ________ I’ve ever taught. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 5．Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 6．Tomorrow I’ll go to visit the man ______ gave us a lot of help during the trip. A．which B．who C．whose D．when 7．China is getting better at making hi-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world. A．which B．who C．what 8．Do you know the boy ______ is standing under the tree A．which B．who C．where 9．The book is about a true story ________ happened in my hometown. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．Most students like the teachers ________ understand them well. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 11．We all like the story about the teacher ________ happened in our school last week. A．which B．who C．whom D．what 12．Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 13．China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e IV to the far side of the moon. A．which B．that C．who D．where 14．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 15．My favourite comedy is Mr. Bean ________ was produced by Tiger Aspect, part of Endemol Shine UK. A．that B．who C．/ 16．—Have you ever seen the film The Wandering Earth —Yes, It’s the best one _______ I have ever seen. A．which B．what C．it D．that 17．—What are you doing, Jane —I’m looking for the first gift ______ my uncle gave me last week. A．whom B．who C．that D．what 18．—What kind of movies do you like —I like the movies ________ are about Chinese history. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 19．Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 20．This is the most beautiful picture ________ I have seen. A．that B．which C．whose D．what 1．A 【详解】句意：你叫不醒一个装睡的人。 考查定语从句。who先行词为人；which先行词为物；whom先行词为人，且引导词在定语从句中作宾语。根据“a person...is pretending to be asleep”，可知“...is pretending to be asleep”为定语从句，先行词是a person，引导词在从句中作主语，所以引导词应用who或that。故选A。 2．A 【详解】句意：——你认识Frank吗？——是。他是喜欢弹钢琴的男孩。 考查关系代词。who谁；which哪一个；whom谁，指代宾格；whose谁的。根据此空的先行词是“boy”，表示人，且此空在定语从句中作主语，故选A。 3．A 【详解】句意：莉莉喜欢可以为游客提供免费无线网络的博物馆。 考查定语从句。根据“Lily likes museums...can provide visitors with free Wi-Fi”可知，句子为定语从句，空格处为定语从句关系词，定从先行词为museums，从句缺主语，故应用关系代词that或which。故选A。 4．B 【详解】句意：她是我曾经教过的最好的学生之一。 考查定语从句。where哪里；that那个；who谁；whom谁，宾格。根据“She is one of the best students ... I’ve ever taught.”可知，此处考查定语从句的关系词，此处先行词是人，且用形容词最高级修饰，只能用that。故选B。 5．A 【详解】句意：西安是一座古老的城市，那里有很多名胜古迹，今年很受欢迎。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是物“an ancient city”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 6．B 【详解】句意：明天我将去拜访那个在旅行中给了我们很多帮助的人。 考查定语从句。根据“Tomorrow I’ll go to visit the man…gave us a lot of help during the trip.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是man，从句中缺主语，因此用who引导。故选B。 7．A 【详解】句意：中国在制造世界各地都能买到的高科技产品方面做得越来越好。 考查which引导的定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“hi-tech products”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 8．B 【详解】句意：你认识站在树下的那个男孩吗？ 考查定语从句的关系词。which引导定语从句，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指物；who引导定语从句，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词指人；where引导定语从句，在句中作状语，先行词指地点。本句中，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是the boy，指人，所以关系词用who，故选B。 9．A 【详解】句意：这本书讲的是发生在我家乡的一个真实故事。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空后部分为定语从句，修饰先行词“story”，为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故选A。 10．A 【详解】句意：大多数学生喜欢理解他们的老师。 考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人；whom引导定语从句，在句中作宾语，先行词是人； whose引导定语从句，在句中作定语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是“teachers”，且关系代词在句中作主语，因此关系代词用who。故选A。 11．A 【详解】句意：我们都喜欢上周发生在我们学校的关于这位老师的故事。 考查定语从句。根据“We all like the story about the teacher…happened in our school last week.”可知，此处为定语从句，空格处为定语从句引导词，先行词是the story，从句缺主语，故应用关系代词which。故选A。 12．C 【详解】句意：《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 13．B 【详解】句意：中国是第一个将嫦娥4号发射到月球背面的国家。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；where关系副词，where引导定语从句时其先行词一般是表示地点的名词。句子先行词是nation，在句中作主语，且先行词被序数词修饰，此处关系代词用that。故选B。 14．A 【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 15．A 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的喜剧《憨豆先生》由英国Endemol Shine旗下的Tiger Aspect公司制作。 考查定语从句。that先行词为人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语。此处是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词Mr. Bean，先行词是物，且在定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词用that。故选A。 16．D 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《流浪地球》吗？——是的，这是我见过的最好的一个。 考查定语从句。根据“It’s the best one…I have ever seen.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是the best one，从句中缺宾语，因此此处用that。故选D。 17．C 【详解】句意：——你在做什么，Jane？——我在寻找我叔叔上周给我的第一份礼物。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知空格后是定语从句，修饰先行词gift。先行词有序数词the first 修饰，且表示物应用that引导，that在从句中做宾语。故选C。 18．D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我喜欢讲中国历史的电影。 考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who先行词为人，在从句中作主语、宾语；whom先行词为人，在从句子作宾语；whose先行词为人，在从句中作定语；that先行词为人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语。根据“I like the movies...are about Chinese history.”可知，“movies”为定语从句的先行词，此处为事物，在从句中作主语，that“先行词为人或事物，在从句中作主语、宾语”符合语境。故选D。 19．A 【详解】句意：你认识现在正在上太空课的那位女士吗？ 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，woman是先行词，指人，关系词作从句的主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选A。 20．A 【详解】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的照片。 考查定语从句。that先行词指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose作定语修饰名词；what不可引导定语从句。先行词由最高级the most beautiful修饰，关系词用that，故选A。 用适当的关系词填空： I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.
2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.
3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.
4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.
6. This is the school ______I used to study.　
7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week
8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition
9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake
10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake
11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.
12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.
13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.
14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.
15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.
16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.
18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.
19. This is the way____he did it.
20. Who is the student _____was late for school today
21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him
22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like
23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south.
24. He lives in the room, the window_____faces to the south.
25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday.
26. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday.
27. This is the hour_____the place is always full of women and children.
28. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice.
29. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long.
30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend. 答案：1. when 2. when 3. which 4. that/which 5. that
6. where 7. that/which 8. where 9. which 10. where
11. where 12. which 13. when 14. that 15. that
16. that 17. (that) 18. which 19. (that/in which) 20.that
21.that 22 that 23.whose 24. of which 25. whose
26. whom 27. when 28. that 29. that 30. where 三．完成句子 1. 我们应该选择让我们感觉舒服的颜色。 We should choose the color which/that makes us feel comfortable . 我永远也不会忘记他昨天对我说的话。 I will never forget the words which/that he said to me yesterday. Sam总是给有困难的人提供帮助。 Sam always gives a hand to anyone who is in trouble . 上周参加歌唱比赛的那位歌手拿到了第一名。 The singer who/that took part in the singing competition last week won the first prize . 我喜欢诚实的人。 I like the people who/that are honest . 四．改写句子 1. Mary is a teacher. She is often smiling.(合为一句) Mary is a teacher who/that is often smiling. I love singers. Singers write their own songs. （合并为一个句子） I love singers who/that write their own songs. 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 They played the game. The game was difficult to understand. ____The game that/which they played was difficult to understand._____________________ 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 The houses were expensive. They were sold last week. _____The houses which/that were sold last week were expensive._______________________ 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 The woman is our English teacher. She is talking with some students. ___ The woman who/that is talking with some students is our English teacher._______________英语学科讲义
学员编号： 年 级：九 课 时 数： 学员姓名: 辅导科目：英语 　 学科教师：
授课类型 语法专题 专题 定语从句
用适当的引导词填空 —Could you tell me __________ the cinema is —It’s between the park and the restaurant. —Do you know __________ Mr. Black will come back —Maybe next Monday. I’m not sure. —I wonder ________ Anna refused to come to my party. —Er, because her parents didn’t allow her to go out on school nights. I asked _______________ he had been there or not. —I don’t know __________ I can improve my spoken English. —You can try to speak as much as possible. —Tom, Lisa called and asked _________ you would go to the zoo with her. —Sure. You know, I like animals. He never told us __________ he lived with. —Do you know _______ the man with glasses is —I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter. I wonder ___________ he will come to my party tomorrow. It's so dark. I can't find out ______ it's a boy or a girl. 一、定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词引出。 如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. This is a dog which likes eating meat. Can you tell me the reason why he was late for school I remember these days when we were friends. 句子结构：先行词+关系词+从句（陈述语序） 二、关系词 引导定语从句的词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词有that, which, who, whom（who的宾格）, whose（who的所有格）；关系副词有where, when, why。 三、关系词的作用 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 代替先行词； 3. 在定语从句中充当成分。 四、关系代词的用法 先行词关系代词例句指人who/that +从句 做主语（不可省） who/that /whom +从句 做宾语（可省）I have no idea about the man who/that wrote the article. Mr. Liu is the person (who/whom/that) you talked with. 指物which/that + 从句 做主语（不可省） which/that +从句 做宾语（可省）That was a fault which/that could not be forgiven. The house (which/that) I used to live in has become a shoe.指人/物whose + n. 作定语（不可省）He is the man whose car was stolen last night. I like the movie whose name is Kang fu.
【知识拓展】 1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词形式由先行词的单复数决定。 ① I prefer shoes that are cool. ② I like a cake that is really delicious. 只用that的情况: 两 代 限 形 有 重 序 ① 先行词既有人又有物时。 I can remember the people and some pictures that I saw in the room. ② 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, no one, little, few, much, some, none等不定代词时。 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ③ 先行词被the same, the only, the very, the last, any等修饰时。 This is the same bike that I lost. ④ 主句是there be结构，修饰主句的定语从句用that。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 主句是以who或者which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复。 Who is a girl that is crying 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级所修饰时。 This is the most moving film that I have seen. This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略。 只用which的情况 ① 当关系代词前有介词，先行词指物时。 This is the house in which I live. ② 在非限制性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物时，只能用which。 The plane landed safely, which made us very happy. 先行词为that, those, 指物时，用which。 I don’t know that which is under the desk 只用whom的情况 先行词 (指人) +介词+ whom I like that person that/who/whom the teacher is talking to. = I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. 只用who的情况 先行词是those (指人)，one(s) (指人), 关系词用who Those who respect other they are usually respected by others. 补充: 1、非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了它不会影响主句的意思，与主句常用逗号隔开。 2、限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它往往主句意思不明确。 【巩固练习】用关系代词填空 1).The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. 2).The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister. 3).I hate people ______________ talk much but do little. 4).The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful. 5). The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather. 6). Is there a student _________ father is a business man 7). This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years. 8).I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now. 9). My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember. 10). Say all ________ you know. 11). Is there anything ______ I can do for you 12). This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here. 13). This is the best novel _______ I have read. 14). Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree 15). Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday. 五、关系副词的用法 关系副词：在句中作状语（不做主语或宾语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 先行词关系副词例句指时间when =during/on/in/... whichI will never forget the day when/on which we met each other.指地点where = in at/on/ ...whichIt’s the place where/in which/at which I was born.指原因why = for whichIs this the reason why/for which she was late for school 【知识拓展】关系副词的省略: （1）The time, every time, each time, the moment等后的关系副词when可省略。 By the time （when） he was fourteen years old, Einstein had learned advanced math all by himself. （2）在某些表示地点的名词后，关系副词where有时也可省略，如the place等。 This is the place （where）we met years ago. （3）先行词the reason后面的关系副词why可省略。 The reason （why）he did that is quite clear.
【区分】： This is the place where I had fun. This is the place that\which I visited. 一．单项选择题 1.—What are they talking about —They are talking about the greatest inventions ____ have made a big difference to our daily life. A. which B. who C. that 2. —Do you know Li Ziqi —Of course. She is a beautiful girl_____has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life. A. whose B. where C. which D. who 3. The book ________cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's. A. which B. whose C. that 4. The nurse _____________ is looking after the old man is Tom’s sister. A. which B. who C. what 5. In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A. whom B. which C. who 6. Li Wenliang is a brave doctor ________ is known to millions of Chinese people. A. who B. which C. what D. when 7.We’ ll never forget those ________ lost their lives for our country. A. who B. which C. whom 8.Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 9.We all like comedies __________ make us relaxed. A. who B. that C. whom 10.This is the CD_____________ I bought last year. A. who B. that C. whom 11.What our society is like is decided by everyone chooses to behave. A. where B. when C. how D. why 12.Mary is my English teacher ________ not only teaches me knowledge but also how to be a good person. A．She B．which C．who 13.—We teenagers should look up to the people _____ have made great achievements to our country, like Yuan Longping. —I think so. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 14.I will remember the important people in my life ________ helped and supported me. A. who B. which C. what D. how 15.—Do you know the girl______ is giving the speech —Of course. She is my best friend, Meimei. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 16.—Do you like the song Shao Nian —Yes. I like the songs ______ I can sing along with. A. that B. who C. what 17.Our teacher told us a funny story ________ made us laugh. A. when B. which C. who D. whom 18.The house in ________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. A. which B. where C. that 二．翻译下列句子 1)、这就是救了那个孩子命的医生。_______________________________________________________ 2)、正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔。________________________________________________________ 3)、我喜欢乐于助人的孩子。____________________________________________________ 4)、住在隔壁的那个男的是一名教师。___________________________________________________ 5)、会议室在讲话的那个人是一位工人。___________________________________________________ 6)、我喜欢吃尝起来可口的食物。_______________________________________________ 7)、戴眼镜的那个女孩是我的朋友。_________________________________________________ 8)、我们喜欢努力学习的学生。_________________________________________________ 9)、眼睛很大的那个小男孩是汤姆。__________________________________________________ 10)、她是一个对每个人都很友好的老师。________________________________________________ 11)、他考试通过了，这使他父母很高兴。__________________________________________________ 12)、被叫到名字的男孩们站起来。__________________________________________________ 13)、这就是你要的那本书。__________________________________________________ 14)、这就是我们以前住过的房子。__________________________________________________ 15)、我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天。_____________________________________________ 【做题技巧】 找先行词： 人 物 关系代词: who/ whom(宾) that which whose（...的） 注意只用that，who，whom，which的特殊情况。 关系副词: when/ where/ why 作状语（先行词一般为：地点/时间/原因） 一． 单项选择题 1．You can’t wake up a person ________ is pretending to be asleep. A．who B．which C．whom 2．—Do you know Frank —Yes. He is the boy ________ likes playing the piano. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 3．Lily likes museums ________ can provide visitors with free Wi-Fi. A．that B．who C．what D．when 4．She is one of the best students ________ I’ve ever taught. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 5．Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 6．Tomorrow I’ll go to visit the man ______ gave us a lot of help during the trip. A．which B．who C．whose D．when 7．China is getting better at making hi-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world. A．which B．who C．what 8．Do you know the boy ______ is standing under the tree A．which B．who C．where 9．The book is about a true story ________ happened in my hometown. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 10．Most students like the teachers ________ understand them well. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 11．We all like the story about the teacher ________ happened in our school last week. A．which B．who C．whom D．what 12．Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 13．China is the first nation ________ sent Chang’e IV to the far side of the moon. A．which B．that C．who D．where 14．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 15．My favourite comedy is Mr. Bean ________ was produced by Tiger Aspect, part of Endemol Shine UK. A．that B．who C．/ 16．—Have you ever seen the film The Wandering Earth —Yes, It’s the best one _______ I have ever seen. A．which B．what C．it D．that 17．—What are you doing, Jane —I’m looking for the first gift ______ my uncle gave me last week. A．whom B．who C．that D．what 18．—What kind of movies do you like —I like the movies ________ are about Chinese history. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 19．Do you know the woman ________ is giving a lesson in space now A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 20．This is the most beautiful picture ________ I have seen. A．that B．which C．whose D．what 用适当的关系词填空： 1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.
2. I'll never forget the day________ we met each other last week.
3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there.
4. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family.
5. I'll never forget the last day______ we spent together.
6. This is the school ______I used to study.　
7. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week
8. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition
9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_____is famous for the West Lake
10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, ______lies the West Lake
11. Tom will go to Shanghai,______live his two brothers.
12. I live in Beijing,____is the capital of China.
13. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.
14. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.
15. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.
16. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
17. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized(认出)you.
18. This is the very novel about____we've talked so much.
19. This is the way____he did it.
20. Who is the student _____was late for school today
21. Who _____knows him wants to make friends with him
22. What else was there in my brother____you didn't like
23. He lives in the room____window faces to the south.
24. He lives in the room, the window_____faces to the south.
25. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday.
26. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday.
27. This is the hour_____the place is always full of women and children.
28. And there is one point ______I'd like your advice.
29. Winter is the time of year______the days are short and nights are long.
30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place____you may spend your weekend. 三．完成句子 1. 我们应该选择让我们感觉舒服的颜色。 We should choose . 我永远也不会忘记他昨天对我说的话。 I will never forget the words he to me yesterday. Sam总是给有困难的人提供帮助。 Sam always gives a hand to anyone . 上周参加歌唱比赛的那位歌手拿到了第一名。 The singer in the singing competition last week won the first prize . 我喜欢诚实的人。 I like the people . 四．改写句子 1. Mary is a teacher. She is often smiling.(合为一句) Mary is a teacher is often smiling. I love singers. Singers write their own songs. （合并为一个句子） I love singers their own songs. 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 They played the game. The game was difficult to understand. ____________________________________________________________ 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 The houses were expensive. They were sold last week. ____________________________________________________________ 把下列句子改写为含有定语从句的复合句。 The woman is our English teacher. She is talking with some students. ____________________________________________________________

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