Unit 1-8 语法重点、易错点及核心考点(含答案) 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

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Unit 1-8 语法重点、易错点及核心考点(含答案) 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

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课 题 8A Unit1-8语法重点、易错点及核心考点
教学目标 掌握8A Unit1 - 8语法重点,如形容词、副词比较级最高级等用法。
重难点透视 各类语法点的准确理解与运用,尤其是易混淆语法的区分。
知识点剖析
序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况
1 【概述】课程引入+上节课知识点回顾+错题讲解(结合上节课讲义) 35 min
2 Unit1-8语法重点、易错点及核心考点 50 min
3 重点语法强化练习与答疑 35 min
教 学 内 容
【概述】
Unit 1 Friendship 形容词的比较级最高级
Unit 2 School life 数量的比较和 as....as 的用法
Unit 3 To be a good learner 副词的比较级最高级和反身代词
Unit 4 Hands-on fun 祈使句和 should,had better
Unit 5 Wild animals 动词不定式作宾语,目的状语,宾语补足语
Unit 6 Seasons 动词及基本句型
Unit 7 The natural world 基本句型和并列连词
Unit 8 Safe and sound 过去进行时
Unit1 形容词比较级和最高级
一、语法重点
1. 基本用法:两者比较用比较级(表“更……”),三者及以上比较用最高级(表“最……”,常加定冠词the)。
2. 构成规则:
规则变化:
一般加-er/-est;
以e结尾加-r/-st;
“辅音+y”变y为i加-er/-est;
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-er/-est;
多音节词/部分双音节词加more/most。
不规则变化:
good/well→better→best;
bad/ill→worse→worst;
many/much→more→most;
little→less→least;
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;
old→older/elder→oldest/eldest。
3. 核心句型:
比较级:
比较级+than;
a little/much/even+比较级;
比较级+and+比较级;
the+比较级,the+比较级;
the+比较级+of the two。
最高级:the+最高级+in/of+范围;
one of the+最高级+名词复数;
the+序数词+最高级+名词单数+in+范围。
二、易错点
1. 比较级前误用very/so,需用a little/much/even修饰(错:very taller;对:much taller)。
2. 最高级前漏加the(错:She is most beautiful;对:She is the most beautiful),但物主代词后不加the(My best friend)。
3. 比较对象不一致(错:The weather in Shanghai is hotter than Beijing;对:The weather in Shanghai is hotter than that
in Beijing)。
4. 混淆older(表年龄/物品新旧)和elder(仅表人长幼,如elder sister)。
三、核心考点
1. 比较级和最高级的构成(尤其是不规则变化)。
2. 比较级、最高级相关句型辨析及应用。
3. 比较级前程度副词(much/a little/even)的使用。
4. 最高级与比较级的转换(如:Shanghai is the largest city in China. = Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.)。
Unit2 数量的比较与副词比较等级
一、语法重点
1. 数量比较:
两者比较:more+可数名词复数/不可数名词+than(“比……多”);
fewer+可数名词复数+than(“比……少”);less+不可数名词+than(“比……少”)。
三者及以上比较:the most+可数名词复数/不可数名词(“最多”);
the fewest+可数名词复数(“最少”);the least+不可数名词(“最少”)。
2. 副词比较等级用法:
比较级:A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B(than后动词可省略或用助动词代替)。
最高级:A+实义动词+(the)副词最高级+in/of/among...。
偏好表达:sb. likes A better than B;选择疑问:Which/Who do you like better, A or B
二、易错点
1. 混淆fewer和less(fewer接可数名词复数,less接不可数名词,错:less books;对:fewer books)。
2. 副词比较级构成错误(如fast→faster,而非more fast)。
3. 比较级句型中than后主语代词形式错误(错:He runs faster than me do;对:He runs faster than I (do))。
三、核心考点
1. more/fewer/less/the most/the fewest/the least的辨析与搭配。
2. 副词比较级和最高级的构成及句型应用。
3. 偏好表达和选择疑问句型的使用。
Unit3 as...as结构与反身代词
一、语法重点
(一)as...as结构
1. 基本用法:as+形容词/副词原级+as(“和……一样”);否定式not as/so+原级+as(“不如……”)。
2. 延伸用法:as many+可数名词复数+as;as much+不可数名词+as;倍数+as+原级+as。
3. 同义转换:A is not as tall as B = B is taller than A = A is shorter than B。
(二)反身代词
1. 形式:myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves。
2. 用法:作宾语(enjoy oneself/teach oneself)、表语、同位语(强调主语)。
3. 固定搭配:by oneself;help oneself to...;look after oneself;lose oneself in...等。
二、易错点
1. as...as中间误用比较级(错:as taller as;对:as tall as)。
2. 反身代词与人称代词混淆(错:He taught he English;对:He taught himself English)。
3. 反身代词单独作主语(错:Myself went to school;对:I myself went to school)。
4. 固定搭配漏用反身代词(错:enjoy the party;对:enjoy oneself at the party)。
三、核心考点
1. as...as结构的用法及否定式、同义转换。
2. 反身代词的形式、用法及固定搭配。
3. 反身代词在语境中的选择(根据人称、单复数)。
Unit4 祈使句与should/had better提建议
一、语法重点
(一)祈使句
1. 肯定式:Do型(动词原形+其他)、Be型(Be+adj./n.+其他)、Let型(Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)。
2. 否定式:Do/Be型加Don’t;Let型:Don’t let+宾语+动词原形 或 Let+宾语+not+动词原形;公共提示语:No+名词/V-ing。
3. 反义疑问句:普通祈使句+will you ;Let’s...+shall we ;Let us...+will you 。
(二)should/had better
1. should:表“应该”,后接动词原形;否定式shouldn’t;疑问式Should+主语+动词原形?
2. had better:表“最好”,后接动词原形,缩写’d better;否定式had better not;反义疑问句+hadn’t you 。
二、易错点
1. 祈使句开头用动词-ing形式(错:Opening the door;对:Open the door)。
2. had better后接to do(错:You’d better to go;对:You’d better go)。
3. Let型否定句结构错误(错:Let not him go;对:Let him not go)。
4. should与人称/数混淆(错:He shoulds study;对:He should study)。
三、核心考点
1. 祈使句的肯定式、否定式及反义疑问句。
2. should和had better的用法(否定式、疑问式、反义疑问句)。
3. 提建议句型的语境应用(如劝说、提醒、禁止)。
Unit5 情态动词may与动词不定式(to do)
一、语法重点
(一)情态动词may
1. 表可能性:肯定句中表“可能”,否定式may not(“可能不”),不可表禁止。
2. 表许可:May I... (“我可以……吗?”),肯定回答Yes, you may/can.,否定回答No, you can’t/may not/mustn’t.。
3. 辨析:must(肯定“一定”)、can(疑问/否定表可能性)、can’t(“不可能”)、mustn’t(“禁止”)。
(二)动词不定式
1. 接to do的动词:want/decide/hope/plan/remember/forget/agree/learn等。
2. 接doing的动词:enjoy/practice/finish/miss/mind/keep (on)等。
3. 接to do/doing意义不同的动词:stop/remember/forget/try/go on。
4. 否定式:not to do(接to do的动词);not doing(接doing的动词)。
二、易错点
1. may表“禁止”(错:You may not smoke here;对:You mustn’t smoke here)。
2. 接to do的动词后误接doing(错:want playing;对:want to play)。
3. 混淆remember/forget后to do(未做)和doing(已做)的意义。
4. try to do(努力做)与try doing(尝试做)用法混淆。
三、核心考点
1. may表可能性、许可的用法及与其他情态动词(must/can/can’t)的辨析。
2. 动词不定式的搭配(接to do/doing的动词)。
3. 接to do/doing意义不同的动词辨析及语境应用。
Unit6 动词不定式的句法功能
一、语法重点
(一)不定式作目的状语
1. 基本结构:to do;强调目的:in order to do/so as to do; 否定式:in order not to do/so as not to do。
2. 固定句型:It’s+adj.+for sb. to do sth.(adj.表事物性质);It’s+adj.+of sb. to do sth.(adj.表人的品质)。
(二)不定式作宾语补足语
1. 带to:tell/ask/want/order/invite/teach等+sb. to do sth.; 否定式:sb. not to do sth.。
2. 不带to:see/hear/watch/let/make/have等+sb. do sth.; 被动语态中加to。
3. help后可带to也可不带to。
二、易错点
1. 不定式作目的状语漏用to (错:He works hard get good grades;对:He works hard to get good grades)。
2. 混淆for sb.和of sb. (错:It’s kind for you to help me;对:It’s kind of you to help me)。
3. 不带to的宾补动词被动语态漏加to(错:He was made do it;对:He was made to do it)。
4. 误写help的用法 (错:help sb. doing;对:help sb. (to) do)。
三、核心考点
1. 不定式作目的状语的用法(基本结构、否定式、强调形式)。
2. It’s+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.的辨析与应用。
3. 不定式作宾语补足语(带to/不带to)的用法及被动语态转换。
Unit7 英语动词及五种基本句型
一、知识点--------动词分类与句型搭配:
不及物动词(Vi):无宾语,用于 “S+Vi”(The sun rises. / He runs.)
及物动词(Vt):
单宾语动词(S+Vt+O):know/like/finish(She likes music.)
双宾语动词(S+Vt+IO+DO):give/buy/tell(He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me.)
宾补动词(S+Vt+DO+OC):make/find/see(I find English easy. / We saw him playing.)
系动词(LinkV):be/look/sound/smell/taste/feel/get/become/turn,用于 “S+LinkV+P”
(The food tastes good. / He becomes tall.)
二、考点
动词(Vi/Vt/LinkV)的分类及对应的五种基本句型识别。
双宾语动词与宾补动词的辨析及句型转换(如 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.)。
三、易错点
系动词后误用副词(错:sound beautifully;对:sound beautiful)。
不及物动词后直接加宾语(错:The sun rises the east;对:The sun rises in the east)。
误判双宾语和宾补(错:He told me to go. 误判为双宾语;对:me 是宾语,to go 是宾补)。
一、语法重点---------五种基本句型
1. 基本句型一(S+Vi):主语+不及物动词(无宾语),如The sun rises.。
2. 基本句型二(S+Vt+O):主语+及物动词+宾语,如She likes music.。
3. 基本句型三(S+LinkV+P):主语+系动词+表语,系动词包括be动词、感官动词(look/sound/smell等)、
变化类动词(get/become/turn等),如The food tastes delicious.。
4. 基本句型四(S+Vt+IO+DO):主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,可转换为Vt+DO+to/for+IO,
如He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me.。
基本句型五(S+Vt+DO+OC):主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(名词/形容词/不定式/现在分词等),
如I find English easy.。
二、易错点
1. 系动词后误用副词作表语(错:The music sounds beautifully;对:The music sounds beautiful)。
2. 误判双宾语和宾补(如He told me to go.是“主+谓+宾+宾补”,而非双宾语)。
3. 不及物动词后直接加宾语(错:The sun rises the east;对:The sun rises in the east)。
4. 宾补句型遗漏宾补(错:I find it;对:I find it easy)。
三、核心考点
1. 五种基本句型的识别与判断。
2. 系动词的分类及用法。
3. 双宾语与宾补句型的辨析。
4. 句型结构与词性搭配(如及物动词需接宾语,系动词后接表语)。
Unit8 过去进行时
一、语法重点
1. 构成:was/were+动词现在分词(was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他人称及复数)。
2. 用法:
过去某一时刻正在进行的动作(常与at 8 p.m. yesterday等时间状语连用)。
过去某一阶段正在进行的动作(常与those days/last month等连用)。
过去两个同时进行的动作(用while连接)。
过去某动作发生时,另一动作正在进行(用when连接)。
3. 时间标志词:at that time, at 8 o’clock yesterday evening, this time last year, while, when(引导过去时间状语从句)。
二、易错点
1. 混淆过去进行时与一般过去时(特定时刻用过去进行时,错:He watched TV at 7 last night;
对:He was watching TV at 7 last night)。
2. 动词现在分词形式错误(错:was runing;对:was running;错:were sing;对:were singing)。
3. while和when误用(when后接短暂动作,while后接持续动作,错:While I came, he was eating;
对:When I came, he was eating)。
4. 主语为单数时用were(错:He were reading;对:He was reading)。
三、核心考点
1. 过去进行时的构成及时间标志词。
2. 过去进行时与一般过去时的辨析与语境应用。
3. while和when引导时间状语从句时的时态搭配。
4. 过去进行时表示同时进行的动作的用法。
单选题
1. —____ I use your dictionary —Sure. Here you are.
A. May B. Must C. Need D. Should
2. She is ____ than her sister.
A. more tall B. much taller C. tallest D. more taller
3. The teacher told us ____ in class.
A. not talk B. don't talk C. not to talk D. to not talk
4. He gave me ____.
A. a book B. books C. an book D. the book
5. I found him ____ the room.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleans
6. The story sounds ____.
A. well B. nicely C. interesting D. beautifully
7. When I arrived, she ____ the piano.
A. plays B. played C. is playing D. was playing
8. You'd better ____ home now.
A. to go B. going C. go D. gone
9. There are ____ students in Class One than in Class Two.
A. many B. more C. much D. most
10. He taught ____ French last year.
A. he B. his C. himself D. him
11. She is as ____ as her sister.
A. tall B. taller C. the tallest D. tallest
12. We should ____ to school on time.
A. goes B. going C. go D. to go
13. The box is ____ of the two.
A. heavier B. the heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest
14. He made me ____ the work.
A. to do B. do C. doing D. done
15. There are ____ books in his bag than in hers.
A. few B. fewer C. little D. less
16. He is ____ taller than his brother.
A. much B. very C. more D. quite
17. This book is ____ more interesting than that one.
A. not B. no C. never D. none
18. Which is ____, the blue one, the red one or the green one
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
19. He is ____ than any other student in his class.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
完成句子。
1. 他和他朋友一样高。He is ____ ____ ____ his friend.
2. 她在昨天这个时候正在看电视。She ____ ____ TV at this time yesterday.
3. 我们应该学会照顾自己。We should learn to ____ ____ ____.
4. 他比班里其他任何学生都聪明。He is ____ than ____ ____ student in his class.
5. 你最好不要在这里踢足球。You'd ____ ____ ____ football here.
改写句子。
He spent two hours doing his homework.(改为同义句)
→ It ____ ____ two hours ____ ____ his homework.
She seems to be happy.(改为同义句)
→ ____ seems that ____ ____ happy.
While I was reading, he was writing.(用when改写)
→ I was reading ____ he ____ writing.
This book is more interesting than that one.(用比较级表示最高级)
→ This book is ____ ____ of the two.
They were playing basketball from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ____ ____ ____ basketball from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon
核心单词填空(根据句意及提示补全单词)
1. We should ______ (保护) the environment to save wildlife.
2. The ______ (沙漠) is very dry because of little rain.
3. Many ______ (物种) are in danger of dying out.
4. Wetlands can ______ (贮存) water like giant sponges.
5. Forests help ______ (吸收) harmful gases and produce oxygen.
6. The ______ (海洋) covers around 71% of the earth’s surface.
7. It’s our duty to protect the ______ (自然) world.
8. Coral ______ (礁) are home to many sea animals.
9. Pollution can ______ (伤害) both people and animals.
10. The ______ (生态系统) includes living and non-living things.
核心短语填空(用方框内短语的适当形式补全句子)
(方框短语:cut down, in danger, prevent...from..., take action, be made up of, depend on, clean up, die out,
be covered with, throw away)
1. Many forests ______ every year, which destroys animals’ homes.
2. Some endangered animals will ______ unless we protect them.
3. We must ______ now to stop environmental pollution.
4. Trees can ______ us ______ harmful sunlight and noise.
5. The earth ______ 71% water and 29% land.
6. Animals ______ plants and other animals for food.
7. Volunteers are trying to ______ the polluted river.
8. Polar bears are ______ because of global warming.
9. Don’t ______ plastic bags; we can reuse them.
10. The mountain ______ green trees in spring.
核心句式填空(根据汉语提示补全句子)
1. ______ (善待地球就是善待自己) is to treat oneself kindly.
2. Rain-forests ______ (是……的家园) over half of all the types of animals and plants on earth.
3. ______ (保护环境是我们的责任) to protect the environment.
4. ______ (除非我们现在采取行动), more animals will lose their homes.
5. The desert’s climate ______ (如此糟糕以至于) only a few creatures can live there.
6. ______ (如果我们减少垃圾产生), we can make the earth cleaner.
7. Ecosystems ______ (可以有不同的规模), from small ponds to large grasslands.
8. Everyone ______ (可以发挥作用) in saving the natural world.
答案
一)1~5: A B C A C 6~10: C D C B C 11~15: A C B B B 16~19: A B D B
二)1. as tall as 2. was watching 3. look after ourselves 4. cleverer; any other 5. better not play
三)1. took him; to do 2. It; she is 3. when; was 4. the more interesting 5. Were they playing
四)核心单词答案
1. protect 2. desert 3. species 4. store 5. trap 6. ocean 7. natural 8. reefs 9. harm 10. ecosystem
五)核心短语答案
1. are cut down 2. die out 3. take action 4. prevent; from 5. is made up of 6. depend on 7. clean up
8. in danger 9. throw away 10. is covered with
六)核心句式答案
1. To treat the earth kindly 2. are home to 3. It’s our duty 4. Unless we take action now 5. is so awful that
6. If we reduce the amount of waste we produce 7. can be of different sizes 8. can play a part

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