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湖南省常德市2025—2026学年九年级英语上册期末考试模拟题
【考试范围：全册】
（总分100分 时间90分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、听力选择（满分20分）
1．What are the girl’s favorite cakes made of
A．Fruit. B．Corn. C．Rice.
2．Whose English book is it
A．Mike’s. B．Amy’s. C．Betty’s.
3．What invention are they talking about
A．The computer. B．The TV. C．The smartphone.
4．Where is the man going
A．To the park. B．To the bookstore. C．To the police station.
5．Which festival are the two speakers talking about
A．Mid-Autumn Festival.
B．Dragon Boat Festival.
C．Lantern Festival.
听下面一段录音，回答各小题。
6．Where is Lucy from
A．The UK. B．Australia. C．The US.
7．What should Daming do to welcome Lucy
A．Kiss. B．Shake hands. C．Touch noses.
听下面一段录音，回答各小题。
8．What’s the date tomorrow
A．May 7. B．May 8. C．May 18.
9．Where are the two speakers going after school
A．To the school. B．To the park. C．To the store.
听下面一段录音，回答各小题。
10．Where does the woman want to go
A．A hospital. B．A park. C．A shop.
11．How does the woman get to the bus stop
A．Go straight and turn left at the second crossing.
B．Go straight and turn left at the third crossing.
C．Go straight and turn right at the first crossing.
听下面一段录音，回答各小题。
12．How does the boy learn English
A．By reading books and listening to tapes.
B．By listening to tapes and watching English videos.
C．By going to the English Corner and watching English videos.
13．How often does the girl go to the English Corner
A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Three times a week.
14．Who does Lily often go with to the English Corner
A．Lisa. B．Jack. C．Lucy.
听下面一段录音，回答各小题。
15．How long haven’t they met
A．For five months. B．For five years. C．For fifteen years.
16．What was Phil like in the past
A．He was short and shy.
B．He was strong and shy.
C．He was strong and outgoing.
17．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers
A．Mother and son. B．Boss and clerk. C．Teacher and student.
听材料，回答下列小题。
18．Who made Anne upset in the talk
A．Her teacher. B．Her father. C．The old man.
19．Why did Anne think the teacher unfair
A．Because it wasn’t all her fault.
B．Because she didn’t arrive late at all.
C．Because she was late for only 5 minutes.
20．What will Anne probably do next
A．Call that old man up. B．No longer talk to her teacher. C．Call the teacher up.
二、阅读理解（满分30分）
A
Avoid Giving Certain Flowers in Russia Be careful when giving flowers to your friend or a business partner in Russia. Yellow flowers mean a trick or a relationship break-up. No red carnations (康乃馨), too. Traditionally, red carnations have something to do with death.
Don’t Show Up on Time in Venezuela In Venezuela, if you are invited over to someone’s home for a meal, it’s suggested that you arrive 10 to 15 minutes later than the planned time. Being early or on time is viewed as being rude there.
Always Use a Knife and Fork in Norway In Norway, table manners are extremely important. Most meals, including sandwiches, are eaten with knives and forks. There is one exception: pizza.
21．What color of flowers CAN’T be given at weddings in Russia
A．Blue. B．Yellow. C．White.
22．If your friend invites you to her home at 5:00 p.m. in Venezuela, what is a good time to arrive
A．4:10 p.m. B．4:45 p.m. C．5:12 p.m.
23．According to the text, which country values table manners the most
A．Norway. B．Venezuela. C．Russia.
B
Do you have any online classes It is possible to take classes at home. All you need is a computer and a headset.
However, most students don’t seem to like online classes. Recently, over 1,500 students from 10 cities took a survey. According to the survey, only 33 percent of the students would take such classes. Many students said it was hard to put their hearts into studying while taking online classes. This was true for Lian Ruohan, 15, at the Affiliated High School of Peking University. “There are no classmates, no real teachers watching me. I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to. It’s harder to always stay focused,” she said.
Lian prepares a lot before taking her classes to make sure she will pay attention. She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers. Students can come up with or answer questions while taking online classes.
But Wen Jiayi, 14, at Chengdu No 7 High School, thinks online interaction (互动) isn’t enough. “The online teachers don’t really get to know me. When I don’t hand in homework, all I get is a short message instead of real concern (关注),” she said.
However, online classes still have other advantages (优点). “It saves time and money compared to taking offline classes. Also, if I don’t understand some parts of a lesson, I can watch it over again,” Lian said.
24．How many students would take online classes according to the survey
A．About 400. B．About 500. C．About 600.
25．The underlined word “focused” means________in Chinese.
A．困倦的 B．安全的 C．专注的
26．Which of the following is Lian Ruohan’s opinion on online classes
A．There are both advantages and disadvantages.
B．She can learn more through online classes.
C．Online classes cost more.
27．What’s Wen Jiayi’s problem in taking online classes
A．She can’t follow the teachers.
B．The teachers online care her less.
C．The teachers can’t answer her problems.
C
China is famous for its food culture. There are many stories waiting for us to find out about.
Hotpot
Chinese people had hotpot as early as the Shang Dynasty (16th century—11th century BC). At that time, people boiled foods in bronze pots. The pot had two parts—one was the pot to cook food in soup, and the other part was to hold firewood. People in the Han Dynasty (206BC—AD 220) divided pots into several parts to enjoy different flavors.
Yuan Mei was a poet and foodie in the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). He mentioned huoguo, the Chinese name for hotpot, in a book about all kinds of food. At that time, hotpot was very popular. People put all kinds of meat and vegetables into the hotpot. It’s said that Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty loved hotpot. He had it for almost every meal. He once held a big hotpot feast and invited more than 5,000 people to enjoy 1,550 hotpots!
Dongpo pork
Su Dongpo (Su Shi) was a poet who lived during the Song Dynasty (960—1279). He was the first to make this dish. When he was a local official in Huangzhou, Hubei, he fell in love with cooking pork. In his article Ode to Pork, Su described exactly how to cook it.
According to folk stories, the dish became well-known when Su went to Hangzhou, Zhejiang, to take office. One day, there was a terrible flood (水灾)and Su went out to help people. He worked very hard and everyone praised him. They heard that he loved eating pork, so they gave him a lot of it. But Su wanted to give it back. He cooked the pork in his own special way. Then he gave the dish to every family in the city and every worker on the street. Very soon the dish became famous in Hangzhou and got the name “Dongpo pork”
Chopsticks
For Chinese people, chopsticks are not just simple tools to pick up food. They come with their own special rules and traditions.
Generally, people should not make noise with chopsticks. Playing with chopsticks is seen as bad manners, just as playing with forks and knives in a Western country would be rude. Also, some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck. You should not tap chopsticks on the edge of the bowl either, as beggars do this to ask for food. Parents might get angry if children do this as they don’t want their children to be as poor as beggars in the future.
28．In which dynasty was hotpot first described as “huoguo”
A．Han Dynasty. B．Shang Dynasty. C．Qing Dynasty.
29．When did “Dongpo Pork” become famous
A．When Su’s article Ode to Pork came out.
B．When Su gave the dish to every family in the city.
C．When Su was a local official in Huangzhou.
30．Which of the following is NOT seen as bad manners
A．Tap chopsticks on the edge of the bowl.
B．Use the chopsticks with the left hand.
C．Chopsticks are left standing upright in a bowl.
31．What’s the main purpose of this passage
A．To introduce the stories of Chinese food culture.
B．To introduce some famous Chinese dishes.
C．To show the development of Chinese eating habits.
第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
The Truth About Drinking Water
Every day, we are told to drink enough water. It not only helps our skin look nice but also helps us stay at a healthy weight. No one can live without water. 32
Some people say we should drink eight glasses of water eight times a day. That’s called the “8×8 rule”. Back in 1945, American experts said we should drink one milliliter (毫升) of water for every calorie (卡路里) of food we eat. That’s about two liters (公升) of water, or eight glasses every day. But the truth is that everyone is different. 33
So, do we really need to worry about controlling how much water we drink Not really. Our body is smart and can tell us when we’re thirsty and need water. We have special systems that help us stay hydrated (含水的). One is called “the thirsty system”. 34 Another system is our kidneys (肾脏). They help our body keep the water and kick in well before we feel thirsty.
Of course, drinking water has lots of benefits (益处). Our body stays at the right temperature because of it. 35 And the food which is difficult to digest (消化) also won’t trouble us as long as we drink water more.
So, next time you feel thirsty, reach for a glass of water. If you are not thirsty, don’t worry too much. Your body knows what it’s doing. Just listen to it.
A．But how much water should we actually drink
B．It protects our joints (关节) and makes our bones stronger.
C．And those differences decide what kind of water we should drink.
D．It tells us to drink water when our body’s water level is a little low.
E．How much water we need depends on our weight, age, and how active we are.
三、完形填空（满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put 36 in the bathroom. If we don’t use it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess what it is Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know 37 about its history
Before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 38 their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people 39 a kind of toothbrushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might be the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went by, the form of toothbrushes 40 . For example, people didn’t use pig hair to make toothbrushes 41 it was too hard (硬的). They began to use horse-tail hair which was much softer. Imagine that you travel back to hundreds of years ago and brush your teeth 42 . It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became 43 among local people soon. The 44 of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we get into the good 45 of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
36．A．they B．it C．them
37．A．anything B．something C．somewhere
38．A．protected B．broke C．cleaned
39．A．made B．did C．showed
40．A．appeared B．discovered C．changed
41．A．but B．because C．and
42．A．comfortably B．hardly C．angrily
43．A．different B．popular C．strange
44．A．action B．tradition C．invention
45．A．habit B．result C．fact
四、短文填空（满分10分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（1个或几个单词），使句子通顺正确。
When winter comes, most plants lose their leaves, 46 bamboo does not.
Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants in the world. It can grow 60 cm or more every day. No matter how strong the wind 47 heavy the snow is in winter, bamboo stands straight and grows fast. Chinese people consider this as bamboo’s spirit. It is about being brave enough to get over 48 (difficult). Because of this, bamboo 49 (love) by Chinese people. They call bamboo, along with the pine tree(松树), plum blossom (梅花), the three cold-resistant friends of winter (岁寒三友)”.
Bamboo is 50 common plant in China. It is 51 (wide) used to make household goods such as chairs and baskets. 52 (it) young shoots (笋) are also cooked into all kinds of food. Bamboo is also the main food 53 pandas like eating very much.
Bamboo is also very 54 (use) in art. Because bamboo is naturally hollow (中空的) inside, it is a good choice for people 55 (make) different musical instruments. There are many kinds of bamboo flutes (竹笛) all over the world, such as dizi and xiao in China.
五、任务型阅读（满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按要求完成各小题。
The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different stories about the umbrella in China. The most popular one is related to Lu Ban.
One day, Lu Ban and his younger sister visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly.The sister said,” Let’s have a competition, who comes up with a way to make it possible for people to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy. He collected some tools and materials and spent the whole night building 10 pavilions (凉亭) around the lake.
The next morning, when Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his sister held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. What is it He found the object which is made of silk and bamboo could be opened and closed easily. Lu Ban said,” You win. It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. And it can also protect us from rain.” So the umbrella was invented.
Later when paper was invented, people used much cheaper paper to replace silk, cutting the cost of umbrellas. To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed tung oil across the surface. That was how the oil-paper umbrella was invented.
In 1990, Dai Gensheng, a local of Jialu Village (手工艺). But in 1990, Dai Gensheng, a local of Jialu Village, founded the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory in order to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft. So far,the oil-paper umbrellas produced by Dai’s company have been exported to 28 countries. In 2020, Dai set up the Jialu oil-paper umbrella experience center for tourists to learn about the traditional techniques and to make oil-paper umbrellas themselves.
“We receive nearly 600 tourists a day. And the center also attracts many foreign tourists. 它给人们一个机会去了解中国文化.” said Dai.
56．How long has the oil-paper umbrella been invented
57．How could people make the umbrella waterproof
58．Why did Dai Gensheng found the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory
59．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。
60．将短文中划线句子翻译成英文。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
61．发明改变世界。请你根据表格，以”The Most Useful Invention”为题，写一篇短文介绍手机的发明时间、人物、手机的至少三个用途，并至少谈两点作为青少年的你们应如何合理地使用手机，使它成为最有用的发明之一。
The Most Useful Invention
Invention Mobile Phone
Inventor American, Martia Cooper
Time 1973
Usage (用途) 1. communicate with others 2. taking photos with mobile phones 3. go shopping, listen to music ...
Your opinions about how to use them well 1. be allowed to use mobile phones 2. use them in the right way ...
要点如下：
短文必须包含以上内容，可以适当发挥，语意连贯，词数80—100（开头已给出，不计入总词数），注意：不要逐句翻译。
The Most Useful Invention
Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions.
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试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．B
【原文】A: How delicious the cakes are! What are they made of, Tony
B: These on the plate are made of corn, and those on the table are made of rice and fruit.
A: Hmm, the ones on the plate are my favorite.
B: We are really different. I think the ones on the table taste better.
2．C
【原文】A: Who left this English book on my desk Is it yours, Mike
B: No, Amy. Mine is here. It must be Betty’s. Look, her name is on the cover.
3．A
【原文】A: I think the computer is one of the most important inventions.
B: That’s true. It has changed our life completely. We can use it to study and work.
A: Yes, we can use it to get all kinds of useful information.
4．C
【原文】A: Could you please tell me where the police station is I lost my phone in the park.
B: Just go down this street. You can find the police station next to the bookstore.
5．A
【原文】A: Mary, have you heard of the Chinese folk story “Chang’e Flying to the Moon”
B: Of course. I spent Mid-Autumn Festival in China last year.
6．C 7．B
【原文】A: Hi, Daming. This is my friend, Lucy. She’s from the US.
B: Nice to meet you, Lucy.
A: Hey, Daming, you can’t kiss her.
B: How do I welcome her
A: You can shake hands with her.
B: Okay, I see.
8．B 9．C
【原文】A: Mike, tomorrow is May 8th, Mother’s Day. It is a day to show love and thanks to mothers.
B: Oh yes. Then how shall we celebrate this special day
A: Well, I have bought a coat and some flowers with a card for my mom.
B: Great. What color is the coat
A: Red.
B: Oh, good. Do you know the right size for your mom
A: Size L.
B: They are nice presents. Hmm. What shall I do for my mom
A: Why not buy a handbag
B: Good idea. Can you go to the store with me after school
A: Sure, I believe your mom will like it.
10．A 11．C
【原文】A: Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the Children’s Hospital
B: It’s near Huachang Park, but it’s a little far from here.
A: How far is it from here
B: It’s about 7 kilometers away.
A: Can I take a bus
B: Yes, the Number 2 bus will take you right there.
A: Where is the bus stop
B: Go straight and turn right at the first crossing. You can see it on your left. You won’t miss it.
A: Thank you.
B: You’re welcome.
12．B 13．B 14．A
【原文】A: Hi, Jack, how do you study English
B: By listening to tapes and watching English videos. What about you, Lily
A: I often go to the English corner.
B: How often do you go to the English corner
A: I go there twice a week.
B: Who do you often go there with
A: I go there with my best friend, Lisa.
15．B 16．A 17．C
【原文】A: Hello, Miss. Long time no see. Can I give you a ride
B: Sorry, you are
A: Phil, the boy in your class five years ago. Remember me
B: Oh yes, Phil! You look so different. You used to be short and thin. Now look at this big boy. And I remember your face would turn red when you talked to anyone.
A: Yes, Miss. That was me. I’m quite outgoing now. People sure change, but you have not changed all these years.
18．A 19．A 20．C
【原文】W: Dad, I’m feeling bad now. Can you help me
M: What’s wrong, Anne I remember nothing can make you upset.
W: I arrived at class late this morning. And Miss White was mad at me. I don’t think what she did was fair.
M: Really Why do you think so
W: It’s not all my fault. I spent half an hour taking an old man to the bank on the way to school.
M: But why didn’t you tell her the truth
W: Well, maybe your way is smart enough. I’ll go and call her up now.
M: Certainly. See you then!
W: See you!
21．B 22．C 23．A
【导语】
文章介绍了在俄罗斯、委内瑞拉和挪威三个国家送礼、赴宴或就餐时需要注意的不同文化习俗和礼仪规则。
21．
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Yellow flowers mean a trick or a relationship break-up. No red carnations.”可知，在俄罗斯一般场合都不能送黄色的花和红色康乃馨，婚礼也不例外。故选B。
22．
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In Venezuela,...it’s suggested that you arrive 10 to 15 minutes later than the planned time.”可知，比下午5点晚10—15分钟，是5:10 p.m.—5:15 p.m.。 故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句”In Norway, table manners are extremely important.”可知，挪威极其重视餐桌礼仪。故选A。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文主要讨论了在线课程的现状和学生的态度。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, over 1,500 students from 10 cities took a survey. According to the survey, only 33 percent of the students would take such classes.”可知，有1500×33％=495会参加这样的课程，选项B“大约500”符合语境。故选B。
25．词句猜测题。根据第三段“‘There are no classmates, no real teachers watching me. I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to. It’s harder to always stay focused,’ she said.”可知，没有老师和同学的监督，她容易做其他事，这让她难以集中注意力，选项C“专注的”，符合语境。故选C。
26．观点态度题。根据第三段“Many students said it was hard to put their hearts into studying while taking online classes. This was true for Lian Ruohan...”以及最后一段“However, online classes still have other advantages. ‘It saves time and money compared to taking offline classes. Also, if I don’t understand some parts of a lesson, I can watch it over again,’ Lian said.”可知，Lian Ruohan觉得在线课堂有难以集中注意力的缺点，但又有可以节省时间、金钱和反复观看的优点。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But Wen Jiayi, 14, at Chengdu No 7 High School, thinks online interaction isn’t enough.‘The online teachers don’t really get to know me. When I don’t hand in homework, all I get is a short message instead of real concern,’ she said.”可知，Wen Jiayi认为网课互动不足，线上老师并不真正了解她，当她不交作业时，得到的只是简短消息而非真正的关注，这体现出她觉得线上老师对她的关心更少。故选B。
28．C 29．B 30．B 31．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了火锅从商代到清代的发展与乾隆帝的相关典故、东坡肉由苏轼创制并在杭州成名的故事，以及筷子的使用禁忌，以此展现中国饮食文化的丰富内涵。
28．细节理解题。根据“Yuan Mei was a poet and foodie in the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911). He mentioned huoguo, the Chinese name for hotpot, in a book about all kinds of food.”可知，清代的袁枚在其饮食著作中首次提及火锅的中文名称“火锅”。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Then he gave the dish to every family in the city and every worker on the street. Very soon the dish became famous in Hangzhou and got the name ‘Dongpo pork’”可知，东坡肉成名于苏轼任职杭州时，他将特制猪肉分给全城百姓和路人后，这道菜迅速闻名。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据“some people believe that chopsticks should not be left standing upright in a bowl. Doing it at the dinner table is believed to bring bad luck.”和“You should not tap chopsticks on the edge of the bowl either, as beggars do this to ask for food.”可知，用筷子轻敲碗边和筷子被竖直插在碗里都被视为不礼貌的行为，而选项B未提到。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据“China is famous for its food culture. There are many stories waiting for us to find out about.”及全文可知，文章分别介绍了火锅的历史渊源、东坡肉的由来和筷子的使用礼仪，这些内容都属于中国饮食文化的相关故事。故选A。
32．A 33．E 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文主要探讨了关于日常饮水量的常见观念与科学认知之间的差异。指出人体实际需水量因人而异；同时强调人体拥有自然的调节机制，如口渴感应与肾脏功能，因此无需刻意计算饮水量，而应相信并回应身体发出的需求信号。
32．根据“No one can live without water.”及“Some people say we should drink eight glasses of water eight times a day.”可知，前文强调喝水的重要性，后文转入具体饮水量的讨论，A选项“但我们究竟该喝多少水呢？”能自然引出后文对“8×8规则”的介绍。故选A。
33．根据“But the truth is that everyone is different.”可知，饮水量需求存在个体差异，E选项“我们需要的水量取决于体重、年龄和活动量。”具体阐释了“因人而异”的原因，符合上下文逻辑。故选E。
34．根据“One is called ‘the thirsty system’.”可知，此处应解释其功能，D选项“当身体水分略低时，它会告诉我们喝水。”说明了该系统的作用，与后文对“肾脏”作用的说明构成并列。故选D。
35．根据“Our body stays at the right temperature because of it.”可知，此处需补充饮水的其他益处，B选项“它能保护我们的关节并让骨骼更强健。”与前后句共同构成饮水益处的列举。故选B。
36．B 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文介绍牙刷的历史演变，从古代树枝清洁到现代牙刷的发明，并强调其对日常生活的重要性。
36．句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。
they它们，复数主格；it它，单数，主格或者宾格；them它们，宾格。空格处指代前文“a small thing”，是单数；且在put后面作宾语，需用宾格。故选B。
37．句意：但你知道关于它的历史的一些事情吗？
anything任何事，用于疑问句和否定句；something某事，用于肯定句；somewhere某地，用于肯定句。此处为疑问句，用anything。故选A。
38．句意：古代中国人用小树枝清洁牙齿。
protected保护；broke打破；cleaned清洁。根据“Before toothbrushes appeared”可知，小树枝的用途与牙刷类似，即清洁牙齿。故选C。
39．句意：约800年前，人们用猪毛和竹子制作牙刷。
made制作；did做；showed展示。make …with … “用……制作……”。故选A。
40．句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形式改变了。
appeared出现；discovered发现；changed改变。下文“For example ... ”举例说明牙刷材质的变化。故选C。
41．句意：人们不用猪毛制作牙刷，因为它太硬。
but但是；because因为；and和。空格前后为因果关系。故选B。
42．句意：想象你回到几百年前舒适地刷牙。
comfortably舒适地；hardly几乎不；angrily愤怒地。根据上文“much softer”和下文“fantastic”的积极语境可知，马尾毛比较软，制作的牙刷很舒服。故选A。
43．句意：它很快在当地人中流行起来。
different不同；popular流行；strange奇怪。根据上文“found its way into Europe”可知，空格处为popular，与上文意义一致。故选B。
44．句意：牙刷的发明不如造纸术著名，但它在日常生活中非常有用。
action行动；tradition传统；invention发明。与“paper-making”做对比，选“invention”符合语境。故选C。
45．句意：今天我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。
habit习惯；result结果；fact事实。get into the habit of“养成某个习惯”。故选A。
46．but 47．or 48．difficulties 49．is loved 50．a 51．widely 52．Its 53．which/that 54．useful 55．to make
【导语】
本文主要介绍了竹子的特点和用途。
46．句意：当冬天到来时，大多数植物会失去叶子，但竹子不会。空格的前后句子是转折关系，but但是，表示转折关系。故填but。
47．句意：不管冬天的风有多强雪有多大，竹子都笔直地挺立着，快速生长着。根据句意可知，即无论冬天的风有多强或者雪有多大，空格前后是并且成分，表示选择关系，用or，or或者。故填or。
48．句意：而是要有足够的勇气去克服困难。over是介词，后面常接名词；difficult困难的，形容词，其名词形式是difficulty，这里泛指困难，用其复数形式。故填difficulties。
49．句意：正因为如此，竹子被中国人所喜爱。love喜爱，动词。根据“by Chinese” 可知，此处需用被动语态。主语bamboo是单数，所以be动词用is。故填is loved。
50．句意：竹子在中国是一种常见的植物。此处表示泛指，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
51．句意：它被广泛用于制造家居用品，如椅子和篮子。wide广泛的，形容词。空格处修饰动词used，需要副词，wide的副词形式是widely。故填widely。
52．句意：它嫩嫩的笋也被烹饪成各种食物。it它，人称代词主格或宾格，空格处修饰名词shoots，应填形容词性物主代词its。故填Its。
53．句意：竹子也是熊猫非常喜欢吃的主要食物。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词food，且在从句中作宾语，所以用which或that。故填which/that。
54．句意：竹子在艺术中也非常有用。use使用，动词；空格处位于系动词is后，所以应填形容词，useful有用的。故填useful。
55．句意：因为竹子内部天然中空，所以它是人们制作各种乐器的好选择。make制作，动词；此处用不定式表目的。故填to make。
56．For over 1,000 years；It has a history of over 1,000 years in China. 57．By brushing tung oil across the surface./People brushed tung oil across the surface. 58．In order to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft./Because he wanted to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft. 59．它可以展开成一个圆形。 60．It gives people a chance to learn about Chinese culture./It gives people a chance to know about Chinese culture.
【导语】本文讲述了中国油纸伞的历史，包括其与鲁班相关的发明故事，以及后来的发展和现代传承情况。
56．根据“The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China.”可知，有1000多年的历史，故填For over 1,000 years./It has a history of over 1,000 years in China.
57．根据“To make the umbrella waterproof (防水的), people brushed tung oil across the surface.”可知，为了使伞防水，人们在伞的表面刷上桐油，故填By brushing tung oil across the surface./People brushed tung oil across the surface.
58．根据“But in 1990, Dai Gensheng, a local of Jialu Village, founded the Jialu oil-paper umbrella factory in order to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft.”可知，是为了保护和传承传统手工艺，故填In order to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft./ Because he wanted to protect and pass on the traditional handicraft.
59．It“它”；could be opened into“可以被展开成……”；a round shape“一个圆形”。故填：它可以被展开成一个圆形。
60．“它”It，作主语；“给人们一个机会”gives people a chance（此句时态为一般现在时，it作主语，谓语动词用单三形式）；“去了解”to learn/know about；“中国文化”Chinese culture。故填It gives people a chance to learn about Chinese culture./It gives people a chance to know about Chinese culture.
61．
例文
The Most Useful Invention Mobile phones are one of the most useful inventions. They were invented in 1973 by an American named Martin Cooper. Phones bring us great convenience. Firstly, they help us communicate with others at any time. Secondly, we can take photos to record happy moments. Thirdly, they make life easier, like shopping online or listening to music.
As teenagers, we should use phones responsibly. On one hand, we must control time and avoid using them too long. On the other hand, we ought to use them for learning, such as finding study materials. This way, phones remain truly useful.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主；
③提示：写作要求已给出，学生不要遗漏题目中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致，注意字数要求。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍手机发明时间及发明者；
第二步，介绍手机的用途；
第三步，谈论如何合理地利用手机。
[亮点词汇]
①be invented by sb由某人发明
②communicate with sb与某人交流
③avoid doing sth避免做某事
[高分句型]
①They were invented in 1973 by an American named Martin Cooper. (被动语态和过去分词短语作后置定语)
②we ought to use them for learning, such as finding study materials. (such as举例拓展观点)
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