2026年中考英语语法总复习介词(含解析)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2026年中考英语语法总复习介词(含解析)

资源简介

2026中考英语语法总复习·介词
模块一 表示时间的介词
模块二 表示方位的介词
模块三 表示地点的介词
模块四 表示运动方向与目的的介词
模块五 易混淆介词短语辨析(一):in the end/at the end of/by the end of
模块六 易混淆介词辨析(二):on/about
模块七 易混淆介词短语辨析(三):in front of/in the front of/above/over/under/below
模块八 易混淆介词短语辨析(四):instead of/rather than
模块九 易混淆介词短语辨析(五):because of/thanks to/due to/as for/as to
模块十 其他高频介词用法
模块十一 表示“除……之外”的介词
模块十二 综合训练
模块一 表示时间的介词
介词 核心用法 示例
in 1. 接年、月、季节、世纪(月份/季节辨析); 2. in+时间段(表“多久后”,唯一对应将来时); 3. 固定搭配:in the morning/afternoon/evening(无修饰词必用in) ① We will have a summer vacation in July.(月份用in) ② He will come back in three days.(in+时间段表将来)
on 1. 接具体年/月/日、星期几(具体日期辨析); 2. 接有修饰词的上午/下午/晚上(修饰词为天气、节日等); 3. 固定搭配:on Christmas Day/on weekends ① World Book Day is on April 23rd.(具体日期用on) ② They had a picnic on a sunny afternoon.(有修饰词用on)
at 1. 接具体时刻(几点几分/noon/night等); 2. 接小地点(如station/airport);3. 固定搭配:at noon/night/dusk/at school(表上学) ① We have math class at 9:00 a.m.(时刻用at) ② He often reads books at night.(固定搭配)
since 接过去具体时间点(yesterday/2025年/从句),表“从…开始”,唯一对应现在完成时 She has lived in this city since 2018.(since+时间点+现在完成时)
for 接时间段(three years/five days),表“持续…时间”,不可接瞬间动词(buy/borrow等) They have studied English for five years.(for+时间段+现在完成时)
after 1. 接过去时间点/从句(表“…后”,用一般过去时); 2. after+动名词; 3. 注意与in+时间段的时态区分 ① After he finished his homework, he watched TV.(接从句用过去时) ② We will go out after dinner.(接名词,无时态限制)
during 接时间段(spring/the holiday),强调动作贯穿全程,不可接时间点 Many flowers bloom during spring.(接季节表全程)
by 接时间点(表“到…为止”,),强调动作完成截止时间,核心关联完成时 By the end of last term, we had learned 1000 new words.(by+过去时→过去完成时)
易错提示
in/on/at时间搭配混淆
① 记口诀“大时in(年/月/季),具体on(日期/星期/有修饰的上下午),时刻at”;
② 看到“a rainy morning”“Christmas Eve”直接选on;看到“8:30”直接选at;看到“July”直接选in。
since与for的时态&搭配错误
① 看后面接的内容:接“时间点”(2019/last Monday)用since,接“时间段”(3 years/5 days)用for;
② 时态必为完成时,看到since/for直接锁定have/has/had+过去分词;
③ 注意:不可说“I have bought this book for 2 years”(buy是瞬间动词),应改为“I have had this book for 2 years”。
in+时间段与after+时间段的时态混淆
① 表“将来多久后”用in+时间段(如I will leave in 10 minutes);
② 表“过去多久后”用after+时间段(如He came back after 10 minutes);
③句中是将来时直接选in,是过去时直接选after。
at school与in the school的语义差异
① at school=“在上学”(表状态,核心考);
② in the school=“在学校这个地点”(可能是办事、找人,非上学);He is at school now.(他在上学)/ His mother is in the school.(他妈妈在学校找人)
即时训练
Father’s Day comes ______ June every year.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
—How long have you learned to play the piano —______ 2019.
A. After B. In C. Since D. For
选词填空(用in/on/at/since/for填空,每词限用一次):
① We will have a class meeting ______ the morning of May 4th.
② By the end of last month, we had learned English ______ three years.
③ He has lived in this city ______ 2018.
④ They usually have dinner ______ 7:00 p.m.
用适当的介词填空:
① He returned home ______ three days after he left.
② Many people like to go hiking ______ autumn because the weather is cool.
③ We will finish the work ______ the end of this week.
模块二 表示方位的介词
介词 核心用法 示例
in 表示“在某一范围之内”(国家、省份、城市内部),是地域方位题的高频正确选项 ① Taiwan is in the southeast of China.(台湾是中国省级行政区,用in) ② Shanghai is in the east of China.(城市在国家内)
on 表示“两地相邻、接壤”(非同一范围,),常考中国周边接壤国家 ① North Korea is on the east of China.(朝鲜与中国接壤) ② Vietnam is on the south of China.(越南与中国接壤)
to 表示“两地不接壤、隔海/隔地相望”(非同一范围,),常考日本、韩国等 Japan lies to the east of China.(日本与中国不接壤,隔海相望)
off 表示“在海面上,靠近海岸”,常考岛屿与大陆的关系 New Zealand lies off the eastern coast of Australia.(新西兰靠近澳大利亚东海岸)
易错提示
in/on/to的地域范围判断错误
① 第一步看A是否属于B(是→in);第二步看A与B是否接壤(是→on);第三步看是否不接壤(是→to);
②只要考中国的省级行政区(如广东、四川),直接选in;考日本、韩国直接选to;考朝鲜、越南直接选on。
off与near的语义混淆
① off=“在海上,靠近海岸”(必须与海洋相关),如an island off the coast(海岸附近的岛屿);
② near=“在附近”(可陆地可海上,无海洋限制),如a shop near the school(学校附近的商店);岛屿用off,陆地地点用near。
方位介词的反向转换错误 :“日本在中国东部→中国在日本西部”,转换公式:A is to the east of B → B is to the west of A;注意:方向词完全相反,介词仍用to(不改变接壤/不接壤关系)。
即时训练
Guangdong lies ______ the south of China and Fujian is ______ the east of it.
A. in; in B. in; on C. on; to D. to; off
句型转换(保持句意不变,改写划线部分):
原句:Japan lies to the east of China.
改写:China lies ______ the ______ of Japan.
用适当的介词填空:
① Hainan Island is ______ the south coast of China.
② The small island lies ______ the coast of Zhejiang, so we can take a boat to visit it.
选词填空(用in/on/to/off填空):
Shanghai is ______ the east of Jiangsu Province and ______ the east of China.
模块三 表示地点的介词
介词 核心用法 示例 注意区分
at 接较小、具体的地点(车站、机场、门牌号、家、学校等),强调“精准定位点” ① I will wait for you at the bus station.(车站是小地点)② He lives at 105 Park Road.(具体门牌号) 小地点=精准点(如at the airport);大地点=范围(如in Beijing)
in 接较大地点(国家、城市、省份、大型场馆等);或空间内部,强调“在范围/内部” ① She was born in Shanghai.(城市是大地点)② There are many books in the library.(空间内部) in+空间=在内部(如in the box);on+表面=接触表面(如on the box)
on 接某物表面(有接触);或街道、道路,强调“接触面” ① The book is on the desk.(表面接触)② He lives on Main Street.(街道用on) 表面有接触用on,无接触在上方用above/over
over 在某物正上方(无接触);或“覆盖”,强调“垂直上方” ① A bird is flying over the roof.(正上方)② Put a cloth over the food.(覆盖) over=正上方(垂直);above=上方(非垂直),可互换但over更精准
under 在某物正下方(与over相对),强调“垂直下方” The cat is hiding under the bed.(正下方) under=正下方;below=下方(非垂直),中考常考under
beside 在某物/某人旁边(=next to,),强调“紧邻” She sat beside her mother on the sofa.(紧邻) beside=紧邻;near=附近(距离稍远),中考常考beside/next to
by 在某物/某人旁边;或“在…附近”(沿边,),常与river/lake/road搭配 ① There is a tree by the window.(窗边)② They had a picnic by the lake.(湖边) by与beside基本可互换,但by更强调“沿边”(如by the river),beside强调“旁边”(如beside me)
易错提示
at与in的地点大小判断错误:
① 小地点(at the station/at home/at school/具体门牌号);大地点(in China/in Shanghai/in the park);
②看到“bus station/airport/具体门牌号”直接选at;看到“国家/城市/省份”直接选in;
③ 易错:“在学校”at school(上学)vs in the school(在学校地点),题干有“studying/learning”选at,有“looking for sb”选in。
on/over/above的上方关系混淆:
① 有表面接触→on(如on the table);
② 无接触,垂直正上方→over(如over the roof);
③ 无接触,非垂直上方→above(如above the clouds);
beside/by/near的距离混淆:
① 题干强调“紧邻、挨着”→选beside/next to;
② 题干强调“沿河边、路边”→选by;
③ 题干只说“附近”,无紧邻/沿边提示→选near;
即时训练
We sometimes have dinner ______ my grandparents ______ the weekend.
A. with; on B. at; at C. in; in D. by; for
用适当的介词填空:
① The fish is swimming fast ______ the river.
② There is a big tree ______ the classroom window.
③ The plane is flying ______ the mountains, not directly over them.
短文填空(每空填一个适当的介词)
My brother is studying ______ his room, and my parents are chatting ______ the sofa. I like reading ______ the library because it’s quiet there. Yesterday, I met my friend ______ the bus station when I went home.
模块四 表示运动方向与目的的介词
介词 核心用法 示例 固定搭配
across 平面穿越(从一边到另一边,如马路、河流),=walk across=cross(动词) Walk across the street, and you will see the hospital.(过马路=平面穿越) walk across+地点;看到“过马路/过河”选across
through 空间穿越(从内部穿过,如森林、窗户、门),强调“穿透内部” The sunlight comes through the window.(空间穿越) 固定搭配:go through+空间;看到“穿森林/穿门/窗户”选through
along 沿着、顺着(沿直线平行移动,如河岸、街道,),常与walk/run搭配 We walked along the river bank for an hour.(沿河岸走) 固定搭配:walk along+河岸/街道;看到“沿…走”选along
up/down up=向上/由南到北;down=向下/由北到南,常与climb/walk搭配 ① The children are climbing up the hill.(上山)② They walked down the mountain.(下山) 固定搭配:climb up/down the hill;注意:up/down不表“穿越”,表“方向”
to 表目的地(强调“到达”,),常与go/come/travel/arrive搭配 She will travel to Paris next month.(目的地巴黎) 固定搭配:go to+地点/arrive in/at+地点;注意:arrive后不接to,直接接in/at
towards 表“朝向”(仅强调方向,不强调到达),区别于to的“到达” The boy ran towards his mother.(朝妈妈跑,不一定到) 区分:towards=方向,无到达含义;to=方向+到达;题干有“到达”提示选to,无则选towards
for 表“前往”(与leave/start/set out搭配,),=leave for=出发去 They set out for the village early in the morning.(出发去村庄) 固定搭配:leave for+目的地/set out for+目的地;看到“出发去某地”选for
易错提示
易错点1:across与through的穿越类型混淆:
① 记核心区分:平面穿越(马路、广场、河流表面)→across;空间穿越(森林、窗户、门、隧道内部)→through;
② 平面across,空间through;
③ 看到“cross the road”=“walk across the road”,选项有across直接选;看到“go through the forest/door”直接选through。
to与towards的到达含义混淆
① 题干有“到达、抵达”相关表述(如arrive/reach/get to)→选to;
② 题干仅表“朝某个方向走/跑”,无到达提示→选towards;
③ He walked to the park.(走到了公园,有到达);He walked towards the park.(朝公园走,可能没到)。
易错点3:leave for与leave...for...的搭配错误
① leave for+目的地=“出发去某地”(如He left for Beijing. 他出发去北京);
② leave A for B=“离开A地去B地”(如He left Shanghai for Beijing. 他离开上海去北京);
③ 题干有两个地点(A和B)用leave A for B,只有一个地点用leave for+地点。
即时训练
______ the gate and you’ll find the entrance ______ the park ______ the other side.
A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Cross; to; at D. Past; of; by
用适当的介词填空:
① Early ______ the morning of May 1st, we started off ______ the mountain village.
② The river flows ______ the city from north to south.
③ She walked ______ the street and turned left at the second crossing to the bookstore.
句型转换(对划线部分提问):
原句:The children ran across the playground to meet their parents after school.
提问:______ ______ the children run to meet their parents after school
模块五 易混淆介词短语辨析(一):in the end/at the end of/by the end of
短语 核心用法 示例 搭配注意
in the end =finally/at last(最后、终于),句中单独作状语,无of,不接宾语 In the end, we succeeded in finishing the task.(单独作状语) 注意:不可说in the end of the term(×),要去掉of
at the end of +名词 表“在…的末端/结束时/尽头”,必须接宾语(时间/地点名词) ① Our teacher summarized the key points at the end of the class.(接时间)② There is a bookstore at the end of the street.(接地点) 注意:不可单独用at the end(×),必须加of+名词
by the end of +时间名词 表“到…为止”,强调动作在该时间前完成,必须接时间宾语 ① By the end of 2024, we will have learned 3000 English words.(接将来时间)② By the end of last year, he had worked for 10 years.(接过去时间) 时态:接过去时间→过去完成时;接将来时间→将来完成时;注意:时态判断唯一依据是of后时间
易错提示
易错点1:三个短语的“接宾语”规则混淆:
① 记口诀“无of不接宾(in the end),有of必接宾(at/by the end of)”;
② 题干后无名词→选in the end;题干后有名词(如the term/the street)→选at/by the end of;
③ In the end the class, we summarized.(×)→At the end of the class, we summarized.(√)。
易错点2:by the end of的时态搭配错误:
① 第一步找of后的时间:是过去时间(last year/2023/the last term)→谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词);
② 是将来时间(next year/2026/the next term)→谓语用将来完成时(will have+过去分词);
③ 看到by the end of+last/过去年份,直接锁定had+过去分词。
即时训练
______ the end of the meeting, the manager announced a new policy.
A. In B. At C. By D. On
选词填空(用in/at/by填空):
① ______ the end, they decided to give up the plan because of the bad weather.
② ______ the end of last year, he had worked in this company for 10 years.
③ ______ the end of next month, we will have completed the project.
④ There is a big supermarket ______ the end of this road.
用适当的介词填空并改写句子:
原句:We succeeded in finishing the task finally.(用in the end改写)
改写:______ ______ ______, we succeeded in finishing the task.
模块六 易混淆介词辨析(二):on/about
介词 核心用法 示例 区分&搭配
on 表“关于”,用于严肃、学术、专业话题(书籍、论文、讲座、建议等) ① He wrote a book on Chinese history.(学术书籍)② She gave a lecture on environmental protection.(严肃讲座) 学术/严肃/专业→on; advice on sth(关于…的建议)、a book on sth(学术书籍)
about 表“关于”,用于日常、随意话题(故事、聊天、电影、个人经历等) ① She told me a story about her childhood.(个人经历)② We talked about the new movie.(日常聊天) 日常/随意/叙事→about; talk about sth(谈论)、a story about sth(叙事故事)
易错提示
易错点1:on与about的话题属性混淆:
① 题干关键词是“建议、学术书籍、讲座、语法、环保”等严肃话题→选on;
② “故事、聊天、电影、童年、旅行经历”等日常话题→选about;
③ 看到“advice/speech/lecture/book(学术)”直接选on;看到“talk/story/hear”直接选about。
易错点2:固定搭配的不可替换性错误:
① 必须用about的固定搭配:talk about(谈论)、think about(思考)、hear about(听说)、worry about(担心);
② 必须用on的固定搭配:advice on(关于…的建议)、a lecture on(关于…的讲座)、a book on(关于…的学术书籍);
③ 把talk about改成talk on(×),把advice on改成advice about(×),均为错误。
即时训练
He gave us some advice ______ how to learn English well.
A. on B. about C. for D. with
用适当的介词填空:
① The teacher told us a funny story ______ his student days.
② This is a book ______ space exploration, which is written by a famous scientist.
③ I heard ______ a new movie from my friend, and it’s about a brave policeman.
句型转换(选择合适的介词改写,保持句意):
原句:The professor will give a speech about environmental protection in our school tomorrow.
改写:The professor will give a speech ______ environmental protection in our school tomorrow.
模块七 易混淆介词短语辨析(三):in front of/in the front of/above/over/under/below
短语/介词 核心用法 示例 区分&注意
in front of 表“在……(外部)的前面”,强调两者是独立个体,前者不在后者内部范围 There is a big tree in front of our classroom.(树在教室外部前方) 区分:外部范围;注意:不可与in the front of混淆,看到“外部前方”直接选
in the front of 表“在……(内部)的前部”,强调前者是后者的一部分,位于内部前端 The driver sits in the front of the bus.(司机在公交车内部前部) 区分:内部范围;注意:必须加the,看到“内部前部”直接选
above 表“在……上方”,非垂直、无接触,不强调覆盖 There are some clouds above the mountain.(云在山上方,非垂直) 区分:非垂直上方;注意:与over的核心差异是“是否垂直”
over 表“在……正上方”,垂直、无接触;或“覆盖、越过” ① A bridge is over the river.(桥在河正上方)② The plane flew over the city.(飞机越过城市) 区分:垂直上方/覆盖/越过;注意:看到“正上方”“覆盖”直接选over
under 表“在……正下方”,垂直、无接触,与over相对() The cat is hiding under the table.(猫在桌子正下方) 区分:垂直下方;注意:与below的核心差异是“是否垂直”
below 表“在……下方”,非垂直、无接触,不强调正下方 The temperature is below zero in winter here.(温度在零度以下) 区分:非垂直下方;注意:常与数量、温度搭配,表“低于”
易错提示
in front of与in the front of的范围混淆:
① 有the在内部,无the在外部;
② 题干关键词:教室、公交车、房间等封闭空间内部→in the front of;街道、建筑、树木等外部对象→in front of;
③ in front of the school(学校前面,外部)vs in the front of the school hall(学校大厅前部,内部)。
above与over、under与below的垂直关系混淆:
① 强调“垂直正上/正下”→over/under;
② 仅表“上方/下方”,不强调垂直→above/below;
③ 看到“桥在河上”“鸟在屋顶正上方”选over;看到“云在山上空”“温度低于零度”选above/below。
即时训练
There is a teacher's desk ______ the classroom, and a big tree ______ the classroom.
A. in front of; in the front of B. in the front of; in front of
C. above; over D. under; below
用适当的介词填空:
① The moon is ______ the earth tonight, and it looks very bright.
② The little boy is standing ______ his mother, holding her hand.
③ The water level is ______ the warning line, so we need to take precautions.
句型转换(保持句意不变):
原句:The library is in front of the teaching building.
改写:The teaching building is ______ the library.
模块八 易混淆介词短语辨析(四):instead of/rather than
短语 核心用法 示例 区分&注意
instead of 表“代替、而不是”,后接名词、代词、动名词,强调“用前者替代后者” He went to school by bike instead of by bus.(用自行车替代公交车) 搭配:后接动名词(doing);注意:不可接动词原形,如instead of walk(×)→instead of walking(√)
rather than 表“宁愿……而不愿……、而不是”,后接动词原形(前后动词形式一致),可接名词/代词 She would rather stay at home than go out.(宁愿在家也不外出) 搭配:后接动词原形;注意:前后动词形式一致,如rather than go(√),而非rather than going(×)
易错提示
instead of与rather than的后续动词形式混淆:
① 记核心搭配:instead of + doing(动名词);rather than + do(动词原形);
② 看到of直接锁定动名词;看到would rather...than...直接锁定动词原形;
③ He chose to read instead of watch TV.(×)→He chose to read instead of watching TV.(√)。
语义侧重点混淆:
① instead of侧重“替代关系”,强调“不用后者用前者”;
② rather than侧重“主观选择”,常与would rather搭配表“宁愿……不愿……”;
③ 题干有“宁愿”提示→rather than;仅表“替代”→instead of。
即时训练
My mother prefers to cook at home ______ eat out.
A. instead of B. rather than C. because of D. thanks to
用适当的形式填空(用括号内动词的正确形式):
① He decided to take a taxi instead of ______(walk)to the station.
② She would rather listen to music than ______(play)computer games.
③ Instead of ______(stay)up late, we should go to bed early.
句型转换(保持句意不变):
原句:He uses a pen to write instead of a pencil.
改写:He uses a pen to write ______ ______ a pencil.
模块九 易混淆介词短语辨析(五):because of/thanks to/due to/as for/as to
短语 核心用法 示例 区分&注意
because of 表“因为、由于”,后接名词/代词/动名词,强调直接原因,可用于各种语气 He didn't go to school because of illness.(生病是不上学的直接原因) 区分:直接原因;注意:后接名词性成分,不可接从句,如because of he was ill(×)
thanks to 表“幸亏、由于”,后接名词/代词/动名词,强调“幸运的原因”,多表积极结果 Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.(你的帮助带来积极结果) 区分:积极原因/幸运因素;注意:不可用于消极结果,如thanks to the rain, we were late(×)
due to 表“由于、因为”,后接名词/代词/动名词,强调“归因于”,可用于正式语境 The delay was due to heavy traffic.(延误归因于交通拥堵) 区分:正式归因;注意:常与be动词连用,构成be due to,位置可在句首或句末
as for 表“至于、关于”,用于转换话题,引出新的讨论对象 I like English. As for math, I find it difficult.(从英语转换到数学话题) 区分:话题转换;注意:后接名词/代词,不可接从句,位置多在句首
as to 表“至于、关于”,用于引出具体问题或细节,语气较正式 As to the plan, we need to discuss it further.(引出关于计划的具体讨论) 区分:引出具体问题;注意:与as for可互换,但as to更侧重具体细节
易错提示
because of/thanks to/due to的语义与搭配混淆:
① 表直接原因(无论积极/消极)→because of;
② 表积极/幸运原因→thanks to;
③ 表正式归因(常与be连用)→due to;
④ 共同注意:均不可接从句,需接名词性成分,接从句用because。
as for与as to的用法差异:
① 日常话题转换,简单引出新对象→as for;
② 正式语境,引出具体问题/细节→as to;
③ 题干为日常对话、简单话题转换→选as for;为正式讨论、具体问题→选as to。
即时训练
______ the bad weather, the sports meeting was put off.
A. Thanks to B. Because of C. As for D. As to
用适当的介词短语填空:
① ______ your timely support, we succeeded in solving the problem.
② The accident was ______ the driver's carelessness.
③ I have finished my homework. ______ my sister's, she is still working on it.
改错(找出错误并改正):
① Thanks to the heavy snow, many students couldn't get to school on time.(______→______)
② He didn't attend the meeting because of he was busy.(______→______)
模块十 表示“除……之外”的介词
介词/短语 核心用法 示例 是否包含主句对象
besides 表“除…之外还有…”(补充,包含除去部分),=with/including Besides English, he also speaks French.(英语包含在内,还会法语) 是(包含);秒杀词:also/too/except(题干有这些词选besides)
except 表“除…之外(其余都)”(排除,不包含除去部分),用于同类事物,不可句首 All students passed the exam except Tom.(汤姆排除在外,其余都过) 否(排除);秒杀词:all/none/every(题干有这些词选except)
except for 表“除…之外(其余都)”(排除,整体中的小缺陷),用于不同类事物 The city is beautiful except for some dirty streets.(城市与街道不同类,整体美) 否(排除);秒杀:整体+局部缺陷,且整体与局部不同类→except for
but 表“除…之外(其余都)”(用法同except),常与不定代词(nothing/nobody/all)连用 There is nothing but a desk in the room.(房间里除了桌子什么都没有) 否(排除);秒杀:与不定代词连用→but;固定搭配:nothing but=only
易错提示
besides与except的包含/排除混淆:
① 记口诀“besides加,except减”;
② 题干有“also/too/还有”→besides(加,包含);题干有“all/every/其余都”→except(减,排除);
③ Besides Tom, 3 students passed.(汤姆+3人,共4人过);Except Tom, 3 students passed.(3人过,汤姆没过)。
except与except for的同类/不同类混淆:
① 同类事物(如学生与学生、书与书)→except;
② 不同类事物(如城市与街道、电影与结局、人与衣服)→except for;
③ 看到“整体评价+局部小缺陷”(如The film is good except for the ending),直接选except for。
but的固定搭配与使用场景错误:
① but仅与不定代词(nothing/nobody/all/none)连用,其他情况优先选except;
② 固定搭配“nothing but=only”,如There is nothing but water. = There is only water.;
③ 注意:不可说“All students passed but Tom”(×),应改为“All students passed except Tom”(√),不定代词外优先except。
即时训练
Smith is a good man, ______ his bad temper.
A. except B. besides C. except for D. but
选词填空(用except/besides/except for/but填空):
① ______ money, she also got valuable experience from her part-time job.
② All compositions are well written ______ yours.
③ There is no choice ______ to work hard if you want to succeed.
④ The film is wonderful ______ a few small logical flaws.
用适当的介词填空并翻译:
原句:______ my parents, no one else supports my decision to study abroad.
翻译:________________________________________
模块十一 其他高频介词用法
介词 核心用法 示例 注意点
with 1. 和…一起;2. 用…工具(具体工具);3. 带有、具有 ① I will go to the park with my sister.(一起)② We write with pens.(具体工具) 用工具→with(具体);用方式→by(抽象);如with a pen(√),by writing(√)
without 表“没有、无”(与with相反);without+动名词 ① We can’t live without water.(没有)② He went out without saying goodbye.(without+动名词) 不可说without say goodbye(×),必须用动名词without saying(√)
of 1. …的(所有关系);2. be made of(能看出原料) ① This is a photo of my family.(所有关系)② The table is made of wood.(能看出原料) be made of=能看出原料(如桌子→木头);be made from=看不出(如纸→木头)
from 1. 来自…;2. be made from(看不出原料);3. from...to... ① She is from Canada.(来自)② Paper is made from wood.(看不出原料) from...to...表时间/地点范围,from 8am to 5pm(√)
for 1. 为了…(目的);2. 给…(对象);3. 持续…(时间) ① He studies hard for his dream.(目的)② This gift is for you.(对象) 表目的→for+名词;表目的+动词→to+动词原形;如for the exam(√),to pass the exam(√)
against 1. 反对、不赞成,常与be动词连用(be against sth);2. 靠着、倚着,表物体接触支撑;3. 对抗、与……竞争,常与compete/fight等动词搭配 ① Most students are against the new rule because it’s too strict.(反对)② He stood against the wall and waited for his friend.(靠着)③ We will compete against the strongest team in the final.(对抗) 1. against是介词,不可直接接动词原形,需接名词/代词/动名词(如against going out,而非against go out);2. 区分be against(反对)与be for(支持),两者为反义词。
易错提示
with与by表“工具/手段”的区别:with+具体工具(如with a pen),by+抽象手段/方式(如by bus, by working hard)。
be made of与be made from的区分:能看出原料用of,看不出原料用from。如:a ring made of gold(金戒指,能看出),wine made from grapes(葡萄酒,看不出)。
without后接动名词,不可接动词原形(如without eat→错误,without eating→正确)。
即时训练
My mother often tells me it’s impolite to hit an empty bowl ______ chopsticks.
A. in B. with C. by D. for
用适当的介词填空:
① This desk is made ______ wood, and the paper is made ______ wood.
② He went to school ______ breakfast this morning, so he is hungry now.
③ We usually go to school ______ bus, but sometimes we walk.
短文填空(每空填一个适当的介词):
Most students are ______ the new rule because it’s too strict. She prepared a big cake ______ her mother’s birthday. We can’t live ______ water, and we should protect it. He stood ______ the wall and waited for his friend.
Most students are ______ the new school rule because it requires them to stay up late.
A. against B. for C. with D. without
用适当的介词填空(结合against核心用法):
① The little boy stood ______ the wall and refused to move.
② We will compete ______ the team from No. 1 Middle School in the basketball match.
模块十二 综合训练
一、单项选择
Father’s Day comes ________ June every year.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
Mingming will have a class meeting _______ 3:30 this afternoon.
A. on B. in C. at
________ spring, the days are often windy and bright. It’s a perfect time to fly a kite.
A. on B. In C. At D. With
I usually get up ________ 6:30 in the morning. And you
A. at B. on C. in D. for
We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
Guangzhou is ________ the south of China, and it’s one of the biggest cities in our country.
A. in B. on C. to D. off
—When did you arrive ________ the train station —At 9:00 a.m. yesterday.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
The sunlight comes ________ the window and makes the room warm.
A. across B. through C. along D. above
________ the end of the term, we will have a big exam to test our learning.
A. In B. At C. By D. For
My sister bought a book ________ space travel. It’s very interesting.
A. on B. about C. for D. with
All the students went to the park ________ Tom. He had to stay at home to finish his homework.
A. besides B. except C. except for D. but
We can’t live ________ water or air. So we should protect our environment.
A. with B. without C. for D. against
They will start off ________ Beijing early tomorrow morning.
A. to B. towards C. for D. in
The table is made ________ wood, and it looks very beautiful.
A. of B. from C. by D. with
Walk ________ the street and you will find the bank on your left.
A. across B. through C. along D. up
By the end of last year, we ________ learned more than 2000 English words.
A. have B. had C. will D. are
There is a big tree ________ the window of my bedroom.
A. beside B. over C. under D. above
He has lived in this city ________ 2019.
A. for B. since C. after D. in
Most people are ________ the new plan because it’s good for our life.
A. with B. against C. for D. from
Japan lies ________ the east of China.
in B. on C. to D. off
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last weekend, I went camping with my family ________ the countryside. It was a beautiful place ________ many trees and flowers. We arrived ________ the campsite at 2:00 p.m. My father set up the tent, and my mother prepared food ________ us. After dinner, we sat ________ the fire and told stories. The next morning, I woke up early and walked ________ the river. The water was clear, and I saw some fish swimming ________ it. At 10:00 a.m., we started to climb the hill ________ the campsite. We had a great time there. ________ the end of the day, we were tired but happy. This trip taught me that we should spend more time ________ nature and enjoy life.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
A. with B. without C. for D. against
A. in B. at C. on D. to
A. to B. for C. with D. by
A. beside B. over C. under D. above
A. along B. across C. through D. up
A. in B. on C. above D. below
A. in B. on C. near D. off
A. In B. At C. By D. For
A. in B. on C. with D. against
三、短文填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词(介词为主),或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(涉及介词搭配)。
My name is Li Hua. I live 1________ a small city 2________ the south of China. I go to school 3________ bike every day. My favorite subject is English. I have learned English 4________ 5 years. My English teacher often gives us advice 5________ how to learn English well. Last week, our school held a speech contest 6________ English learning. Many students talked 7________ their learning experience. I also took part in it and won the third prize. 8________ the end of the contest, the headmaster gave me a book 9________ English grammar. I was very happy. From now on, I will work harder 10________ my English.
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,完成表格中所缺信息(每空填一个适当的介词或介词短语)。
Welcome to our city zoo! Here is some information for you. The zoo is open ________ 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. every day. You can get to the zoo ________ bus No. 10 or No. 15. The entrance ________ the zoo is on Green Street. There are many kinds of animals in the zoo. The pandas live ________ the north part of the zoo. They are very cute. The tigers are ________ the pandas, so you can visit them one after another. We hope you have a good time here!
________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
答案与解析
一、单项选择
答案:A。考查时间介词辨析。in接年、月、季节等较长时间,June(六月)为月份,故用in。选项B(on)接具体日期/星期,C(at)接具体时刻,D(to)不表时间,均排除。
答案:C。考查时间介词辨析。at接具体时刻(几点几分),3:30为具体时刻,故用at。选项A(on)接具体日期,B(in)接较长时间,均排除。
答案:B。考查时间介词辨析。in接季节,spring(春天)为季节,句首首字母大写,故用In。选项A(on)接具体日期,C(at)接时刻,D(with)不表时间,均排除。
答案:A。考查时间介词辨析。at接具体时刻,6:30为具体时刻,故用at。选项A(on)接具体日期,B(in)接较长时间,D(for)接时间段,均排除。
答案:A。考查时间介词辨析。at接具体时刻(three o’clock),即使后面有every Friday afternoon修饰,时刻前仍用at。选项B(on)接具体日期,C(in)接较长时间,D(to)不表时间,均排除。
答案:A。考查方位介词辨析。in表示在某一范围之内(国家、城市内部),广州属于中国境内,故用in。选项B(on)接接壤地区,C(to)接不接壤地区,D(off)接海上,均排除。
答案:B。考查地点介词辨析。at接较小、较具体的地点(车站、机场等),train station(火车站)为小地点,arrive at后接小地点。选项A(in)接大地点,C(on)接表面,D(to)不与arrive搭配,均排除。
答案:B。考查运动方向介词辨析。through表示从空间内部穿过(窗户为空间结构),符合句意。选项A(across)表平面穿越,C(along)表沿着,D(above)表上方,均排除。
答案:B。考查介词短语辨析。at the end of + 名词(时间/地点),表“在……结束时/尽头”,此处接the term(时间名词),故用At。选项A(In)构成in the end(单独作状语,不接宾语),C(By)构成by the end of(接时间,搭配完成时),D(For)不与the end搭配,均排除。
答案:B。考查易混淆介词on/about辨析。about用于日常、随意的话题(书籍内容为叙事性,非学术),表“关于”。选项A(on)用于严肃学术话题,C(for)表目的/对象,D(with)表伴随,均排除。
答案:B。考查“除……之外”的介词辨析。except表示“除……之外(其余都)”,排除同类事物(学生中的汤姆)。选项A(besides)表“除……之外还有”(包含),C(except for)排除不同类事物,D(but)常与不定代词连用,均排除。
答案:B。考查介词with/without辨析。without表“没有”,与with相反,符合句意(无水电无法生存)。选项A(with)表“有”,C(for)表目的,D(against)表反对,均排除。
答案:C。考查运动方向介词辨析。for与start off搭配,start off for + 目的地,表“出发前往某地”。选项A(to)需搭配start off to + 动词原形,B(towards)表方向(不强调到达),D(in)接地点(不表前往),均排除。
答案:A。考查介词of/from辨析(be made of/from)。be made of表“由……制成,能看出原料”,桌子由木头制成(能看出原料),故用of。选项B(from)表“看不出原料”,C(by)表动作执行者,D(with)表工具,均排除。
答案:C。考查运动方向介词辨析。along表“沿着、顺着”,符合“沿街走找银行”的语境。选项A(across)表平面穿越,B(through)表空间穿越,D(up)表向上,均排除。
答案:B。考查介词by的时态搭配。by the end of + 过去时间(last year),谓语用过去完成时(had + 过去分词),故用had。选项A(have)用于现在完成时,C(will)用于将来时,D(are)用于现在时,均排除。
答案:A。考查地点介词辨析。beside表“在……旁边”,符合“树在窗边”的语境。选项B(over)表正上方,C(under)表正下方,D(above)表上方(非正),均排除。
答案:B。考查时间介词since/for辨析。since接过去时间点(2019年),搭配现在完成时(has lived),符合句意。选项A(for)接时间段,C(after)表“……之后”(不搭配完成时),D(in)接年/月(不搭配完成时),均排除。
答案:C。考查介词for/against辨析。for表“支持”,与against(反对)相反,结合“good for our life”可知是支持。选项A(with)表伴随,B(against)表反对,D(from)表来源,均排除。
答案:C。考查方位介词辨析。to表示两地不接壤、隔海相望(日本与中国不接壤),故用to。选项A(in)表境内,B(on)表接壤,D(off)表海上,均排除。
二、完形填空
答案:A。考查地点介词辨析。in the countryside为固定搭配,表“在乡下”,in接较大的区域(乡村属于区域范畴)。选项B(on)表表面,C(at)接小地点,D(to)表方向,均排除。
答案:A。考查介词with辨析。with表“带有、具有”,此处修饰place,说明地方的特征(有树和花)。选项B(without)表“没有”,C(for)表目的,D(against)表反对,均排除。
答案:B。考查地点介词辨析。arrive at后接较小、较具体的地点(campsite营地为小地点)。选项A(in)接大地点,C(on)表表面,D(to)不与arrive搭配,均排除。
答案:B。考查介词for辨析。for表“给……、为……”,此处表“为我们准备食物”,对象是us。选项A(to)表方向,C(with)表伴随,D(by)表工具,均排除。
答案:A。考查地点介词辨析。beside表“在……旁边”,符合“坐在火边”的语境。选项B(over)表正上方,C(under)表正下方,D(above)表上方(非正),均排除。
答案:A。考查运动方向介词辨析。along表“沿着、顺着”,walk along the river为“沿河散步”,符合语境。选项A(across)表平面穿越,B(through)表空间穿越,D(up)表向上,均排除。
答案:A。考查地点介词辨析。in表“在……内部”,鱼在水里(空间内部),故用in。选项B(on)表表面,C(above)表上方,D(below)表下方,均排除。
答案:C。考查地点介词辨析。near表“在……附近”,符合“营地附近的山”的语境。选项A(in)表内部,B(on)表表面,D(off)表海上,均排除。
答案:B。考查介词短语辨析。at the end of + 名词(the day),表“在……结束时”。选项A(In)构成in the end(单独作状语,不接宾语),C(By)构成by the end of(搭配完成时),D(For)不与the end搭配,均排除。
答案:A。考查介词in辨析。in nature为固定搭配,表“在自然中、亲近自然”。选项B(on)表表面,C(with)表伴随,D(against)表反对,均排除。
三、短文填空
答案:in。考查地点介词辨析。live in + 城市/国家等大地点(a small city为城市,属于大地点范畴),故填in。
答案:in。考查方位介词辨析。in the south of China表“在中国南部”,城市位于中国境内,故填in。
答案:by。考查介词by辨析。by + 交通工具(无冠词),表“乘坐某种交通工具”,by bike为固定搭配,故填by。
答案:for。考查时间介词辨析。for + 时间段(5 years为时间段),搭配现在完成时(have learned),故填for。
答案:on。考查易混淆介词on辨析。advice on + 话题(表“关于……的建议”),on用于较严肃的指导类话题,故填on。
答案:on。考查易混淆介词on辨析。speech contest on + 话题(表“关于……的演讲比赛”),on用于严肃的学术/学习类话题,故填on。
答案:about。考查易混淆介词about辨析。talk about为固定搭配,表“谈论……”,about用于日常叙事类话题(学习经历为日常内容),故填about。
答案:At。考查介词短语辨析。at the end of + 名词(the contest),表“在……结束时”,句首首字母大写,故填At。
答案:on。考查易混淆介词on辨析。a book on + 话题(表“关于……的专业书籍”),英语语法为学术话题,故填on。
答案:at。考查介词at辨析。work hard at + 学科/事情,表“努力钻研……”,为固定搭配,故填at。
四、任务型阅读
答案:from。考查介词from...to...辨析。from...to...为固定搭配,表“从……到……”(时间/地点范围),结合后文的to 6:00 p.m.,故填from。
答案:by。考查介词by辨析。by + 交通工具(bus前有路线编号,仍用by),表“乘坐某种交通工具”,故填by。
答案:to。考查介词to辨析。entrance to + 地点,表“……的入口”,为固定搭配,故填to。
答案:in。考查地点介词辨析。in the north part of + 地点,表“在……的北部区域”,in接空间内部(熊猫在动物园内部区域),故填in。
答案:near。考查地点介词辨析。结合后文“one after another(依次)”,可知老虎和熊猫位置相近,near表“在……附近”,符合语境,故填near。

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览