Unit 2 Getting along 词汇、短语和句型背记 -2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

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Unit 2 Getting along 词汇、短语和句型背记 -2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级上册

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Unit 2 Getting along 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
shout / a t/ 大声说;呼喊 v. 搭配shout at sb.(对某人大喊),例:The Giant shouted at the children in his garden angrily.(巨人愤怒地对花园里的孩子们大喊)
build /b ld/ 建造;搭建 v. 过去式/过去分词built,搭配build a wall(砌墙),例:He built a high wall around the garden to keep children out.(他在花园周围砌了一堵高墙,不让孩子们进来)
since /s ns/ 自从……以来;既然 prep./conj. 后接时间点/从句,例:Since then, he hasn’t seen a child in the garden.(从那以后,他再也没在花园里见过孩子)
nor /n / 也不 conj. 用于否定句后表补充否定,例:Spring never came, nor summer.(春天没来,夏天也没来)
hole /h l/ 洞;孔 n. 可数名词,搭配a hole in the wall(墙上的洞),例:The Giant saw a hole in the wall and children in the trees.(巨人看到墙上有个洞,树上都是孩子)
glad /ɡl d/ 高兴的;乐意的 adj. 搭配be glad to do sth.(乐意做某事),例:The trees were so glad that they covered themselves with flowers.(树们太高兴了,浑身都开满了花)
afraid / fre d/ 害怕的;恐惧的 adj. 搭配be afraid of(害怕……)、be afraid to do sth.(不敢做某事),例:The children looked afraid when the Giant knocked down the wall.(巨人拆墙时,孩子们看起来很害怕)
message / mes d / 寓意;信息 n. 可数名词,搭配the message of the story(故事的寓意),例:The message of “The Selfish Giant” is “Shared joy is a double joy”.(《自私的巨人》的寓意是“分享的快乐是双倍的快乐”)
understanding / nd st nd / 理解;体谅 n. 不可数名词,搭配mutual understanding(相互理解),例:Understanding between friends is very important.(朋友间的相互理解非常重要)
return /r t n/ 返回;归还 v. 搭配return to sp.(回到某地)、return sth. to sb.(把某物还给某人),例:The children returned to the garden after the Giant knocked down the wall.(巨人拆墙后,孩子们回到了花园)
respect /r spekt/ 尊重;顾及 v./n. 动词:respect others’ feelings(尊重他人感受);名词:show respect for(对……表示尊重),例:True friends will respect your feelings.(真正的朋友会尊重你的感受)
argue / ɑ ɡju / 争论;争吵 v. 搭配argue over sth.(为某事争论),例:The two families argued over the dividing line between their houses.(两户人家为房屋的分界线争论不休)
reach /ri t / 达成;到达 v. 搭配reach agreement(达成一致)、reach sp.(到达某地),例:They couldn’t reach agreement on the dividing line.(他们在分界线上无法达成一致)
agreement / ɡri m nt/ 一致;协议 n. 可数名词,搭配reach an agreement(达成协议),例:Finally, the two families reached an agreement through kindness.(最终,两户人家通过友善达成了一致)
neighbour / ne b / 邻居;邻人 n. 可数名词,搭配get along with neighbours(与邻居相处),例:The Zhangs and the Wus were neighbours in Tongcheng.(张家和吴家是桐城的邻居)
allow / la / 允许;容许 v. 搭配allow sb. to do sth.(允许某人做某事),例:The Giant allowed the children to play in his garden.(巨人允许孩子们在他的花园里玩耍)
offer / f / 提供;给予 v./n. 动词:offer sth. to sb.(给某人提供某物);名词:an offer of help(主动提供帮助),例:Uncle Jimmy offers free ice creams on his birthday every year.(吉米叔叔每年生日都会免费提供冰淇淋)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
knock down 拆除;撞倒 The Giant knocked down the high wall and invited children to the garden.(巨人拆了高墙,邀请孩子们来花园)
reach agreement 达成一致 After talking patiently, the two families finally reached agreement.(经过耐心沟通,两户人家最终达成了一致)
in return 作为回报;反过来 The Zhang family stepped back three chi, and the Wu family did the same in return.(张家退让了三尺,吴家也反过来退让了三尺)
keep...in mind 牢记;记住 People of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.(桐城人至今仍牢记着那首诗)
argue over 为……争论 Don’t argue over small things with your friends.(不要和朋友为小事争论)
share with 与……分享 Sharing happiness with others makes it double.(与他人分享快乐,快乐会加倍)
look after 照顾;照料 Please look after your children and don’t let them kick others’ seats.(请照看好你的孩子,不要让他们踢别人的座位)
come out of 从……中走出;摆脱 With his friends’ help, he came out of the sadness of the argument.(在朋友的帮助下,他从争论的悲伤中走了出来)
step back 退让;后退 Sometimes stepping back can solve conflicts better.(有时候退让能更好地解决矛盾)
be glad to 乐意做…… I’m glad to share my snacks with my classmates.(我乐意和同学分享我的零食)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
Sb. have/has been + adj./at sp. + for/since... 某人保持某种状态/在某地待了……时间(现在完成时) The Giant has been alone in the garden for a long time.(巨人独自在花园里待了很久) 强调状态持续,for接时间段,since接时间点/从句
Sb. have/has shared...with...for/since... 某人与……分享……已有……时间 I have shared my toys with my brother since we were little.(我从小就和弟弟分享我的玩具) 适配分享经历描述,贴合单元主题
That sounds difficult. / I’m sorry to hear that. 那听起来很难。/ 听到这个我很遗憾。 A: I argued with my best friend. B: That sounds difficult. Why not talk to him (A:我和最好的朋友吵架了。B:那听起来很难办,为什么不和他谈谈呢?) 表达安慰的常用句型,拉近人际距离
You could try doing sth. / You’d better do sth. 你可以试试做某事。/ 你最好做某事。 You could try saying sorry first if you hurt your friend.(如果你伤害了朋友,你可以试试先道歉) 给他人相处建议,语气委婉实用
Sharing has taught/shown me... 分享教会了/让我明白了…… Sharing ice creams has shown Uncle Jimmy that giving brings happiness.(分享冰淇淋让吉米叔叔明白付出能带来快乐) 总结分享的收获,适配单元主题升华
It’s important to + 动词原形. 做某事很重要。 It’s important to respect others’ feelings when getting along.(相处时尊重他人感受很重要) 强调相处的重要原则,强化主题认知
Sb. did sth. in return for... 某人为了回报……做了某事 The Wu family stepped back three chi in return for the Zhangs’ kindness.(吴家为了回报张家的友善,退让了三尺) 描述互惠行为,贴合“六尺巷”故事语境

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