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上海市闵行区2024-2025学年上学期八年级英语期末抽样调研试卷
一、Ⅱ. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案):(共10分)
1．（2025八上·闵行期末）A few moments later, Peters and his crew escaped ________ the door to freedom.
A．behind B．against C．beyond D．through
2．（2025八上·闵行期末）Nobody ________ enter the building without a key card or a password.
A．can B．should C．must D．need
3．（2025八上·闵行期末）The competition in the film industry will become even ________ in 2025.
A．fierce B．fiercer C．fiercest D．the fiercest
4．（2025八上·闵行期末）Jack failed ________ the deadline because his computer broke down.
A．met B．meet C．meeting D．to meet
5．（2025八上·闵行期末）The noise from the planes caused a lot of ________ for the people nearby.
A．problem B．question C．report D．trouble
6．（2025八上·闵行期末）People in Tianjin are well-known for ________ sense of humour and relaxing lifestyle.
A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
7．（2025八上·闵行期末）Some people waste too much time ________ instead of taking action.
A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．to waiting
8．（2025八上·闵行期末）I managed to arrive in time for the meeting ________ there was a lot of traffic.
A．until B．because C．if D．though
9．（2025八上·闵行期末）You'd better book the tickets on line, ________ you'll have to pay a higher price.
A．or B．but C．and D．so
10．（2025八上·闵行期末）On March 16, President Micron ________ the nation's retirement age from 62 to 64.
A．raises B．raised C．is raising D．was raised
二、Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once
（2025八上·闵行期末）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次。
A. finally B. excited C. never D. returned E. happened F. introduced
Elephants are known for having good, long memories. Now, research by scientists at the University of Wuppertal, in Germany, suggests that elephants　11． 　 forget the smell of a family member's pool (粪便).
The scientists observed what　12． 　 when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants—two mother-daughter pairs. They hadn't seen each other for a long time: one for two years and the other for 12 years.
Before bringing the elephants back together, the researchers　13． 　 each mother to her child's poo, along with droppings from other elephants. The elephants didn't pay attention to the droppings of animals unrelated to them. However, when they smelled their family member's poo, they got　14． 　 waving their ears and making noises.
Not all scientists agree that the experiment proves elephants have good memories, just because they seem to recognize a smell. However, when the elephants　15． 　 met each other again, they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging. They did something that we would call a greeting.
三、Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词)：(共5分)
16．（2025八上·闵行期末）The forest is full of 　 　 things, from tiny insects to large animals. (live)
17．（2025八上·闵行期末）I can feel the 　 　 on my face when I walk in the sunny park. (hot)
18．（2025八上·闵行期末）The storm was so 　 　 that it knocked down several trees on the street.(power)
19．（2025八上·闵行期末）My mother always greets me with a 　 　 look when I come home late. (worry)
20．（2025八上·闵行期末）It was an 　 　 sight to see the streets empty in the middle of the day. (usual)
四、V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求, 改写下列句子。41-44题,每空格限填一词。45题注意句首大写)：(共10分)
21．（2025八上·闵行期末）Tina and her brother hid behind some bushes. (改为一般疑问句)
　 　 Tina and her brother 　 　 behind any bushes
22．（2025八上·闵行期末）About twice a week the driver collects Wendy from school. (对划线部分提问)
　 　　 　 does the driver collect Wendy from school
23．（2025八上·闵行期末）I'm sure that Wendy is one of the top students in the city. (保持句意基本不变)
Wendy 　 　 one of the top students in the city.
24．（2025八上·闵行期末）"Can you help me, dad " said the child to his father. (改为简单句)
The child asked his father for 　 　.
25．（2025八上·闵行期末）near a great cliff, gently, of black rock, brought us down, our pilot, in a valley (连词成句)
　 　.
五、Ⅵ. Reading comprehension(阅读理解): (共38分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）
https:// www.
Since 1980 Garden Middle School Tel:021-87456210 Email: office@ gardenschool.
About News Activities Calendars International
Expectations This guide is written so that everyone at school knows what they should do. Each person has small tasks to do, but when everyone works together, the school can achieve something really great.
School rules All students should behave responsibly, being kind and respectful to themselves and others. Always show care and say "thank you" to people. In addition: · Running, shouting, or fighting inside the school is not allowed. · If you use electronic devices, keep the sound low so you don't disturb others. · Chewing gum is not allowed. · If you break something by accident, tell a teacher or duty staff right away. · Always put paper and other trash in the bins.
Lights out and quiet time Lights out times are set by age, starting at 8:45 pm and finishing at 11:00 p.m. These times are followed strictly during the week but are a bit moreflexible on weekends. Students in Years 12 and 13 have quiet time starting at 10:30 p.m.. Years 12 and 13 are encouraged to manage their own time to prepare for life outside of school.
Weekend leave Parents must request a weekend leave by Thursday before the weekend. It's better in writing, but sometimes a phone call to the Office is okay.
26．What is type of the text above
A．Story. B．Report. C．Interview. D．Webpage.
27．Which word will you click in the navigation bar to find this text
A．About. B．News. C．Activities. D．Calendars.
28．Every student in Garden School is expected to ________.
A．do small tasks B．write a guide
C．work together D．achieve something great
29．You are not allowed to ________ in Garden School according to the rules.
A．chew gum B．use electronic devices
C．argue with teachers D．put trash in the bins
30．The underlined word "flexible" is closest in meaning to ________.
A．enjoyable B．changeable C．possible D．forgettable
31．If a student wants to ask for a weekend leave, he has to ________ first.
A．call the school office B．write an email
C．ask his parents D．book in advance
六、B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):(6分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）Be an inventor!
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it's true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 32． .
Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new.
Well, inventing means creating something "new", but the idea could come from something that already 33． . The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a "flying machine" from watching birds.
Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made.
There are a lot of factors (因素) that make innovation 34． . Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 35． for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten.
Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was "99% hard work and 1% inspiration"! Very successful creators don't 36． when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, "A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!"
Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are always 37． people.
Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor: Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today.
32．A．truth B．cause C．detail D．land
33．A．happens B．finishes C．exists D．matters
34．A．easy B．possible C．special D．interesting
35．A．fought B．dreamed C．argued D．practised
36．A．give up B．run away C．work hard D．turn back
37．A．clever B．healthy C．old D．strange
七、C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
（2025八上·闵行期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
If you had one million dollars to spend, would you buy a famous painting Most people would not think of buying art. They see art as something u　38． 　. While many people enjoy looking at pieces of art, not many would pay a lot of money for it. Perhaps this is why some people are s　39． 　 when a piece of art sells for a huge amount of money.
Why are some art pieces so expensive Who d　40． 　 how much art is worth anyway Works by famous artists, such as Monet or Picasso, are worth a lot of money. But the value may go up or down depending on whether the work is real and how r　41． 　 it is. For newer or less-known artists, the value of their art often depends on an art expert's opinion.
However, sometimes the value of art doesn't f　42． 　 any clear-rules. For example, Jackson Pollock is best-known for his paintings that look like paint on a canvas. Yet, his paintings sell for millions. Another artist's photograph of a s　43． 　 brown potato sold for more than a million dollars. These are examples of when the value given to a piece of art may confuse some.
In the end, the value of a piece of art depends on each person. What may s　44． 　 worthless to one person could be very valuable to another. Finally, the buyer determines how much a piece of art is worth. The value of art becomes the price someone is willing to pay for it.
八、D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题):(12分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）My name is Jerry. Last year, I went on holiday to the French Alps with my parents and brother. We all love climbing mountains. We didn't plan to climb really high, just some smaller but challenging climbs.
On the first day, we climbed a 50-metre cliff. It wasn't very hard, and we all reached the top in about two hours. The view from the top was amazing. It was 11 a.m., and the sun was warming the rocks. We didn't want to go down in the hot sun, so we decided to wait a while and look around. My brother and I went to explore some nearby caves. We had done some caving before and these caves looked exciting. They were dark and deep. After going inside for about 10 metres, the passage became very narrow. I told my brother we should go back, but he wanted to continue. He thought he could hear water and believed there was an underground lake ahead.
I wasn't sure, but my brother squeezed through the narrow gap. He called me to follow. I was scared, but I tried to go through too. It was pitch black, and I couldn't see anything. Then I got stuck. I couldn't move. I shouted for my brother, but he couldn't help me. He couldn't leave the cave to get help because I was blocking his way.
After ten minutes, I started to feel dizzy (眩晕) and weak. My brother kept talking to me to keep me awake. Finally, the rescue team arrived. They knew exactly what to do. They sprayed something on the rocks, and gently pulled me free. I felt so happy to be out! My brother squeezed back through without any problem.
Out of the cave, my brother said to my parents. "________"
45．What was the family's plan
　 　
46．How long did it take them to climb the 50-metre cliff
　 　
47．Why did the family decide to wait a while and look around
　 　
48．Did Jerry and his brother explore some caves before
　 　
49．How did Jerry feel when he got stuck
　 　
50．What did Jerry's brother say to his parents Please fill in the blank with at least two sentences.
　 　
九、71. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.(根据以下情境写一篇不少于 60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
51．（2025八上·闵行期末）寒假即将到来，学校将给家长发一份"通知"。假如你是学生会成员，请帮助拟定一份通知，字数不少于60个词，标点符号不占格。通知内容包含假期时间，假期作业，活动安排，安全提示等内容。
Winter Holiday Notice
Dates January 18—February 16
Holiday homework · Read a story book · Write a book review · Share the review online
Holiday activities ·A visit to Shanghai Museum on January 21 · Volunteer work in your community.
Safety tips · Stay warm · Travel safely · Be careful with fire …(Add more tips as needed).
Dear parents,
The winter holiday is coming.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards
答案解析部分
1．【答案】D
【知识点】方位介词across, through, past, over, along, down的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：过了一会儿，彼得斯和他的同伴们通过通往自由的那扇门逃了出去。behind 在……后面；against 靠着、反对；beyond 超出；through 通过。结合语句 "A few moments later, Peters and his crew escaped … the door to freedom." 可知，escape和door搭配时，用through表示"从门中间穿过"的动作，符合"逃出去"的语境，其他介词的语义与句子逻辑不相符，因此through为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查介词的词义辨析。解题需牢记：through强调从物体内部穿过；behind强调在物体后方；against强调倚靠或对抗；beyond强调超出范围。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】can, could表示能力
【解析】【分析】句意：没有门禁卡或密码，任何人都不能进入这栋大楼。can 能够、可以；should 应该；must 必须；need 需要。结合语句 "Nobody … enter the building without a key card or a password." 可知，本句强调的是"没有证件就不具备进入的能力"，can用于否定句中可表示"不能"，符合语境；should侧重建议，must侧重强制要求，need侧重需求，均不符合句子逻辑，因此can为正确答案，故答案为A。
【点评】考查情态动词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：can表示能力或许可；should表示建议；must表示强制或义务；need表示需求，需结合语境判断情态动词的语义。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级与最高级的构成规则；形容词比较级的修饰词
【解析】【分析】句意：2025年电影行业的竞争将会变得更加激烈。fierce 激烈的，形容词原级；fiercer 更激烈的，形容词比较级；fiercest 最激烈的，形容词最高级；the fiercest 最激烈的，带定冠词的形容词最高级。结合语句 "The competition in the film industry will become even … in 2025." 可知，副词even常用来修饰形容词的比较级，强调程度的进一步加深，fierce的比较级形式为fiercer，因此fiercer为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级的用法。解题需牢记：副词even可修饰形容词比较级，用来加强比较的语气；形容词比较级的构成，单音节词直接加-er，部分双音节词和多音节词前加more。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：杰克因为电脑坏了而没能赶上截止日期。met 赶上，动词过去式；meet 赶上，动词原形；meeting 赶上，动名词；to meet 赶上，动词不定式。结合语句 "Jack failed … the deadline because his computer broke down." 可知，fail后接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配fail to do sth.，表示"未能做某事"，因此to meet为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查动词fail的固定搭配。解题需牢记：fail to do sth.是固定用法，意为"未能做某事"，fail后不能直接接动词原形、动名词或过去式。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：飞机的噪音给附近的人们带来了很多困扰。problem 问题，可数名词；question 疑问，可数名词；report 报告，可数名词；trouble 麻烦，困扰，不可数名词。结合语句 "The noise from the planes caused a lot of … for the people nearby." 可知，a lot of后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词，problem和question若用在此处需变为复数形式，report的语义与语境不相符，trouble为不可数名词，符合语法规则和句意，因此trouble为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查名词的词义和数的辨析。解题需牢记：a lot of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；trouble表示"麻烦"时为不可数名词，problem侧重需要解决的具体问题，question侧重需要回答的疑问。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：天津人因他们的幽默感和闲适的生活方式而闻名。they 他们，人称代词主格；them 他们，人称代词宾格；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。结合语句 "People in Tianjin are well-known for … sense of humour and relaxing lifestyle." 可知，空格处需要修饰名词短语sense of humour，要用形容词性物主代词来表示所属关系，their符合语法规则和语境，因此their为正确答案，故答案为C。
【点评】考查人称代词和物主代词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，用来修饰限定名词；名词性物主代词后不接名词，可单独作主语或宾语；人称代词主格作主语，宾格作宾语。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一些人浪费了太多时间等待，而不是采取行动。wait 等待，动词原形；waiting 等待，动名词/现在分词；to wait 等待，动词不定式；to waiting 等待，错误搭配。结合语句 "Some people waste too much time … instead of taking action." 可知，waste后接时间时，常用固定搭配waste time (in) doing sth.，表示"浪费时间做某事"，介词in可以省略，因此waiting为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词waste的固定搭配。解题需牢记：waste time/money (in) doing sth.是固定用法，意为"浪费时间/金钱做某事"，后面要接动名词形式。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】although / though引导让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管交通很拥堵，我还是设法准时赶到了会议现场。until 直到……为止；because 因为；if 如果；though 尽管。结合语句 "I managed to arrive in time for the meeting … there was a lot of traffic." 可知，"准时赶到会议"和"交通拥堵"之间是转折关系，though用来引导让步状语从句，符合句子逻辑，其他连词的语义与语境不匹配，因此though为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查连词的词义辨析。解题需牢记：though引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管、虽然"；because引导原因状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】表选择关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：你最好在网上订票，否则你就得付更高的价钱。or 否则；but 但是；and 和、并且；so 因此。结合语句 "You'd better book the tickets on line, … you'll have to pay a higher price." 可知，前半句是提出建议，后半句是不遵循建议会产生的结果，or用于连接这种"建议+反向结果"的并列句，符合语境逻辑，因此or为正确答案，故答案为A。
【点评】考查并列连词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：or可表示"否则"，用于警告或提醒不做某事的后果；but表示转折关系；and表示并列或顺承关系；so表示因果关系。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：3月16日，马克龙总统将国家的退休年龄从62岁提高到了64岁。raises 提高，动词第三人称单数形式（一般现在时）；raised 提高，动词过去式（一般过去时）；is raising 正在提高，现在进行时；was raised 被提高，一般过去时的被动语态。结合语句 "On March 16, President Micron … the nation's retirement age from 62 to 64." 可知，时间状语On March 16是过去的具体日期，句子要用一般过去时；主语President Micron和动词raise之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，因此raised为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的用法及主动被动语态的判断。解题需牢记：过去的具体时间点或日期对应的动作用一般过去时；判断主动还是被动语态，要看主语和动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。
【答案】11．C；12．E；13．F；14．B；15．A
【知识点】频度副词；过去式和过去分词；科普类；说明文；时间副词
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了德国伍珀塔尔大学的一项研究，该研究表明大象有着超强的记忆力，不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味，且久别重逢的大象会以自己的方式打招呼。
A. finally，副词，最终；B. excited，形容词，兴奋的；C. never，副词，从不；D. returned，动词，返回；E. happened，动词，发生；F. introduced，动词，介绍。
【点评】考查选词填空。解题需结合上下文语境，匹配选项词汇的语义和词性，同时注意时态一致和固定搭配的使用。
11．句意：现在，德国伍珀塔尔大学的科学家们的研究表明，大象永远不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味。根据"Elephants are known for having good, long memories."可知，此处是说大象永远不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味，备选词never"从不"符合语境，此处指的是从不忘记家庭成员粪便的气味。故选C。
12．句意：科学家们观察了一个德国动物园让两对大象——两对母女象重聚时所发生的情况。根据"when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants—two mother-daughter pairs"可知，此处指的是两对母女象重聚时所发生的情况，备选词happened"发生"符合语境，描述过去发生的动作，动词填过去式，故选E。
13．句意：在把大象重新聚集在一起之前，研究人员向每只大象母亲介绍了她孩子的粪便，以及其他大象的粪便。根据"each mother to her child's poo,"可知，此处指的介绍孩子的粪便，备选词introduced"介绍"符合语境。故选F。
14．句意：然而，当它们闻到家人的便便时，它们会兴奋地摆动耳朵并发出声音。根据"waving their ears and making noises."可知，它们变得兴奋，备选词excited"感到兴奋的"符合语境，作表语。故选B。
15．句意：然而，当大象终于再次相遇时，它们似乎用大象的方式拥抱。根据"met each other again, they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging."可知，此处指的是终于再次相遇，备选词finally"最终"，修饰动词met。故选A。
16．【答案】living
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：这片森林里到处都是生物，从微小的昆虫到大型的动物。"live"，"居住；生活"，动词/形容词。根据语句 "The forest is full of … things, from tiny insects to large animals" 可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词"things"，"living"表示"活的、有生命的"，符合语境，故答案为 living。
【点评】考查"live"的词性转换，注意"living"作形容词表"活的"，与"alive"的用法区分开。
17．【答案】heat
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在阳光明媚的公园里散步时，我能感受到脸上的热度。"hot"，"热的"，形容词。根据语句 "I can feel the … on my face when I walk in the sunny park" 可知，定冠词"the"后需接名词，故答案为 heat。
【点评】考查形容词变名词的用法，注意"hot"的名词形式为"heat"，为不可数名词。
18．【答案】powerful
【知识点】形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：这场暴风雨太猛烈了，刮倒了街上的好几棵树。"power"，"力量"，名词。根据语句 "The storm was so … that it knocked down several trees on the street" 可知，"so+形容词+that从句"是固定结构，此处需用形容词作表语，故答案为 powerful。
【点评】考查名词变形容词的用法，注意"power"加后缀"-ful"构成形容词"powerful"。
19．【答案】worried
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：当我回家晚的时候，妈妈总是用担忧的神情迎接我。"worry"，"担心；担忧"，动词/名词。根据语句 "My mother always greets me with a … look when I come home late" 可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词"look"，"worried"表示"担忧的"，符合语境，故答案为 worried。
【点评】考查动词变形容词的用法，注意"worried"多用来描述人的感受或表情。
20．【答案】unusual
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：中午时分街道上空无一人，这是一幅不寻常的景象。"usual"，"通常的、寻常的"，形容词。根据语句 "It was an … sight to see the streets empty in the middle of the day" 可知，不定冠词"an"后接元音音素开头的单词，且结合语境需用"usual"的反义词，故答案为 unusual。
【点评】考查形容词的反义词变化，注意"usual"加前缀"un-"构成反义词"unusual"。
21．【答案】Did；hide
【知识点】一般疑问句；一般过去时；助动词do
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜和她的哥哥躲在了一些灌木丛后面。根据要求将原句"Tina and her brother hid behind some bushes"改为一般疑问句，补全"…Tina and her brother … behind any bushes "中的空缺。结合语句可知，原句谓语动词"hid"是"hide"的过去式，判断句子时态为一般过去时；实义动词的一般过去时变一般疑问句，需借助助动词"Did"，且"Did"后接动词原形"hide"；同时原句中的"some"在疑问句中需改为"any"，故答案为Did，hide。
【点评】考查一般过去时实义动词的一般疑问句改写。解题思路是先根据谓语动词的过去式判断时态为一般过去时，再确定借助助动词"Did"引导疑问句，同时将实义动词还原为原形，注意"some"与"any"的转换规则，确保改写后的疑问句符合语法规则。
22．【答案】How；often
【知识点】特殊疑问句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这位司机大约每周两次去学校接温迪。根据要求对画线部分"twice a week"这一频率进行提问，补全"… does the driver collect Wendy from school "中的空缺。结合语句可知，划线部分"twice a week"表示动作发生的频率，对频率提问需用固定疑问词组"how often"，故答案为How ，often。
【点评】考查对动作频率的特殊疑问句改写。解题思路是先识别划线部分的属性（频率），确定对应的疑问词组为"how often"；再借助助动词"does"构成疑问句结构，确保问句能精准询问动作的发生频率，符合语法规则。
23．【答案】must be
【知识点】must表示推测
【解析】【分析】句意：我确信温迪是这个城市里最优秀的学生之一。根据要求将原句的宾语从句结构改写为简单句，补全"Wendy … one of the top students in the city."中的空缺。结合语句可知，"I'm sure that..."表达的是一种肯定的推测，对应的同义表达可以用情态动词"must"加动词原形，must be 意为"一定是"，能够体现原句的肯定语气，故答案为must be。
【点评】考查宾语从句与简单句的同义转换。解题思路是明确"I'm sure that..."的语义等同于"must be"引导的肯定推测；直接用must be替换原句的从句结构，确保转换后的句子语法正确、语义与原句保持一致。
24．【答案】help
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意："爸爸，你能帮我吗？"孩子对爸爸说。根据要求将原句的直接引语改为简单句，补全"The child asked his father for …."中的空缺。结合语句可知，原句核心语义是"孩子向爸爸寻求帮助"，"ask sb. for help"是固定搭配，意为"向某人寻求帮助"，故答案为help。
【点评】考查直接引语变简单句的句式转换。解题思路是提炼原句的核心动作（寻求帮助），匹配对应的固定短语"ask sb. for help"，直接用名词"help"补全句子，确保转换后的句子语法正确、语义与原句一致。
25．【答案】Our pilot brought us down gently in a valley near a great cliff of black rock
【知识点】肯定陈述句；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】near a great cliff 在一座巨大的悬崖旁，gently 轻轻地（副词），of black rock 黑色岩石的（介词短语作定语），brought us down 带我们降落（bring down的过去式短语），our pilot 我们的飞行员，in a valley 在一个山谷里。根据单词含义和结构可知为陈述句，主谓宾结构明确，句意：我们的飞行员轻轻地把我们降落在一座黑色岩石巨崖旁的山谷里。our pilot 作主语，brought us down 作谓语和宾语，gently 作副词修饰谓语动词，in a valley 作地点状语，near a great cliff of black rock 作后置定语修饰valley，按"主语+谓语+宾语+副词+地点状语+定语"的顺序排列。故答案为 Our pilot brought us down gently in a valley near a great cliff of black rock.
【点评】考查连词成句。需掌握副词修饰动词的位置（谓语后或句首），以及多个地点状语和定语的排列顺序（小地点在前，大地点或定语在后），结合词义逻辑梳理语序即可组成正确句子。
【答案】26．D
27．A
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．D
【知识点】说明文；学校生活；细节理解；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了花园中学的网站的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26．推理判断题。根据"https:// www."可知，文章来源为学校网站，目的是向学生和家长提供信息，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据"在导航栏中单击哪个单词来查找该文本"以及"https:// www."可知，点击"about"可知找到相关内容。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据"but when everyone works together, the school can achieve something really great"可知，强调了大家需要共同努力。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据规则"Chewing gum is not allowed"可知，禁止嚼口香糖，故选A。
30．词义猜测题。根据"These times are followed strictly during the week but are a bit more flexible on weekends."可知，这一句说的是灯熄的时间在周末会更加"灵活"，"flexible"一词在原文中描述时间安排可以稍作调整，最接近"changeable"，故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据"Parents must request a weekend leave by Thursday before the weekend. It's better in writing, but sometimes a phone call to the Office is okay."可知，如果学生想要请假，家长必须在周四前就先申请，说明要提前预约。故选D。
【答案】32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D；36．A；37．C
【知识点】其他题材；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了关于发明的一些常见错误观点，并通过举例来纠正这些错误认知，告诉人们任何人都可以成为发明家。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先，先通读全文，跳过缺失单词，在根据上下文的含义来确定所缺部分单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选择正确的一项。
32．句意：也许你对发明有错误的认知，所以继续读下去，去发现真相吧。truth真相；cause原因；detail细节；land土地。根据"Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover ..."可知，前面说有关于发明的错误观点，因此这里是说要去发现关于发明的正确的东西，也就是真相。truth"真相"，符合语境。故选A。
33．句意：嗯，发明意味着创造"新"的东西，但这个想法可能来自己经存在的事物。happens发生；finishes完成；exists存在；matters重要。根据下文"The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a ‘flying machine' from watching birds."可知，发明的想法可以来自己经存在的事物，exists"存在"，符合语境。故选C。
34．句意：有很多因素使得创新成为可能。easy容易；possible可能；special特别；interesting有趣。根据"Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity."可知，后文所举莫扎特的例子，说明有很多因素使得创新成为可能，"make innovation possible"表示"使创新成为可能"，possible"可能"，符合语境。故选B。
35．句意：他的父亲是一名音乐老师，莫扎特从幼儿园开始每天都要练习好几个小时。fought战斗；dreamed梦想；argued争论；practised练习。根据"But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart ... for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten."可知，影响莫扎特创造力的因素不仅仅是他的音乐天赋，后期的勤奋练习也是一个很重要的因素，此处指的是他从幼儿园开始每天都要练习好几个小时，practised"练习"，符合语境。故选D。
36．句意：非常成功的创造者在犯错时不会放弃。give up放弃；run away逃跑；work hard努力工作；turn back回头。根据"Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was ‘99% hard work and 1% inspiration'!"以及"As one inventor said, ‘A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!'"可知，成功的发明家认为失败是正常的，并且发明需要大量努力，所以当他们犯错时，不会轻易放弃，give up"放弃"，符合语境。故选A。
37．句意：错误认知三：发明家总是年长者。clever聪明的；healthy健康的；old年老的；strange奇怪的。根据"Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor ..."可知，这里是纠正人们认为发明家总是年龄大的人的错误观点，因此old"年老的"，符合语境。故选C。
【答案】38．(u)seless；39．(s)urprised；40．(d)ecides；41．(r)are；42．(f)ollow；43．(s)imple；44．(s)eem
【知识点】动词原形；议论文；特征形容词；叙述（表语）形容词
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文探讨了艺术品价值的决定因素，指出艺术品的价值并非有统一标准，既和作品真伪、稀有度、专家评价相关，最终还取决于买家的主观意愿。
【点评】考查首字母填空。解题需结合首字母提示和文中语句确定单词含义，同时关注主谓一致、情态动词和助动词后接动词原形、形容词的句法功能等语法规则，确保答案符合语境和语法逻辑。
38．句意：他们认为艺术是无用的东西。根据"Most people would not think of buying art."可知是因为认为艺术是无用的东西所以不买，useless"无用的"，故填(u)seless。
39．句意：也许这就是为什么当一件艺术品卖出天价时，有些人会感到惊讶。根据"Perhaps this is why some people are…when a piece of art sells for a huge amount of money."可知当艺术品卖出高价时人们会感到惊讶，surprised"惊讶的"，修饰人。故填(s)urprised。
40．句意：谁决定艺术品到底值多少钱呢？根据"Who…how much art is worth anyway "可知是询问谁决定艺术品的价值，decide"决定"，一般现在时，主语是who，看作单数，动词用三单形式，故填(d)ecides。
41．句意：但它的价值可能会根据作品是否真实以及它的稀有程度而上升或下降。根据"But the value may go up or down depending on whether the work is real and how…it is."可知艺术品的价值取决于是否真实和稀有程度，rare"稀有的"，故填(r)are。
42．句意：然而，有时艺术品的价值并不遵循任何明确的规则。根据"However, sometimes the value of art doesn't…any clear-rules."可知艺术品的价值并不遵循规则，follow"遵循"，doesn't后接动词原形，故填(f)ollow。
43．句意：另一位艺术家的简单的棕色土豆照片售价超过100万美元。根据"Another artist's photograph of a…brown potato sold for more than a million dollars."可知是简单的棕色的土豆照片，simple"简单的"，故填(s)imple。
44．句意：对一个人来说可能似乎一文不值的东西对另一个人来说可能非常有价值。根据"What may…worthless to one person could be very valuable to another."可知是似乎一文不值的东西，seem"似乎"，may后接动词原形，故填(s)eem。
【答案】45．Their plan was to climb some smaller but challenging mountains.
46．It took them about two hours.
47．Because they didn't want to go down in the hot sun.
48．Yes, they did.
49．He felt scared, dizzy and weak.
50．I'm really sorry. It was my fault. I shouldn't have insisted on going deeper. I was so worried about Jerry when he got stuck. I'm so glad he is safe now. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
【知识点】记叙文；业余活动；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了杰瑞和家人去法国阿尔卑斯山度假时发生的事情。他们去爬山，爬完山后杰瑞和哥哥去探索附近的洞穴，杰瑞在洞穴里卡住了，最后救援人员把他救了出来。
【点评】考查阅读表达。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
45．根据"We didn't plan to climb really high, just some smaller but challenging climbs."可知，他们一家的计划是爬一些不太高但有挑战性的山。故填Their plan was to climb some smaller but challenging mountains.
46．根据"On the first day, we climbed a 50-metre cliff. It wasn't very hard, and we all reached the top in about two hours."可知，他们爬上50米高的悬崖大约花了两个小时。故填It took them about two hours.
47．根据"We didn't want to go down in the hot sun, so we decided to wait a while and look around."可知，他们决定等一会儿四处看看是因为不想在炎热的太阳下下山。故填Because they didn't want to go down in the hot sun.
48．根据"We had done some caving before and these caves looked exciting."可知，杰瑞和他的哥哥以前探索过一些洞穴。故填Yes, they did.
49．根据"I was scared, but I tried to go through too. It was pitch black, and I couldn't see anything. Then I got stuck. I couldn't move. I shouted for my brother, but he couldn't help me."以及"After ten minutes, I started to feel dizzy (眩晕) and weak."可知，杰瑞卡住的时候感到害怕、眩晕和虚弱。故填He felt scared, dizzy and weak.
50．句意：杰瑞的哥哥对他的父母说了什么？开放性试题，言之有理即可。示例：我真的很抱歉。这是我的错。我不该坚持往更深的地方走的。杰瑞被困住的时候，我非常担心他。现在他安全了，我太高兴了。故答案为I'm really sorry. It was my fault. I shouldn't have insisted on going deeper. I was so worried about Jerry when he got stuck. I'm so glad he is safe now.
51．【答案】例文
Dear parents,
The winter holiday is coming. It will last from January 18 to February 16.
We've arranged some holiday homework. Students should read a story book, write a review, and share it online. This helps with reading and writing skills. For activities, there's a visit to the Shanghai Museum on January 21, which enriches their knowledge. Also, we encourage them to do volunteer work in the community to develop social responsibility.
Safety is important. It's cold, so you should keep warm. When you are traveling, you should follow traffic rules. Be careful with fire and use electrical appliances safely.
We hope students have a wonderful and safe winter break!
Best regards
【知识点】提纲作文；广告布告类；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一份寒假通知，需涵盖假期时间、作业、活动、安全提示等内容。写作思路为：以给定开头切入，先说明假期时间是1月18日至2月16日；接着讲假期作业（读故事书、写书评并线上分享）；再介绍活动（1月21日参观上海博物馆、参与社区志愿工作）；最后列安全提示（注意保暖、安全出行、用火安全，可补充不沉迷电子产品）。写作要点需覆盖表格信息，不少于60词，语气正式且清晰。行文按通知逻辑依次呈现内容，既明确各项安排，又传递实用的安全建议，让家长清晰了解假期相关事项，契合通知的实用性与告知性。
【点评】这篇通知主题明确、内容全面，围绕寒假安排展开，清晰列出假期时长、学习任务、实践活动和安全注意事项，条理分明且实用性强，符合学校对家长通知的写作规范。文中亮点短语有"winter holiday""volunteer work""social responsibility"，精准适配假期安排场景；高分句型包括"there's a visit to the Shanghai Museum on January 21, which enriches their knowledge"的非限制性定语从句，点明活动意义，以及"We hope students have a wonderful and safe winter break"的宾语从句，传递美好期许，整体语言简洁正式，展现了扎实的应用文体写作能力。
1 / 1上海市闵行区2024-2025学年上学期八年级英语期末抽样调研试卷
一、Ⅱ. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案):(共10分)
1．（2025八上·闵行期末）A few moments later, Peters and his crew escaped ________ the door to freedom.
A．behind B．against C．beyond D．through
【答案】D
【知识点】方位介词across, through, past, over, along, down的用法比较
【解析】【分析】句意：过了一会儿，彼得斯和他的同伴们通过通往自由的那扇门逃了出去。behind 在……后面；against 靠着、反对；beyond 超出；through 通过。结合语句 "A few moments later, Peters and his crew escaped … the door to freedom." 可知，escape和door搭配时，用through表示"从门中间穿过"的动作，符合"逃出去"的语境，其他介词的语义与句子逻辑不相符，因此through为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查介词的词义辨析。解题需牢记：through强调从物体内部穿过；behind强调在物体后方；against强调倚靠或对抗；beyond强调超出范围。
2．（2025八上·闵行期末）Nobody ________ enter the building without a key card or a password.
A．can B．should C．must D．need
【答案】A
【知识点】can, could表示能力
【解析】【分析】句意：没有门禁卡或密码，任何人都不能进入这栋大楼。can 能够、可以；should 应该；must 必须；need 需要。结合语句 "Nobody … enter the building without a key card or a password." 可知，本句强调的是"没有证件就不具备进入的能力"，can用于否定句中可表示"不能"，符合语境；should侧重建议，must侧重强制要求，need侧重需求，均不符合句子逻辑，因此can为正确答案，故答案为A。
【点评】考查情态动词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：can表示能力或许可；should表示建议；must表示强制或义务；need表示需求，需结合语境判断情态动词的语义。
3．（2025八上·闵行期末）The competition in the film industry will become even ________ in 2025.
A．fierce B．fiercer C．fiercest D．the fiercest
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词比较级与最高级的构成规则；形容词比较级的修饰词
【解析】【分析】句意：2025年电影行业的竞争将会变得更加激烈。fierce 激烈的，形容词原级；fiercer 更激烈的，形容词比较级；fiercest 最激烈的，形容词最高级；the fiercest 最激烈的，带定冠词的形容词最高级。结合语句 "The competition in the film industry will become even … in 2025." 可知，副词even常用来修饰形容词的比较级，强调程度的进一步加深，fierce的比较级形式为fiercer，因此fiercer为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级的用法。解题需牢记：副词even可修饰形容词比较级，用来加强比较的语气；形容词比较级的构成，单音节词直接加-er，部分双音节词和多音节词前加more。
4．（2025八上·闵行期末）Jack failed ________ the deadline because his computer broke down.
A．met B．meet C．meeting D．to meet
【答案】D
【知识点】固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：杰克因为电脑坏了而没能赶上截止日期。met 赶上，动词过去式；meet 赶上，动词原形；meeting 赶上，动名词；to meet 赶上，动词不定式。结合语句 "Jack failed … the deadline because his computer broke down." 可知，fail后接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配fail to do sth.，表示"未能做某事"，因此to meet为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查动词fail的固定搭配。解题需牢记：fail to do sth.是固定用法，意为"未能做某事"，fail后不能直接接动词原形、动名词或过去式。
5．（2025八上·闵行期末）The noise from the planes caused a lot of ________ for the people nearby.
A．problem B．question C．report D．trouble
【答案】D
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：飞机的噪音给附近的人们带来了很多困扰。problem 问题，可数名词；question 疑问，可数名词；report 报告，可数名词；trouble 麻烦，困扰，不可数名词。结合语句 "The noise from the planes caused a lot of … for the people nearby." 可知，a lot of后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词，problem和question若用在此处需变为复数形式，report的语义与语境不相符，trouble为不可数名词，符合语法规则和句意，因此trouble为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查名词的词义和数的辨析。解题需牢记：a lot of后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；trouble表示"麻烦"时为不可数名词，problem侧重需要解决的具体问题，question侧重需要回答的疑问。
6．（2025八上·闵行期末）People in Tianjin are well-known for ________ sense of humour and relaxing lifestyle.
A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：天津人因他们的幽默感和闲适的生活方式而闻名。they 他们，人称代词主格；them 他们，人称代词宾格；their 他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs 他们的，名词性物主代词。结合语句 "People in Tianjin are well-known for … sense of humour and relaxing lifestyle." 可知，空格处需要修饰名词短语sense of humour，要用形容词性物主代词来表示所属关系，their符合语法规则和语境，因此their为正确答案，故答案为C。
【点评】考查人称代词和物主代词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：形容词性物主代词后必须接名词，用来修饰限定名词；名词性物主代词后不接名词，可单独作主语或宾语；人称代词主格作主语，宾格作宾语。
7．（2025八上·闵行期末）Some people waste too much time ________ instead of taking action.
A．wait B．waiting C．to wait D．to waiting
【答案】B
【知识点】动名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：一些人浪费了太多时间等待，而不是采取行动。wait 等待，动词原形；waiting 等待，动名词/现在分词；to wait 等待，动词不定式；to waiting 等待，错误搭配。结合语句 "Some people waste too much time … instead of taking action." 可知，waste后接时间时，常用固定搭配waste time (in) doing sth.，表示"浪费时间做某事"，介词in可以省略，因此waiting为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词waste的固定搭配。解题需牢记：waste time/money (in) doing sth.是固定用法，意为"浪费时间/金钱做某事"，后面要接动名词形式。
8．（2025八上·闵行期末）I managed to arrive in time for the meeting ________ there was a lot of traffic.
A．until B．because C．if D．though
【答案】D
【知识点】although / though引导让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管交通很拥堵，我还是设法准时赶到了会议现场。until 直到……为止；because 因为；if 如果；though 尽管。结合语句 "I managed to arrive in time for the meeting … there was a lot of traffic." 可知，"准时赶到会议"和"交通拥堵"之间是转折关系，though用来引导让步状语从句，符合句子逻辑，其他连词的语义与语境不匹配，因此though为正确答案，故答案为D。
【点评】考查连词的词义辨析。解题需牢记：though引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管、虽然"；because引导原因状语从句；if引导条件状语从句；until引导时间状语从句。
9．（2025八上·闵行期末）You'd better book the tickets on line, ________ you'll have to pay a higher price.
A．or B．but C．and D．so
【答案】A
【知识点】表选择关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：你最好在网上订票，否则你就得付更高的价钱。or 否则；but 但是；and 和、并且；so 因此。结合语句 "You'd better book the tickets on line, … you'll have to pay a higher price." 可知，前半句是提出建议，后半句是不遵循建议会产生的结果，or用于连接这种"建议+反向结果"的并列句，符合语境逻辑，因此or为正确答案，故答案为A。
【点评】考查并列连词的用法辨析。解题需牢记：or可表示"否则"，用于警告或提醒不做某事的后果；but表示转折关系；and表示并列或顺承关系；so表示因果关系。
10．（2025八上·闵行期末）On March 16, President Micron ________ the nation's retirement age from 62 to 64.
A．raises B．raised C．is raising D．was raised
【答案】B
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：3月16日，马克龙总统将国家的退休年龄从62岁提高到了64岁。raises 提高，动词第三人称单数形式（一般现在时）；raised 提高，动词过去式（一般过去时）；is raising 正在提高，现在进行时；was raised 被提高，一般过去时的被动语态。结合语句 "On March 16, President Micron … the nation's retirement age from 62 to 64." 可知，时间状语On March 16是过去的具体日期，句子要用一般过去时；主语President Micron和动词raise之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，因此raised为正确答案，故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的用法及主动被动语态的判断。解题需牢记：过去的具体时间点或日期对应的动作用一般过去时；判断主动还是被动语态，要看主语和动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。
二、Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once
（2025八上·闵行期末）将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次。
A. finally B. excited C. never D. returned E. happened F. introduced
Elephants are known for having good, long memories. Now, research by scientists at the University of Wuppertal, in Germany, suggests that elephants　11． 　 forget the smell of a family member's pool (粪便).
The scientists observed what　12． 　 when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants—two mother-daughter pairs. They hadn't seen each other for a long time: one for two years and the other for 12 years.
Before bringing the elephants back together, the researchers　13． 　 each mother to her child's poo, along with droppings from other elephants. The elephants didn't pay attention to the droppings of animals unrelated to them. However, when they smelled their family member's poo, they got　14． 　 waving their ears and making noises.
Not all scientists agree that the experiment proves elephants have good memories, just because they seem to recognize a smell. However, when the elephants　15． 　 met each other again, they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging. They did something that we would call a greeting.
【答案】11．C；12．E；13．F；14．B；15．A
【知识点】频度副词；过去式和过去分词；科普类；说明文；时间副词
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了德国伍珀塔尔大学的一项研究，该研究表明大象有着超强的记忆力，不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味，且久别重逢的大象会以自己的方式打招呼。
A. finally，副词，最终；B. excited，形容词，兴奋的；C. never，副词，从不；D. returned，动词，返回；E. happened，动词，发生；F. introduced，动词，介绍。
【点评】考查选词填空。解题需结合上下文语境，匹配选项词汇的语义和词性，同时注意时态一致和固定搭配的使用。
11．句意：现在，德国伍珀塔尔大学的科学家们的研究表明，大象永远不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味。根据"Elephants are known for having good, long memories."可知，此处是说大象永远不会忘记家庭成员粪便的气味，备选词never"从不"符合语境，此处指的是从不忘记家庭成员粪便的气味。故选C。
12．句意：科学家们观察了一个德国动物园让两对大象——两对母女象重聚时所发生的情况。根据"when a German zoo reunited two pairs of elephants—two mother-daughter pairs"可知，此处指的是两对母女象重聚时所发生的情况，备选词happened"发生"符合语境，描述过去发生的动作，动词填过去式，故选E。
13．句意：在把大象重新聚集在一起之前，研究人员向每只大象母亲介绍了她孩子的粪便，以及其他大象的粪便。根据"each mother to her child's poo,"可知，此处指的介绍孩子的粪便，备选词introduced"介绍"符合语境。故选F。
14．句意：然而，当它们闻到家人的便便时，它们会兴奋地摆动耳朵并发出声音。根据"waving their ears and making noises."可知，它们变得兴奋，备选词excited"感到兴奋的"符合语境，作表语。故选B。
15．句意：然而，当大象终于再次相遇时，它们似乎用大象的方式拥抱。根据"met each other again, they seemed to do the elephant way of hugging."可知，此处指的是终于再次相遇，备选词finally"最终"，修饰动词met。故选A。
三、Ⅳ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一词)：(共5分)
16．（2025八上·闵行期末）The forest is full of 　 　 things, from tiny insects to large animals. (live)
【答案】living
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：这片森林里到处都是生物，从微小的昆虫到大型的动物。"live"，"居住；生活"，动词/形容词。根据语句 "The forest is full of … things, from tiny insects to large animals" 可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词"things"，"living"表示"活的、有生命的"，符合语境，故答案为 living。
【点评】考查"live"的词性转换，注意"living"作形容词表"活的"，与"alive"的用法区分开。
17．（2025八上·闵行期末）I can feel the 　 　 on my face when I walk in the sunny park. (hot)
【答案】heat
【知识点】不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：当我在阳光明媚的公园里散步时，我能感受到脸上的热度。"hot"，"热的"，形容词。根据语句 "I can feel the … on my face when I walk in the sunny park" 可知，定冠词"the"后需接名词，故答案为 heat。
【点评】考查形容词变名词的用法，注意"hot"的名词形式为"heat"，为不可数名词。
18．（2025八上·闵行期末）The storm was so 　 　 that it knocked down several trees on the street.(power)
【答案】powerful
【知识点】形容词作表语
【解析】【分析】句意：这场暴风雨太猛烈了，刮倒了街上的好几棵树。"power"，"力量"，名词。根据语句 "The storm was so … that it knocked down several trees on the street" 可知，"so+形容词+that从句"是固定结构，此处需用形容词作表语，故答案为 powerful。
【点评】考查名词变形容词的用法，注意"power"加后缀"-ful"构成形容词"powerful"。
19．（2025八上·闵行期末）My mother always greets me with a 　 　 look when I come home late. (worry)
【答案】worried
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：当我回家晚的时候，妈妈总是用担忧的神情迎接我。"worry"，"担心；担忧"，动词/名词。根据语句 "My mother always greets me with a … look when I come home late" 可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词"look"，"worried"表示"担忧的"，符合语境，故答案为 worried。
【点评】考查动词变形容词的用法，注意"worried"多用来描述人的感受或表情。
20．（2025八上·闵行期末）It was an 　 　 sight to see the streets empty in the middle of the day. (usual)
【答案】unusual
【知识点】特征形容词
【解析】【分析】句意：中午时分街道上空无一人，这是一幅不寻常的景象。"usual"，"通常的、寻常的"，形容词。根据语句 "It was an … sight to see the streets empty in the middle of the day" 可知，不定冠词"an"后接元音音素开头的单词，且结合语境需用"usual"的反义词，故答案为 unusual。
【点评】考查形容词的反义词变化，注意"usual"加前缀"un-"构成反义词"unusual"。
四、V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求, 改写下列句子。41-44题,每空格限填一词。45题注意句首大写)：(共10分)
21．（2025八上·闵行期末）Tina and her brother hid behind some bushes. (改为一般疑问句)
　 　 Tina and her brother 　 　 behind any bushes
【答案】Did；hide
【知识点】一般疑问句；一般过去时；助动词do
【解析】【分析】句意：蒂娜和她的哥哥躲在了一些灌木丛后面。根据要求将原句"Tina and her brother hid behind some bushes"改为一般疑问句，补全"…Tina and her brother … behind any bushes "中的空缺。结合语句可知，原句谓语动词"hid"是"hide"的过去式，判断句子时态为一般过去时；实义动词的一般过去时变一般疑问句，需借助助动词"Did"，且"Did"后接动词原形"hide"；同时原句中的"some"在疑问句中需改为"any"，故答案为Did，hide。
【点评】考查一般过去时实义动词的一般疑问句改写。解题思路是先根据谓语动词的过去式判断时态为一般过去时，再确定借助助动词"Did"引导疑问句，同时将实义动词还原为原形，注意"some"与"any"的转换规则，确保改写后的疑问句符合语法规则。
22．（2025八上·闵行期末）About twice a week the driver collects Wendy from school. (对划线部分提问)
　 　　 　 does the driver collect Wendy from school
【答案】How；often
【知识点】特殊疑问句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：这位司机大约每周两次去学校接温迪。根据要求对画线部分"twice a week"这一频率进行提问，补全"… does the driver collect Wendy from school "中的空缺。结合语句可知，划线部分"twice a week"表示动作发生的频率，对频率提问需用固定疑问词组"how often"，故答案为How ，often。
【点评】考查对动作频率的特殊疑问句改写。解题思路是先识别划线部分的属性（频率），确定对应的疑问词组为"how often"；再借助助动词"does"构成疑问句结构，确保问句能精准询问动作的发生频率，符合语法规则。
23．（2025八上·闵行期末）I'm sure that Wendy is one of the top students in the city. (保持句意基本不变)
Wendy 　 　 one of the top students in the city.
【答案】must be
【知识点】must表示推测
【解析】【分析】句意：我确信温迪是这个城市里最优秀的学生之一。根据要求将原句的宾语从句结构改写为简单句，补全"Wendy … one of the top students in the city."中的空缺。结合语句可知，"I'm sure that..."表达的是一种肯定的推测，对应的同义表达可以用情态动词"must"加动词原形，must be 意为"一定是"，能够体现原句的肯定语气，故答案为must be。
【点评】考查宾语从句与简单句的同义转换。解题思路是明确"I'm sure that..."的语义等同于"must be"引导的肯定推测；直接用must be替换原句的从句结构，确保转换后的句子语法正确、语义与原句保持一致。
24．（2025八上·闵行期末）"Can you help me, dad " said the child to his father. (改为简单句)
The child asked his father for 　 　.
【答案】help
【知识点】不可数名词；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意："爸爸，你能帮我吗？"孩子对爸爸说。根据要求将原句的直接引语改为简单句，补全"The child asked his father for …."中的空缺。结合语句可知，原句核心语义是"孩子向爸爸寻求帮助"，"ask sb. for help"是固定搭配，意为"向某人寻求帮助"，故答案为help。
【点评】考查直接引语变简单句的句式转换。解题思路是提炼原句的核心动作（寻求帮助），匹配对应的固定短语"ask sb. for help"，直接用名词"help"补全句子，确保转换后的句子语法正确、语义与原句一致。
25．（2025八上·闵行期末）near a great cliff, gently, of black rock, brought us down, our pilot, in a valley (连词成句)
　 　.
【答案】Our pilot brought us down gently in a valley near a great cliff of black rock
【知识点】肯定陈述句；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】near a great cliff 在一座巨大的悬崖旁，gently 轻轻地（副词），of black rock 黑色岩石的（介词短语作定语），brought us down 带我们降落（bring down的过去式短语），our pilot 我们的飞行员，in a valley 在一个山谷里。根据单词含义和结构可知为陈述句，主谓宾结构明确，句意：我们的飞行员轻轻地把我们降落在一座黑色岩石巨崖旁的山谷里。our pilot 作主语，brought us down 作谓语和宾语，gently 作副词修饰谓语动词，in a valley 作地点状语，near a great cliff of black rock 作后置定语修饰valley，按"主语+谓语+宾语+副词+地点状语+定语"的顺序排列。故答案为 Our pilot brought us down gently in a valley near a great cliff of black rock.
【点评】考查连词成句。需掌握副词修饰动词的位置（谓语后或句首），以及多个地点状语和定语的排列顺序（小地点在前，大地点或定语在后），结合词义逻辑梳理语序即可组成正确句子。
五、Ⅵ. Reading comprehension(阅读理解): (共38分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）
https:// www.
Since 1980 Garden Middle School Tel:021-87456210 Email: office@ gardenschool.
About News Activities Calendars International
Expectations This guide is written so that everyone at school knows what they should do. Each person has small tasks to do, but when everyone works together, the school can achieve something really great.
School rules All students should behave responsibly, being kind and respectful to themselves and others. Always show care and say "thank you" to people. In addition: · Running, shouting, or fighting inside the school is not allowed. · If you use electronic devices, keep the sound low so you don't disturb others. · Chewing gum is not allowed. · If you break something by accident, tell a teacher or duty staff right away. · Always put paper and other trash in the bins.
Lights out and quiet time Lights out times are set by age, starting at 8:45 pm and finishing at 11:00 p.m. These times are followed strictly during the week but are a bit moreflexible on weekends. Students in Years 12 and 13 have quiet time starting at 10:30 p.m.. Years 12 and 13 are encouraged to manage their own time to prepare for life outside of school.
Weekend leave Parents must request a weekend leave by Thursday before the weekend. It's better in writing, but sometimes a phone call to the Office is okay.
26．What is type of the text above
A．Story. B．Report. C．Interview. D．Webpage.
27．Which word will you click in the navigation bar to find this text
A．About. B．News. C．Activities. D．Calendars.
28．Every student in Garden School is expected to ________.
A．do small tasks B．write a guide
C．work together D．achieve something great
29．You are not allowed to ________ in Garden School according to the rules.
A．chew gum B．use electronic devices
C．argue with teachers D．put trash in the bins
30．The underlined word "flexible" is closest in meaning to ________.
A．enjoyable B．changeable C．possible D．forgettable
31．If a student wants to ask for a weekend leave, he has to ________ first.
A．call the school office B．write an email
C．ask his parents D．book in advance
【答案】26．D
27．A
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．D
【知识点】说明文；学校生活；细节理解；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了花园中学的网站的相关信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
26．推理判断题。根据"https:// www."可知，文章来源为学校网站，目的是向学生和家长提供信息，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据"在导航栏中单击哪个单词来查找该文本"以及"https:// www."可知，点击"about"可知找到相关内容。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据"but when everyone works together, the school can achieve something really great"可知，强调了大家需要共同努力。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据规则"Chewing gum is not allowed"可知，禁止嚼口香糖，故选A。
30．词义猜测题。根据"These times are followed strictly during the week but are a bit more flexible on weekends."可知，这一句说的是灯熄的时间在周末会更加"灵活"，"flexible"一词在原文中描述时间安排可以稍作调整，最接近"changeable"，故选B。
31．细节理解题。根据"Parents must request a weekend leave by Thursday before the weekend. It's better in writing, but sometimes a phone call to the Office is okay."可知，如果学生想要请假，家长必须在周四前就先申请，说明要提前预约。故选D。
六、B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage(选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文):(6分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）Be an inventor!
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it's true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the 32． .
Wrong idea number 1: An invention has to be something completely new.
Well, inventing means creating something "new", but the idea could come from something that already 33． . The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a "flying machine" from watching birds.
Wrong idea number 2: Inventors are born, not made.
There are a lot of factors (因素) that make innovation 34． . Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart 35． for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten.
Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was "99% hard work and 1% inspiration"! Very successful creators don't 36． when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, "A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!"
Wrong idea number 3: Inventors are always 37． people.
Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor: Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was 15, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today.
32．A．truth B．cause C．detail D．land
33．A．happens B．finishes C．exists D．matters
34．A．easy B．possible C．special D．interesting
35．A．fought B．dreamed C．argued D．practised
36．A．give up B．run away C．work hard D．turn back
37．A．clever B．healthy C．old D．strange
【答案】32．A；33．C；34．B；35．D；36．A；37．C
【知识点】其他题材；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了关于发明的一些常见错误观点，并通过举例来纠正这些错误认知，告诉人们任何人都可以成为发明家。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先，先通读全文，跳过缺失单词，在根据上下文的含义来确定所缺部分单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选择正确的一项。
32．句意：也许你对发明有错误的认知，所以继续读下去，去发现真相吧。truth真相；cause原因；detail细节；land土地。根据"Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover ..."可知，前面说有关于发明的错误观点，因此这里是说要去发现关于发明的正确的东西，也就是真相。truth"真相"，符合语境。故选A。
33．句意：嗯，发明意味着创造"新"的东西，但这个想法可能来自己经存在的事物。happens发生；finishes完成；exists存在；matters重要。根据下文"The Wright brothers, for example, got the idea for building a ‘flying machine' from watching birds."可知，发明的想法可以来自己经存在的事物，exists"存在"，符合语境。故选C。
34．句意：有很多因素使得创新成为可能。easy容易；possible可能；special特别；interesting有趣。根据"Take Mozart, for example. He was born with a unique talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity."可知，后文所举莫扎特的例子，说明有很多因素使得创新成为可能，"make innovation possible"表示"使创新成为可能"，possible"可能"，符合语境。故选B。
35．句意：他的父亲是一名音乐老师，莫扎特从幼儿园开始每天都要练习好几个小时。fought战斗；dreamed梦想；argued争论；practised练习。根据"But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart ... for hours every day, from the time he was in kindergarten."可知，影响莫扎特创造力的因素不仅仅是他的音乐天赋，后期的勤奋练习也是一个很重要的因素，此处指的是他从幼儿园开始每天都要练习好几个小时，practised"练习"，符合语境。故选D。
36．句意：非常成功的创造者在犯错时不会放弃。give up放弃；run away逃跑；work hard努力工作；turn back回头。根据"Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was ‘99% hard work and 1% inspiration'!"以及"As one inventor said, ‘A failure is the right answer to the wrong question!'"可知，成功的发明家认为失败是正常的，并且发明需要大量努力，所以当他们犯错时，不会轻易放弃，give up"放弃"，符合语境。故选A。
37．句意：错误认知三：发明家总是年长者。clever聪明的；healthy健康的；old年老的；strange奇怪的。根据"Don't believe that you can't invent something when you are young. Here is an example of a young inventor ..."可知，这里是纠正人们认为发明家总是年龄大的人的错误观点，因此old"年老的"，符合语境。故选C。
七、C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
（2025八上·闵行期末）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
If you had one million dollars to spend, would you buy a famous painting Most people would not think of buying art. They see art as something u　38． 　. While many people enjoy looking at pieces of art, not many would pay a lot of money for it. Perhaps this is why some people are s　39． 　 when a piece of art sells for a huge amount of money.
Why are some art pieces so expensive Who d　40． 　 how much art is worth anyway Works by famous artists, such as Monet or Picasso, are worth a lot of money. But the value may go up or down depending on whether the work is real and how r　41． 　 it is. For newer or less-known artists, the value of their art often depends on an art expert's opinion.
However, sometimes the value of art doesn't f　42． 　 any clear-rules. For example, Jackson Pollock is best-known for his paintings that look like paint on a canvas. Yet, his paintings sell for millions. Another artist's photograph of a s　43． 　 brown potato sold for more than a million dollars. These are examples of when the value given to a piece of art may confuse some.
In the end, the value of a piece of art depends on each person. What may s　44． 　 worthless to one person could be very valuable to another. Finally, the buyer determines how much a piece of art is worth. The value of art becomes the price someone is willing to pay for it.
【答案】38．(u)seless；39．(s)urprised；40．(d)ecides；41．(r)are；42．(f)ollow；43．(s)imple；44．(s)eem
【知识点】动词原形；议论文；特征形容词；叙述（表语）形容词
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文探讨了艺术品价值的决定因素，指出艺术品的价值并非有统一标准，既和作品真伪、稀有度、专家评价相关，最终还取决于买家的主观意愿。
【点评】考查首字母填空。解题需结合首字母提示和文中语句确定单词含义，同时关注主谓一致、情态动词和助动词后接动词原形、形容词的句法功能等语法规则，确保答案符合语境和语法逻辑。
38．句意：他们认为艺术是无用的东西。根据"Most people would not think of buying art."可知是因为认为艺术是无用的东西所以不买，useless"无用的"，故填(u)seless。
39．句意：也许这就是为什么当一件艺术品卖出天价时，有些人会感到惊讶。根据"Perhaps this is why some people are…when a piece of art sells for a huge amount of money."可知当艺术品卖出高价时人们会感到惊讶，surprised"惊讶的"，修饰人。故填(s)urprised。
40．句意：谁决定艺术品到底值多少钱呢？根据"Who…how much art is worth anyway "可知是询问谁决定艺术品的价值，decide"决定"，一般现在时，主语是who，看作单数，动词用三单形式，故填(d)ecides。
41．句意：但它的价值可能会根据作品是否真实以及它的稀有程度而上升或下降。根据"But the value may go up or down depending on whether the work is real and how…it is."可知艺术品的价值取决于是否真实和稀有程度，rare"稀有的"，故填(r)are。
42．句意：然而，有时艺术品的价值并不遵循任何明确的规则。根据"However, sometimes the value of art doesn't…any clear-rules."可知艺术品的价值并不遵循规则，follow"遵循"，doesn't后接动词原形，故填(f)ollow。
43．句意：另一位艺术家的简单的棕色土豆照片售价超过100万美元。根据"Another artist's photograph of a…brown potato sold for more than a million dollars."可知是简单的棕色的土豆照片，simple"简单的"，故填(s)imple。
44．句意：对一个人来说可能似乎一文不值的东西对另一个人来说可能非常有价值。根据"What may…worthless to one person could be very valuable to another."可知是似乎一文不值的东西，seem"似乎"，may后接动词原形，故填(s)eem。
八、D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题):(12分)
（2025八上·闵行期末）My name is Jerry. Last year, I went on holiday to the French Alps with my parents and brother. We all love climbing mountains. We didn't plan to climb really high, just some smaller but challenging climbs.
On the first day, we climbed a 50-metre cliff. It wasn't very hard, and we all reached the top in about two hours. The view from the top was amazing. It was 11 a.m., and the sun was warming the rocks. We didn't want to go down in the hot sun, so we decided to wait a while and look around. My brother and I went to explore some nearby caves. We had done some caving before and these caves looked exciting. They were dark and deep. After going inside for about 10 metres, the passage became very narrow. I told my brother we should go back, but he wanted to continue. He thought he could hear water and believed there was an underground lake ahead.
I wasn't sure, but my brother squeezed through the narrow gap. He called me to follow. I was scared, but I tried to go through too. It was pitch black, and I couldn't see anything. Then I got stuck. I couldn't move. I shouted for my brother, but he couldn't help me. He couldn't leave the cave to get help because I was blocking his way.
After ten minutes, I started to feel dizzy (眩晕) and weak. My brother kept talking to me to keep me awake. Finally, the rescue team arrived. They knew exactly what to do. They sprayed something on the rocks, and gently pulled me free. I felt so happy to be out! My brother squeezed back through without any problem.
Out of the cave, my brother said to my parents. "________"
45．What was the family's plan
　 　
46．How long did it take them to climb the 50-metre cliff
　 　
47．Why did the family decide to wait a while and look around
　 　
48．Did Jerry and his brother explore some caves before
　 　
49．How did Jerry feel when he got stuck
　 　
50．What did Jerry's brother say to his parents Please fill in the blank with at least two sentences.
　 　
【答案】45．Their plan was to climb some smaller but challenging mountains.
46．It took them about two hours.
47．Because they didn't want to go down in the hot sun.
48．Yes, they did.
49．He felt scared, dizzy and weak.
50．I'm really sorry. It was my fault. I shouldn't have insisted on going deeper. I was so worried about Jerry when he got stuck. I'm so glad he is safe now. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
【知识点】记叙文；业余活动；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了杰瑞和家人去法国阿尔卑斯山度假时发生的事情。他们去爬山，爬完山后杰瑞和哥哥去探索附近的洞穴，杰瑞在洞穴里卡住了，最后救援人员把他救了出来。
【点评】考查阅读表达。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
45．根据"We didn't plan to climb really high, just some smaller but challenging climbs."可知，他们一家的计划是爬一些不太高但有挑战性的山。故填Their plan was to climb some smaller but challenging mountains.
46．根据"On the first day, we climbed a 50-metre cliff. It wasn't very hard, and we all reached the top in about two hours."可知，他们爬上50米高的悬崖大约花了两个小时。故填It took them about two hours.
47．根据"We didn't want to go down in the hot sun, so we decided to wait a while and look around."可知，他们决定等一会儿四处看看是因为不想在炎热的太阳下下山。故填Because they didn't want to go down in the hot sun.
48．根据"We had done some caving before and these caves looked exciting."可知，杰瑞和他的哥哥以前探索过一些洞穴。故填Yes, they did.
49．根据"I was scared, but I tried to go through too. It was pitch black, and I couldn't see anything. Then I got stuck. I couldn't move. I shouted for my brother, but he couldn't help me."以及"After ten minutes, I started to feel dizzy (眩晕) and weak."可知，杰瑞卡住的时候感到害怕、眩晕和虚弱。故填He felt scared, dizzy and weak.
50．句意：杰瑞的哥哥对他的父母说了什么？开放性试题，言之有理即可。示例：我真的很抱歉。这是我的错。我不该坚持往更深的地方走的。杰瑞被困住的时候，我非常担心他。现在他安全了，我太高兴了。故答案为I'm really sorry. It was my fault. I shouldn't have insisted on going deeper. I was so worried about Jerry when he got stuck. I'm so glad he is safe now.
九、71. Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.(根据以下情境写一篇不少于 60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)
51．（2025八上·闵行期末）寒假即将到来，学校将给家长发一份"通知"。假如你是学生会成员，请帮助拟定一份通知，字数不少于60个词，标点符号不占格。通知内容包含假期时间，假期作业，活动安排，安全提示等内容。
Winter Holiday Notice
Dates January 18—February 16
Holiday homework · Read a story book · Write a book review · Share the review online
Holiday activities ·A visit to Shanghai Museum on January 21 · Volunteer work in your community.
Safety tips · Stay warm · Travel safely · Be careful with fire …(Add more tips as needed).
Dear parents,
The winter holiday is coming.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best regards
【答案】例文
Dear parents,
The winter holiday is coming. It will last from January 18 to February 16.
We've arranged some holiday homework. Students should read a story book, write a review, and share it online. This helps with reading and writing skills. For activities, there's a visit to the Shanghai Museum on January 21, which enriches their knowledge. Also, we encourage them to do volunteer work in the community to develop social responsibility.
Safety is important. It's cold, so you should keep warm. When you are traveling, you should follow traffic rules. Be careful with fire and use electrical appliances safely.
We hope students have a wonderful and safe winter break!
Best regards
【知识点】提纲作文；广告布告类；书信、电子邮件
【解析】【分析】这是一份寒假通知，需涵盖假期时间、作业、活动、安全提示等内容。写作思路为：以给定开头切入，先说明假期时间是1月18日至2月16日；接着讲假期作业（读故事书、写书评并线上分享）；再介绍活动（1月21日参观上海博物馆、参与社区志愿工作）；最后列安全提示（注意保暖、安全出行、用火安全，可补充不沉迷电子产品）。写作要点需覆盖表格信息，不少于60词，语气正式且清晰。行文按通知逻辑依次呈现内容，既明确各项安排，又传递实用的安全建议，让家长清晰了解假期相关事项，契合通知的实用性与告知性。
【点评】这篇通知主题明确、内容全面，围绕寒假安排展开，清晰列出假期时长、学习任务、实践活动和安全注意事项，条理分明且实用性强，符合学校对家长通知的写作规范。文中亮点短语有"winter holiday""volunteer work""social responsibility"，精准适配假期安排场景；高分句型包括"there's a visit to the Shanghai Museum on January 21, which enriches their knowledge"的非限制性定语从句，点明活动意义，以及"We hope students have a wonderful and safe winter break"的宾语从句，传递美好期许，整体语言简洁正式，展现了扎实的应用文体写作能力。
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