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Unit 6 When disaster strikes提升培优评价卷
一、单项选择
1．The __________ of the disaster is still remembered today.
A．victim B．heroine C．impact D．alarm
【答案】C
【详解】句意：灾难的影响今天仍然被记住。
考查名词辨析。victim受害者；heroine女英雄；impact影响；alarm警报。根据“still remembered today”可知，灾难的“影响”通常指其长期后果或教训，容易被铭记。故选C。
2．__________ the support of her family, she recovered quickly.
A．Without B．With C．For D．From
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在家人的支持下，她很快康复了。
考查介词辨析。Without没有；With和，有；For为了；From从。根据“…the support of her family, she recovered quickly.”的句意可知，她快速恢复是因为有家庭的支持，需用表示伴随条件的介词“With”。故选B。
3．She showed great __________ by facing the challenge after the disaster.
A．courage B．fashion C．safety D．drawback
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她在灾难后面对挑战时，表现出了巨大的勇气。
考查名词辨析。courage勇气；fashion时尚；safety安全；drawback缺点。根据“by facing the challenge after the disaster”可知，面对挑战需要积极品质，courage符合语境。故选A。
4．Drones are used to __________ survivors in hard-to-reach areas.
A．hide B．find C．avoid D．refuse
【答案】B
【详解】句意：无人机被用来在难以到达的区域找到幸存者。
考查动词辨析。hide隐藏；find找到；avoid避免；refuse拒绝。根据“Drones are used to…survivors”可知，无人机常用于搜索救援任务，在难以到达的区域目的是定位和找到幸存者，故选B。
5．While the hurricane __________, people were taking shelter.
A．blows B．blew C．was blowing D．is blowing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：飓风刮起的时候，人们正在躲避。
考查动词时态。根据“While”以及“people were taking shelter”可知，此处表示飓风刮起和人们躲避这两个动作同时发生，且“people were taking shelter”用的是过去进行时，所以飓风刮起这一动作也应该用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语“the hurricane”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，blow的现在分词是blowing，故填was blowing。故选C。
6．She __________ a torch in the parade after overcoming her fear.
A．carries B．carried C．will carry D．has carried
【答案】B
【详解】句意：她克服恐惧后，在游行中举着火炬。
考查动词时态。carries携带，一般现在时；carried一般过去时；will carry一般将来时；has carried现在完成时。根据“after overcoming her fear”可知，“举着火炬”是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故选B。
7．She __________ to inspire others since the disaster.
A．has tried B．tried C．will try D．tries
【答案】A
【详解】句意：她自从灾难以来一直试图激励他人。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since the disaster”可知，需用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故选A。
8．The volunteers __________ supplies while the survivors __________ for help.
A．provided; waited B．were providing; waited
C．provided; were waiting D．provide; wait
【答案】C
【详解】句意：志愿者们提供物资的时候，幸存者们正在等待救援。
考查时间状语从句。provide（动词原型）提供（provided过去式；providing现在分词）；wait（动词原型）等待（waited过去式；waiting现在分词）。根据句子结构可知，本句是“while”引导时间状语从句，主句如果是短暂性、一次性完成的动作，常用一般过去时强调动作的发生；从句通常表示一个延续性的背景动作，常用过去进行时（was/were+动词-ing）强调动作在持续进行。故选C。
9．__________ the disaster, many buildings were damaged.
A．By the time B．Before C．After D．Until
【答案】C
【详解】句意：灾难发生后，许多建筑物被损坏了。
考查时间介词。By the time到……时候；Before在……之前；After在……之后；Until直到。根据“many buildings were damaged.”可知，是灾难发生后，许多建筑物被损坏。故选C。
10．Yesterday, the ash __________ the city, making it hard to breathe.
A．covers B．covered C．will cover D．is covering
【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨天灰覆盖了城市，使得呼吸困难。
考查动词时态。 covers覆盖，一般现在时；covered覆盖，一般过去时；will cover将覆盖，一般将来时；is covering正在覆盖，现在进行时。根据“Yesterday”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式covered。故选B。
二、补全对话
选择最佳选项完成对话 (有多余项)
(A reporter is asking Bert some questions about the earthquake last month.)
A: Bert, do you remember the earthquake last month
B: Of course. 11
A: What were you doing at that time
B: I was doing some shopping in a shopping centre.
A: 12
B: I tried my best to run out to the street. 13
A: But you know, it’s dangerous to run during the earthquake.
B: 14 But I know little about how to protect myself in an earthquake.
A: You should read some information about that online. 15
B: Very afraid.
A: Well, Bert, thanks for talking with me.
B: My pleasure.
A．Yes, I see.
B．I will never forget it.
C．Then what did you do
D．Did you shout for help
E．Many other people were also running quickly.
F．I think we should learn more about earthquakes.
G．By the way, how did you feel when you found yourself in danger
【答案】11．B 12．C 13．E 14．A 15．G
【导语】本文是伯特接受记者采访时的所问所答，问题和上个月的地震有关。
11．根据“do you remember the earthquake last month ”和“Of course”可知，空处应是说“记得”，B项“我永远不会忘记。”符合语境，故选B。
12．根据“I was doing some shopping in a shopping centre.”和“I tried my best to run out to the street.”可知，B说当时在购物中心购物，A接下来应询问后续行动。C项“然后你做了什么？”符合语境，故选C。
13．根据“I tried my best to run out to the street.”和“But you know, it’s dangerous to run during the earthquake.”可知，空处应是补充当时场景，且讲到了一种危险的情况，E项“其他许多人也在飞快地跑着。”符合语境 ，故选E。
14．根据“But you know, it’s dangerous to run during the earthquake.”和“But I know little about how to protect myself in an earthquake.”可知，A指出跑很危险，B应先承认这一点，再转折说缺乏知识，A项“是的，我知道。”符合语境，故选A。
15．根据“Very afraid.”可知，空处应是询问对方当时的感受，G项“顺便问一下，当你发现自己处于危险中时，你是什么感觉？”符合语境，故选G。
三、完形填空
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caught in a flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room. Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside. It had been raining nonstop for three days. She had never seen a storm this bad. It was making her 16 . The wind roared and the rain 17 on the roof and windows. Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio 18 Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we should leave here right away!”
“No,” said Dad. “It’s too late! The radio 19 the city has already been flooded.”
“We can drive our car 20 the floodwater! Let’s just leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary.
“We can’t do that, honey,” said Mum, “ 21 the moving water could wash the car away!”
Mary walked to the door. She was curious to see how much water there was outside. “Don’t open the door!” 22 Mum and Dad at the same time. “The water may flood in!”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door, in case the floodwater forced the door open. Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa. “Mary, don’t worry. Everything’s going to be OK,” she said 23 , trying her best to comfort Mary. Her voice was calm, but Mary could 24 she was worried, too.
Without saying a single word, Dad walked to the sofa, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the 25 and rain more frightening outside. What could they do
16．A．happy B．excited C．nervous D．calm
17．A．blew B．beat C．crashed D．flowed
18．A．when B．so C．but D．while
19．A．says B．talks C．speaks D．tells
20．A．onto B．into C．through D．across
21．A．however B．still C．instead D．otherwise
22．A．shouted B．whispered C．moved D．reported
23．A．happily B．softly C．sadly D．angrily
24．A．hear B．think C．say D．tell
25．A．window B．disaster C．wind D．water
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了Mary一家遭遇洪水的经历：连续三天的暴雨让城市被淹，Mary因害怕想离开，父母却因洪水危险阻止了她，一家人在屋内互相安慰，共同面对这场危机。
16．句意：这场暴雨让她很紧张。
happy开心的；excited兴奋的；nervous紧张的；calm冷静的。根据前文“She had never seen a storm this bad”（她从没见过这么严重的暴雨）可知，恶劣天气会让人紧张，nervous符合语境。故选C。
17．句意：狂风咆哮，雨水拍打着屋顶和窗户。
blew吹；beat拍打、敲击；crashed碰撞、坠毁；flowed流动。描述雨水“拍打”屋顶窗户，beat符合动作特点。故选B。
18．句意：爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，同时妈妈在把重要文件和救灾物资装进包里。
when当……时；so所以；but但是；while同时。此处表示父母两个的动作同时发生，while符合语境。故选D。
19．句意：收音机说城市已经被淹了。
says（媒介）播报、说；talks交谈；speaks说话，常接语言；tells告诉、讲述。描述收音机“播报”内容，用says。故选A。
20．句意：我们可以开车穿过洪水！
onto到……上面；into进入；through穿过，指从物体内部穿过；across横过，指从物体表面穿过。此处表示从洪水“中间穿过”，through符合语境。故选C。
21．句意：不然流动的水会把车冲走的！
however然而；still仍然；instead反而；otherwise否则、不然。此处是妈妈提醒Mary“否则”会发生危险，otherwise符合逻辑。故选D。
22．句意：“别开门！”爸爸妈妈同时喊道。
shouted大喊；whispered低语；moved移动；reported报道。结合语境，阻止Mary开门是紧急情况，父母会“大喊”提醒，shouted符合场景。故选A。
23．句意：“Mary，别担心，一切都会好的，”她轻声说，尽力安慰Mary。
happily开心地；softly轻声地；sadly悲伤地；angrily生气地。妈妈是在安慰Mary，所以会“轻声”说话，softly符合语境。故选B。
24．句意：她的声音很平静，但Mary能看出她也很担心。
hear听见；think认为；say说；tell看出、辨别。表示“看出（对方的情绪）”，用tell符合搭配。故选D。
25．句意：屋内突然的寂静似乎让外面的风和雨更吓人了。
window窗户；disaster灾难；wind风；water水。前文提到“The wind roared and the rain...”，此处对应提及“风”，wind符合语境。故选C。
四、阅读理解
Modern disaster warning systems have revolutionized how societies prepare for cataclysms, leveraging cutting-edge technology to save lives. AI algorithms now analyze vast datasets from satellites and weather stations, predicting storms with up to 95% accuracy—far surpassing traditional methods. In Japan, a multi-layered warning system combines app notifications, blaring alarms, and TV broadcasts to deliver tsunami alerts within seconds of detection, giving residents precious minutes to reach higher ground.
Drones have emerged as game-changers in disaster response. Equipped with thermal imaging and GPS, these unmanned vehicles can survey earthquake-ravaged areas in real time, identifying survivors trapped under rubbish and mapping damage for rescue teams. In remote regions of Indonesia, drones have even delivered emergency supplies when roads and bridges are rendered impassable, cutting response times from hours to minutes.
Yet, challenges persist. Rural communities without reliable Internet or electricity often fall through the warning net, highlighting the need for inclusive solutions. Scientists are now developing solar-powered alarm systems and SMS-based alerts to reach the most vulnerable. “No one should be left unwarned because of their location,” emphasizes disaster researcher Dr. Mei Lin.
The 2024 Typhoon Hana serves as a testament to these technologies’ efficacy. Thanks to early AI predictions and drone-led evacuations, casualties were reduced by 82% compared to similar storms a decade ago. As climate-driven disasters grow more frequent, the global push to democratize warning systems remains urgent—ensuring that technology becomes a lifeline for all, not just the privileged.
26．What technology enables high-precision predictions
A．Traditional weathervanes. B．AI and satellite data.
C．Amateur radio networks. D．Manual observation.
27．How do Japanese tsunami warnings reach people
A．Through carrier pigeons. B．Via apps, alarms, and TV.
C．By community loudspeakers only. D．Through emergency mail.
28．What is a key challenge for warning systems
A．Over-reliance on AI. B．Lack of interest in cities.
C．Difficulty reaching remote areas. D．Excessive accuracy.
29．Why are warning systems crucial
A．To create job opportunities. B．To sell more technology.
C．To reduce panic during disasters. D．To save lives and minimize casualties.
30．What is the future focus for scientists
A．To develop more expensive drones. B．To abandon AI in favor of drones.
C．To ensure warnings reach all communities. D．To limit warnings to urban areas.
【答案】26．B 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们利用尖端技术打造现代灾害预警系统，帮助拯救生命，减少人员伤亡。
26．细节理解题。根据第一段“AI algorithms now analyze vast datasets from satellites and weather stations, predicting storms with up to 95% accuracy—far surpassing traditional methods.”可知，人工智能和卫星数据实现了高精度的预测。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“In Japan, a multi-layered warning system combines app notifications, blaring alarms, and TV broadcasts to deliver tsunami alerts within seconds of detection, giving residents precious minutes to reach higher ground.”可知，日本海啸警报是通过应用程序通知、响亮的警报和电视广播传给人们的，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段“Rural communities without reliable Internet or electricity often fall through the warning net...”可知，预警系统的关键挑战是难以到达偏远地区。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thanks to early AI predictions and drone-led evacuations, casualties were reduced by 82% compared to similar storms a decade ago.”可知，预警系统至关重要是因为它可以拯救生命并减少伤亡，故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“Scientists are now developing solar-powered alarm systems and SMS-based alerts to reach the most vulnerable. ‘No one should be left unwarned because of their location,’ emphasizes disaster researcher Dr. Mei Lin.”可知，科学家未来会关注确保预警到达所有的社区。故选C。
Pliny the Younger’s firsthand account of the Mount Vesuvius eruption in 79 AD offers a harrowing glimpse into ancient disaster. As the earth began to shudder violently, he and his mother fled their home in a town near Pompeii. The ground writhed like a living beast, and they watched in horror as the sea inexplicably receded, leaving marine life stranded on the exposed seabed—a portent of the impending catastrophe.
A towering column of ash and smoke erupted from the volcano, forming a dark cloud that swallowed the sky. The world plunged into an unnatural night, so dense that Pliny and his mother had to light torches to navigate. Through the choking darkness, they heard desperate screams echoing as families searched for one another, their voices muffled by the thick ash raining down. The air reeked of sulfur, and every breath carried the threat of suffocation.
Despite the chaos, Pliny refused to abandon his mother, clinging to her as they stumbled through the debris. His resolve to stay together amid the panic highlighted a rare courage amid the terror. When dawn finally broke, the landscape lay buried under layers of pumice, a stark reminder of nature’s destructive power. Yet, amid the ruins, the story underscores the indomitable human spirit—how even in the face of annihilation, acts of loyalty and resilience shine through.
31．What did Pliny witness during the eruption
A．The sea surging toward the coast. B．The sea retreating from the shore.
C．A vibrant, glowing sky. D．Unusual calm in the ocean.
32．Why did they need torches
A．The ash cloud blocked all light. B．They needed warmth.
C．Rain extinguished natural light. D．Strong winds blew out candles.
33．How did Pliny show courage
A．By leading a rescue team. B．By staying with his mother.
C．By shouting instructions to others. D．By escaping alone.
34．What is the central theme of the story
A．The unpredictability of volcanoes. B．The importance of early warnings.
C．Human courage during disasters. D．The science behind volcanic eruptions.
35．What’s the best title
A．The destruction of Pompeii B．Pliny’s Escape: A Tale of Bravery
C．Ancient Volcanic Wonders D．Life in Roman Times
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了小普林尼（Pliny the Younger）亲身经历公元79年维苏威火山爆发的恐怖过程，展现了灾难中的混乱景象以及人类的忠诚与坚韧精神。
31．细节理解题。根据“The ground writhed like a living beast, and they watched in horror as the sea inexplicably receded, leaving marine life stranded on the exposed seabed—a portent of the impending catastrophe.”可知，小普林尼目睹了海水从海岸退去的景象。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“A towering column of ash and smoke erupted from the volcano, forming a dark cloud that swallowed the sky. The world plunged into an unnatural night, so dense that Pliny and his mother had to light torches to navigate.”可知，火山喷发形成的火山灰云吞噬了天空，使世界陷入黑暗，因此他们需要火把照明。故选A。
33．细节理解题。根据“Despite the chaos, Pliny refused to abandon his mother, clinging to her as they stumbled through the debris. His resolve to stay together amid the panic highlighted a rare courage amid the terror.”可知，小普林尼在混乱中拒绝抛弃母亲，选择与母亲待在一起，这一行为体现了他的勇气。故选B。
34．主旨大意题。根据“Yet, amid the ruins, the story underscores the indomitable human spirit—how even in the face of annihilation, acts of loyalty and resilience shine through.”以及全文对小普林尼在灾难中坚守母亲身边的勇气的描述可知，文章的核心主题是灾难中的人类勇气。故选C。
35．最佳标题题。全文围绕小普林尼逃离维苏威火山爆发的经历展开，重点突出了他在灾难中不抛弃母亲的勇敢行为。“Pliny’s Escape: A Tale of Bravery”既概括了核心事件，又点明了“勇敢”的核心特质，是最适合的标题。故选B。
Have you ever heard of the avalanche (雪崩) The avalanche is a kind of sudden natural disaster like the earthquake. During an avalanche, a lot of snow and ice rush down the mountain. As they rush, the snow and ice move faster and faster. In fact, the snow in an avalanche can move as fast as two hundred miles an hour. That is almost three times faster than a car on the highway!
Most avalanches happen after big storms. In the mountains like the Alps and the Himalayas, there is snow and ice all year round. After big storms, new snow puts more pressure (压力) on the old snow. It can make the old snow rush down.
Avalanches are very dangerous. Heavy snow moving down the mountains may pull trees and rocks along. That can cause great damage, such as pushing over houses and killing people. Luckily, no one lives in the mountains where avalanches often happen. Not many people die from avalanches each year.
Most people who may lose their lives in avalanches are skiers (滑雪者). It’s important for them to stay safe while having fun in the snowy mountains. Scientists can usually tell whether (是否) an avalanche might happen or not. If you are a skier, remember to pay attention to scientists’ warnings before you go skiing.
36．Which word best describes the snow in an avalanche according to Paragraph 1
A．Slow. B．Fast. C．Rare. D．Common.
37．What makes the old snow rush down the mountains
A．The pressure. B．The mountain.
C．The storm. D．The ice.
38．What does the underlined word “damage” probably mean in Chinese
A．噩耗 B．扫荡 C．赔偿 D．破坏
39．What should skiers do before going skiing according to the passage
A．Go and talk to scientists about avalanches.
B．Learn about how to keep themselves safe.
C．Check whether there is an avalanche warning.
D．Live far away from the mountains with avalanches.
40．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A．teach people to stay away from avalanches
B．warn people of the possible avalanches
C．introduce a natural disaster
D．ask more people to go skiing
【答案】36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些和雪崩有关的知识。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段中“As they rush...faster than a car on the highway!”可知，雪崩时雪向下冲的速度很快，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After big storms, new snow puts more pressure on the old snow. It can make the old snow rush down.”可知，新雪压在旧雪上产生的压力，使旧雪冲下山。故选A。
38．词义猜测题。根据第三段中画线词后“such as pushing over houses and killing people”可知，雪崩会冲毁房屋，杀死人，造成巨大的破坏。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段中“If you are a skier, remember to pay attention to scientists' warnings before you go skiing.”可知，滑雪的人在去滑雪之前应该注意是否有雪崩警报。故选C。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Have you ever heard of the avalanche The avalanche is a kind of sudden natural disaster like the earthquake.”可知，本文主要介绍雪崩这种自然灾害。故选C。
A serious earthquake hit America several years ago. It killed many people in a few minutes. Then a father left his wife who was safe at home, and ran to his son’s school. When he arrived there, he found that the teaching building had fallen down.
He remembered his promise (承诺) to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” Remembering that his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he started digging (挖掘) there.
He dug for 8 hours…18 hours…28 hours…Other parents left one by one. The police said that there might be aftershocks and that he must leave. He asked each person, “Are you going to help me ” Then he kept digging.
Finally, after 36 hours, he moved away a large stone (石块) and heard his son. He called his son’s name. “Dad It’s me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that you would come to save us.”
“What’s going on there ” the father asked.
“There are 14 students, Dad. We’re scared, hungry and thirsty, but we are thankful that you’re here.”
“Come out, son!”
“Let the other kids go out first. I’m OK. No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!”
41．After arriving at the school, the father found that ________.
A．the teaching building had fallen down B．the students had left the school
C．all the kids were dead D．his son was fine
42．Why did the police try to stop the father
A．Because he needed to rest. B．Because the kids were missing.
C．Because they thought he was mad. D．Because there might be aftershocks.
43．The father found his son after digging for ________.
A．half a day B．one day C．one day and a half D．two days
44．The underlined word “thirsty” means “________” in Chinese.
A．干燥的 B．口渴的 C．失望的 D．感激的
45．What can be the best title for the passage
A．The Earthquake B．A Careful Father C．A Father’s Love D．A Lucky Boy
【答案】41．A 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文讲述了一位父亲在地震后冒着危险坚持挖掘，最终救出儿子和其他学生的感人故事，表现了父爱的伟大。
41．细节理解题。根据“When he arrived there, he found that the teaching building had fallen down.”可知，父亲到达学校时发现教学楼已倒塌。故选A。
42．细节理解题。根据“The police said that there might be aftershocks and that he must leave.”可知，警察让父亲停下是因为可能有余震。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据“Finally, after 36 hours, he moved away a large stone and heard his son.”可知，36小时是一天半。故选C。
44．词句猜测题。根据“There are 14 students, Dad. We’re scared, hungry and thirsty”可知，此处与“hungry”并列，表示口渴。故选B。
45．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述父爱的力量与坚持，最好的标题是“A Father’s Love”。故选C。
五、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
call to someone but happen be safe out way building
How to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake
Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes 46 very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some 47 to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
If you are indoors when the earthquake 48 , the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is 49 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember 50 protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run 51 of the building.
If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from 52 and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks （震动） after most earthquakes. We 53 them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.
When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. 54 may need help. You may feel afraid, 55 you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake.
【答案】
46．are 47．ways 48．happens 49．safer 50．to 51．out 52．buildings 53．call 54．Someone 55．but
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震发生时的安全防护措施，包括室内躲避、室外转移以及震后注意事项，帮助人们在地震中保护自己。
46．句意：每年会发生许多地震，其中一些地震非常强烈。结合“Many earthquakes”和备选词汇可知，此处是指地震“是”强烈的；主语“Some of these earthquakes”为复数，且描述一般事实，应用be动词的复数现在时形式are。故填are。
47．句意：了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中保持安全。结合“to protect yourself”和备选词汇可知，此处是指保护自己的“方法”；some后接可数名词复数形式，way的复数形式为ways。故填ways。
48．句意：如果你在地震发生时在室内，最安全的地方是结实的桌子或书桌下面。结合“the earthquake”和备选词汇可知，此处是指地震“发生”；when引导的时间状语从句中，主语the earthquake为单数，且描述一般情况，应用动词happen的第三人称单数形式happens。故填happens。
49．句意：坐在地板上的门口或靠近墙壁的地方比站在房间中央更安全。结合“than standing in the middle of a room”和备选词汇可知，此处含有比较意味，应用safe的比较级形式safer。故填safer。
50．句意：记住用你的手臂保护头部和颈部。结合“protect your head and neck with your arms”和备选词汇可知，此处为固定搭配“remember to do sth.”（记得做某事），应用不定式符号to。故填to。
51．句意：不要试图跑出建筑物。结合“run…of the building”和备选词汇可知，此处为固定搭配“run out of”（跑出），应用副词out。故填out。
52．句意：如果你在室外，转移到空旷区域。远离建筑物和树木。结合“Get away from…and trees”和备选词汇可知，此处是指远离“建筑物”；根据上下文“out of doors”及常识，应远离复数形式的建筑物，building的复数形式为buildings。故填buildings。
53．句意：我们称它们为余震，它们有时可能比第一次地震更危险。结合“We…them aftershocks”和备选词汇可知，此处为固定搭配“call sb./sth. + 名称”（称……为……），且主语为we，应用动词原形call。故填call。
54．句意：当你可以在周围安全活动时，检查你附近的人。可能有人需要帮助。结合“may need help”和备选词汇可知，此处是指“某人”可能需要帮助；句子开头需大写，应用不定代词Someone。故填Someone。
55．句意：你可能会感到害怕，但你应该尽量保持冷静。结合“You may feel afraid”和“you should try to stay calm”之间的转折关系，以及备选词汇可知，此处应用连词but表示转折。故填but。
六、书面表达
56．上周六，泰州下了一场暴雪。请根据下面的要点提示，写一篇短文。
提示：
暴风雪的后果 小贴士
风刮得很厉害，积雪覆盖了路面，人们在暴风雪中艰难行走。 为了保证我们的生命安全，在遇见危险时，我们应该……。
天黑之后，温度降到零度以下，路上结冰，行车困难，路上发生多起交通事故。
有辆车撞到了大树上，驾驶员受伤严重，幸好有人拨打110报警求助。
注意：
（1）词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Last Saturday, a heavy snowstorm hit Taizhou and it caused a lot of problems.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文:
Last Saturday, a heavy snowstorm hit Taizhou and it caused a lot of problems.
The wind was blowing strongly then and the thick snow covered the whole ground. People had to walk slowly through the deep snow. After it got dark, the temperature dropped below zero. What’s worse, the road was icy because of the low temperature and that made it very hard for drivers to drive cars. A lot of traffic accidents happened that night. A car crashed into a big tree and the driver was badly hurt. Luckily, someone called 110 for help.
In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”、“一般现在时”和“过去进行时”。
③提示：写作要点已给出，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：开门见山，引出话题；
第二步：介绍暴风雪后果，详细描述天黑后情况；
第三步：书写结尾，给出安全小贴士。
[亮点词汇]
①the thick snow积雪
②walk slowly缓慢行走
③In order to为了
④keep calm保持冷静
[高分句型]
①The wind was blowing strongly then and the thick snow covered the whole ground.（并列句）
②In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help.（动词不定式作目的状语）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 6 When disaster strikes提升培优评价卷
一、单项选择
1．The __________ of the disaster is still remembered today.
A．victim B．heroine C．impact D．alarm
2．__________ the support of her family, she recovered quickly.
A．Without B．With C．For D．From
3．She showed great __________ by facing the challenge after the disaster.
A．courage B．fashion C．safety D．drawback
4．Drones are used to __________ survivors in hard-to-reach areas.
A．hide B．find C．avoid D．refuse
5．While the hurricane __________, people were taking shelter.
A．blows B．blew C．was blowing D．is blowing
6．She __________ a torch in the parade after overcoming her fear.
A．carries B．carried C．will carry D．has carried
7．She __________ to inspire others since the disaster.
A．has tried B．tried C．will try D．tries
8．The volunteers __________ supplies while the survivors __________ for help.
A．provided; waited B．were providing; waited
C．provided; were waiting D．provide; wait
9．__________ the disaster, many buildings were damaged.
A．By the time B．Before C．After D．Until
10．Yesterday, the ash __________ the city, making it hard to breathe.
A．covers B．covered C．will cover D．is covering
二、补全对话
选择最佳选项完成对话 (有多余项)
(A reporter is asking Bert some questions about the earthquake last month.)
A: Bert, do you remember the earthquake last month
B: Of course. 11
A: What were you doing at that time
B: I was doing some shopping in a shopping centre.
A: 12
B: I tried my best to run out to the street. 13
A: But you know, it’s dangerous to run during the earthquake.
B: 14 But I know little about how to protect myself in an earthquake.
A: You should read some information about that online. 15
B: Very afraid.
A: Well, Bert, thanks for talking with me.
B: My pleasure.
A．Yes, I see.
B．I will never forget it.
C．Then what did you do
D．Did you shout for help
E．Many other people were also running quickly.
F．I think we should learn more about earthquakes.
G．By the way, how did you feel when you found yourself in danger
三、完形填空
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caught in a flood
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room. Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside. It had been raining nonstop for three days. She had never seen a storm this bad. It was making her 16 . The wind roared and the rain 17 on the roof and windows. Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio 18 Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we should leave here right away!”
“No,” said Dad. “It’s too late! The radio 19 the city has already been flooded.”
“We can drive our car 20 the floodwater! Let’s just leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary.
“We can’t do that, honey,” said Mum, “ 21 the moving water could wash the car away!”
Mary walked to the door. She was curious to see how much water there was outside. “Don’t open the door!” 22 Mum and Dad at the same time. “The water may flood in!”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door, in case the floodwater forced the door open. Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa. “Mary, don’t worry. Everything’s going to be OK,” she said 23 , trying her best to comfort Mary. Her voice was calm, but Mary could 24 she was worried, too.
Without saying a single word, Dad walked to the sofa, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the 25 and rain more frightening outside. What could they do
16．A．happy B．excited C．nervous D．calm
17．A．blew B．beat C．crashed D．flowed
18．A．when B．so C．but D．while
19．A．says B．talks C．speaks D．tells
20．A．onto B．into C．through D．across
21．A．however B．still C．instead D．otherwise
22．A．shouted B．whispered C．moved D．reported
23．A．happily B．softly C．sadly D．angrily
24．A．hear B．think C．say D．tell
25．A．window B．disaster C．wind D．water
四、阅读理解
Modern disaster warning systems have revolutionized how societies prepare for cataclysms, leveraging cutting-edge technology to save lives. AI algorithms now analyze vast datasets from satellites and weather stations, predicting storms with up to 95% accuracy—far surpassing traditional methods. In Japan, a multi-layered warning system combines app notifications, blaring alarms, and TV broadcasts to deliver tsunami alerts within seconds of detection, giving residents precious minutes to reach higher ground.
Drones have emerged as game-changers in disaster response. Equipped with thermal imaging and GPS, these unmanned vehicles can survey earthquake-ravaged areas in real time, identifying survivors trapped under rubbish and mapping damage for rescue teams. In remote regions of Indonesia, drones have even delivered emergency supplies when roads and bridges are rendered impassable, cutting response times from hours to minutes.
Yet, challenges persist. Rural communities without reliable Internet or electricity often fall through the warning net, highlighting the need for inclusive solutions. Scientists are now developing solar-powered alarm systems and SMS-based alerts to reach the most vulnerable. “No one should be left unwarned because of their location,” emphasizes disaster researcher Dr. Mei Lin.
The 2024 Typhoon Hana serves as a testament to these technologies’ efficacy. Thanks to early AI predictions and drone-led evacuations, casualties were reduced by 82% compared to similar storms a decade ago. As climate-driven disasters grow more frequent, the global push to democratize warning systems remains urgent—ensuring that technology becomes a lifeline for all, not just the privileged.
26．What technology enables high-precision predictions
A．Traditional weathervanes. B．AI and satellite data.
C．Amateur radio networks. D．Manual observation.
27．How do Japanese tsunami warnings reach people
A．Through carrier pigeons. B．Via apps, alarms, and TV.
C．By community loudspeakers only. D．Through emergency mail.
28．What is a key challenge for warning systems
A．Over-reliance on AI. B．Lack of interest in cities.
C．Difficulty reaching remote areas. D．Excessive accuracy.
29．Why are warning systems crucial
A．To create job opportunities. B．To sell more technology.
C．To reduce panic during disasters. D．To save lives and minimize casualties.
30．What is the future focus for scientists
A．To develop more expensive drones. B．To abandon AI in favor of drones.
C．To ensure warnings reach all communities. D．To limit warnings to urban areas.
Pliny the Younger’s firsthand account of the Mount Vesuvius eruption in 79 AD offers a harrowing glimpse into ancient disaster. As the earth began to shudder violently, he and his mother fled their home in a town near Pompeii. The ground writhed like a living beast, and they watched in horror as the sea inexplicably receded, leaving marine life stranded on the exposed seabed—a portent of the impending catastrophe.
A towering column of ash and smoke erupted from the volcano, forming a dark cloud that swallowed the sky. The world plunged into an unnatural night, so dense that Pliny and his mother had to light torches to navigate. Through the choking darkness, they heard desperate screams echoing as families searched for one another, their voices muffled by the thick ash raining down. The air reeked of sulfur, and every breath carried the threat of suffocation.
Despite the chaos, Pliny refused to abandon his mother, clinging to her as they stumbled through the debris. His resolve to stay together amid the panic highlighted a rare courage amid the terror. When dawn finally broke, the landscape lay buried under layers of pumice, a stark reminder of nature’s destructive power. Yet, amid the ruins, the story underscores the indomitable human spirit—how even in the face of annihilation, acts of loyalty and resilience shine through.
31．What did Pliny witness during the eruption
A．The sea surging toward the coast. B．The sea retreating from the shore.
C．A vibrant, glowing sky. D．Unusual calm in the ocean.
32．Why did they need torches
A．The ash cloud blocked all light. B．They needed warmth.
C．Rain extinguished natural light. D．Strong winds blew out candles.
33．How did Pliny show courage
A．By leading a rescue team. B．By staying with his mother.
C．By shouting instructions to others. D．By escaping alone.
34．What is the central theme of the story
A．The unpredictability of volcanoes. B．The importance of early warnings.
C．Human courage during disasters. D．The science behind volcanic eruptions.
35．What’s the best title
A．The destruction of Pompeii B．Pliny’s Escape: A Tale of Bravery
C．Ancient Volcanic Wonders D．Life in Roman Times
Have you ever heard of the avalanche (雪崩) The avalanche is a kind of sudden natural disaster like the earthquake. During an avalanche, a lot of snow and ice rush down the mountain. As they rush, the snow and ice move faster and faster. In fact, the snow in an avalanche can move as fast as two hundred miles an hour. That is almost three times faster than a car on the highway!
Most avalanches happen after big storms. In the mountains like the Alps and the Himalayas, there is snow and ice all year round. After big storms, new snow puts more pressure (压力) on the old snow. It can make the old snow rush down.
Avalanches are very dangerous. Heavy snow moving down the mountains may pull trees and rocks along. That can cause great damage, such as pushing over houses and killing people. Luckily, no one lives in the mountains where avalanches often happen. Not many people die from avalanches each year.
Most people who may lose their lives in avalanches are skiers (滑雪者). It’s important for them to stay safe while having fun in the snowy mountains. Scientists can usually tell whether (是否) an avalanche might happen or not. If you are a skier, remember to pay attention to scientists’ warnings before you go skiing.
36．Which word best describes the snow in an avalanche according to Paragraph 1
A．Slow. B．Fast. C．Rare. D．Common.
37．What makes the old snow rush down the mountains
A．The pressure. B．The mountain.
C．The storm. D．The ice.
38．What does the underlined word “damage” probably mean in Chinese
A．噩耗 B．扫荡 C．赔偿 D．破坏
39．What should skiers do before going skiing according to the passage
A．Go and talk to scientists about avalanches.
B．Learn about how to keep themselves safe.
C．Check whether there is an avalanche warning.
D．Live far away from the mountains with avalanches.
40．The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________.
A．teach people to stay away from avalanches
B．warn people of the possible avalanches
C．introduce a natural disaster
D．ask more people to go skiing
A serious earthquake hit America several years ago. It killed many people in a few minutes. Then a father left his wife who was safe at home, and ran to his son’s school. When he arrived there, he found that the teaching building had fallen down.
He remembered his promise (承诺) to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” Remembering that his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building, he started digging (挖掘) there.
He dug for 8 hours…18 hours…28 hours…Other parents left one by one. The police said that there might be aftershocks and that he must leave. He asked each person, “Are you going to help me ” Then he kept digging.
Finally, after 36 hours, he moved away a large stone (石块) and heard his son. He called his son’s name. “Dad It’s me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that you would come to save us.”
“What’s going on there ” the father asked.
“There are 14 students, Dad. We’re scared, hungry and thirsty, but we are thankful that you’re here.”
“Come out, son!”
“Let the other kids go out first. I’m OK. No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!”
41．After arriving at the school, the father found that ________.
A．the teaching building had fallen down B．the students had left the school
C．all the kids were dead D．his son was fine
42．Why did the police try to stop the father
A．Because he needed to rest. B．Because the kids were missing.
C．Because they thought he was mad. D．Because there might be aftershocks.
43．The father found his son after digging for ________.
A．half a day B．one day C．one day and a half D．two days
44．The underlined word “thirsty” means “________” in Chinese.
A．干燥的 B．口渴的 C．失望的 D．感激的
45．What can be the best title for the passage
A．The Earthquake B．A Careful Father C．A Father’s Love D．A Lucky Boy
五、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
call to someone but happen be safe out way building
How to Protect Yourself in the Earthquake
Many earthquakes happen every year. Some of these earthquakes 46 very strong. When they happen in cities, they can be very serious. Many people will be hurt or die in the earthquakes. Knowing some 47 to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake.
If you are indoors when the earthquake 48 , the safest place is under a strong table or desk. Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is 49 than standing in the middle of a room. Remember 50 protect your head and neck with your arms. Stay away from windows, tall furniture and pictures or anything that may fall on you. Do not try to run 51 of the building.
If you are out of doors, move to clear areas. Get away from 52 and trees. Be very careful of fallen power lines. The danger is not over when the strong shaking stops. There will be some shocks （震动） after most earthquakes. We 53 them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake.
When it is safe for you to move around, check the people near you. 54 may need help. You may feel afraid, 55 you should try to stay calm. That is the most important thing to do in the earthquake.
六、书面表达
56．上周六，泰州下了一场暴雪。请根据下面的要点提示，写一篇短文。
提示：
暴风雪的后果 小贴士
风刮得很厉害，积雪覆盖了路面，人们在暴风雪中艰难行走。 为了保证我们的生命安全，在遇见危险时，我们应该……。
天黑之后，温度降到零度以下，路上结冰，行车困难，路上发生多起交通事故。
有辆车撞到了大树上，驾驶员受伤严重，幸好有人拨打110报警求助。
注意：
（1）词数80~100，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Last Saturday, a heavy snowstorm hit Taizhou and it caused a lot of problems.
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