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Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注（常见搭配/例句提示）
review /r vju / 书评；评论 n. 搭配write a book review（写书评），例：She wrote a wonderful review of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.（她写了一篇精彩的《查理和巧克力工厂》书评）
magical / m d k l/ 奇妙的；迷人的 adj. 搭配a magical moment（奇妙的时刻），例：Charlie’s happy family was the most magical part of the story.（查理幸福的家庭是故事中最奇妙的部分）
poor /p / 贫穷的；清贫的 adj. 搭配a poor family（贫困的家庭），例：The family was poor but full of love.（这个家庭虽然贫穷，但充满爱）
freezing / fri z / 极冷的；严寒的 adj. 搭配freezing wind（寒风），例：Freezing wind swept across the floor on winter nights.（冬夜，寒风席卷着地板）
touch /t t / 感动；触动 v. 搭配touch sb. greatly（深深打动某人），例：The family’s happiness touched me greatly.（这家人的幸福深深打动了我）
choose /t u z/ 选择；挑选 v. 过去式chose，过去分词chosen，搭配choose to do sth.（选择做某事），例：He chose to help others to find happiness.（他选择通过帮助别人寻找幸福）
rich /r t / 富有的；丰富的 adj. 反义词poor，搭配be rich in love（充满爱），例：They were poor in things but rich in love.（他们物质清贫，却爱意满满）
shame / e m/ 羞愧；遗憾 n. 搭配What a shame!（真遗憾！），例：It’s a shame that you missed the happy moment.（你错过了那个幸福瞬间，真遗憾）
customer / k st m / 顾客；客户 n. 搭配a shop customer（商店顾客），例：The customers were surprised by his long hair.（顾客们对他的长发感到惊讶）
cancer / k ns / 癌症 n. 搭配kids with cancer（癌症患儿），例：His hair was used to make wigs for kids with cancer.（他的头发被用来给癌症患儿做假发）
wig /w ɡ/ 假发 n. 可数名词，例：The hospital received enough hair for three wigs.（医院收到了足够做三顶假发的头发）
survey / s ve / 调查 n. 搭配do a survey（做调查），例：They did a survey about people’s views on happiness.（他们做了一项关于人们幸福观的调查）
positive / p z t v/ 积极的；乐观的 adj. 搭配a positive attitude（积极的态度），例：Staying positive helps us find happiness easily.（保持乐观能让我们更容易找到幸福）
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
keep going over 反复回想；仔细考虑 He kept going over the exciting story in his mind.（他脑海中不断回想着那个激动人心的故事）
to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 To my surprise, the poor family were always happy.（令我惊讶的是，这个贫困的家庭总是很幸福）
sweep across 席卷；横扫 Freezing wind swept across the small house all night.（寒风整夜席卷着那间小屋）
bring back 唤起；使回忆起 The taste of mom’s porridge brings back sweet memories.（妈妈熬的粥的味道唤起了美好的回忆）
laugh at 嘲笑；取笑 Some people laughed at his long hair, but he didn’t care.（有人嘲笑他的长发，但他并不在意）
day after day 日复一日；天天 Day after day, hope grew together with his hair.（日复一日，他的头发渐渐长长，希望也随之增长）
fall around 散落；环绕 His long hair fell around his shoulders when he took off the hat.（他摘下帽子时，长发散落在肩头）
take off 脱下；摘下 He took off his hat and showed his long hair.（他摘下帽子，露出了长发）
spring from 源于；来自 Happiness springs from doing good and helping others.（幸福源于行善和帮助他人）
do away with 消除；摆脱 Fun can do away with bad feelings and lift our spirits.（乐趣能消除坏情绪，振奋我们的精神）
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注（用法说明）
Sb. was/were + 形容词 + (because + 从句) 某人（过去）是……的（因为……） The family was poor but happy because they loved each other.（这个家庭虽然贫穷但很幸福，因为他们彼此相爱） 一般过去时表过去的状态，适配描述过去的幸福场景
Sb. did sth. (to + 目的) 某人做了某事（为了……） He grew his hair for over two years to help kids with cancer.（他留了两年多头发，为了帮助癌症患儿） 一般过去时表过去的动作，不定式表目的，贴合助人获福主题
To one’s surprise, + 从句 令某人惊讶的是，…… To my surprise, the simple meal made everyone feel warm.（令我惊讶的是，这顿简单的饭菜让每个人都感到温暖） 表达意外的幸福瞬间，增强表达感染力
It’s the key to happiness to + 动词原形 做某事是幸福的关键 It’s the key to happiness to care about others.（关心他人是幸福的关键） 强调幸福的核心要素，适配主题升华
Sb. felt + 形容词 + after + doing sth. 某人做某事之后感到…… She felt happy after helping the old man cross the road.（她帮老人过马路后感到很开心） 描述助人后的感受，贴合单元“助人获福”主线
What a + 形容词 + 名词 (it is)! 多么……的某物啊！ What a magical moment it was for the whole family!（对全家人来说，那是多么奇妙的一刻啊！） 感叹幸福瞬间，增强情感表达
Sb. didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语 某人没有做某事 He didn’t care about others’ laughs and stuck to his plan.（他不在乎别人的嘲笑，坚持自己的计划） 一般过去时否定式，描述过去的坚守与选择
四、语法拓展：一般过去时详解
1. 核心用法
用法 含义 例句（单元语境）
表示过去发生的动作 一次性、已完成的过去动作 He cut his long hair and sent it to the hospital.（他剪掉长发，寄给了医院）
表示过去的状态或特征 过去持续存在的状态、性格等 The family was poor but full of love.（这个家庭过去很贫穷，但充满爱）
表示过去的习惯性动作 过去经常发生的动作，常与often、used to等连用 He trained every morning in the park when he was young.（他年轻时每天早上在公园训练）
2. 结构形式
（1）be动词的一般过去时
人称 肯定式 否定式 疑问式
I I was happy to help others. I was not (wasn’t) happy at first. Was I lucky to meet them
He/She/It She was touched by the story. It was not (wasn’t) a rich family. Was the story magical
We/You/They They were always kind to each other. They were not (weren’t) afraid of poverty. Were they happy together
（2）行为动词的一般过去时
人称 肯定式 否定式 疑问式
I/We/You/They We shared happy moments with family. We didn’t (did not) have much money. Did you enjoy the family dinner
He/She/It He grew his hair for two years. She didn’t (did not) laugh at others. Did he send his hair to the hospital
3. 动词过去式变化规则
规则 示例（单元词汇）
一般直接加-ed look→looked、touch→touched、laugh→laughed
以不发音的e结尾加-d live→lived、decide→decided、hope→hoped
以“辅音+y”结尾，变y为i加-ed hurry→hurried、carry→carried
重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed stop→stopped、plan→planned、cut→cut（特殊）
不规则变化 be→was/were、do→did、go→went、choose→chose、take→took

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