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湖北省宜昌2025-2026学年八年级英语上册期末考试模拟题
（总分120分 时间120分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、听力测试（共25题，每小题1分，满分25分）
听力选择
1．A．Twenty minutes. B．Sounds cool. C．Two kilometers.
2．A．In April. B．At a hotel. C．Every day.
3．A．200 tons. B．Around the sea. C．About 90 years.
4．A．It’s 8:00. B．Hard-working. C．Sorry, I can’t.
5．A．In Sichuan. B．It’s green. C．It’s useful.
6．Who is the tallest boy in Mike’s class
A．Jim. B．Simon. C．Mike.
7．What is Tom like now
A．He is very tall. B．He is very strong. C．He is very heavy.
8．Who studies the hardest of the three
A．Linda. B．Ben. C．Mary.
9．What does the man think of making dumplings
A．Interesting. B．Simple. C．Hard.
10．What did Molly do on vacation
A．She read books. B．She visited a farm. C．She went shopping.
11．What would the man probably say next
A．OK, I’ll have a try. B．Let me cut up the mango. C．But I never like the salad!
12．Which of the following are the speakers talking about
A． B．C．
听长对话, 回答小题。
13．What’s David like
A．Outgoing. B．Shy. C．Lazy.
14．How does Peter often talk to David
A．By using the Internet. B．By writing to each other. C．By making phone calls.
15．What are the two speakers talking about
A．How to make friends. B．A mobile phone game. C．A boy in a photo.
听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。
16．What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Father and daughter.
17．What does Anna want to be in the future
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．An engineer.
18．What is Anna going to do for her dream
A．Find a part-time job. B．Join an English club. C．Practise English every day.
听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。
19．What gift is popular for a holiday in France
A．chocolate. B．Scarves. C．Cakes.
20．What does Sophie think is the most important about a gift
A．Its size. B．Its price. C．Its meaning.
21．What does Sophie think of the man’s suggestion
A．Surprising. B．Fantastic. C．Strange.
听下面一段对话，回答四个小题。
22．What’s new in Tom’s life
A．He has new neighbours. B．He has a new garden. C．He has a new friend.
23．What did Tom do when he saw a boy in the garden
A．He had a talk with him.
B．He went to play with him.
C．He told him to go back into his house.
24．How might Tom feel when “the boy” asked him the same questions
A．Angry. B．Surprised. C．Happy.
25．What can we know from the conversation
A．Tom and the boy became good friends.
B．Tom talked with two different boys in the garden.
C．Tom’s neighbours were not friendly to him.
二、完形填空（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently, in Fushun, Liaoning Province, a man called Mr. Sun did something that touched the hearts of many people.
Sun used AI face-swapping (换脸) technology to make a video of his late (已故的) 26 for his 91-year-old grandmother. In the video, it looked like his father was 27 . Mr. Sun hoped this video could make a 28 to his grandmother’s low spirits.
Making this video was 29 for Mr. Sun. It took him almost half a month and he cried many times because he 30 his father very much.
In 2022, Mr. Sun’s father got seriously ill. Though the family had made a great effort (努力) to help him with the illness, the father 31 in 2023. 32 terrible news! The family were very sad, but they didn’t tell the grandmother about her son’s death because they were worried about her health. They just 33 her that her son was in hospital in Beijing.
Seeing how much his grandmother missed his father, Mr. Sun wanted to do something to keep the 34 between his grandmother and his father. He first 35 what it would be like if his father could communicate with them. Then he got an idea from science fiction films. He used AI face-swapping technology to make a video to comfort (安慰) his grandmother. With the help of AI, he made his 36 look like his father’s. In the video, Mr. Sun said, “Mom, this is Jihai. Don’t worry—I’m getting much 37 here in Beijing, and I’ll come back to see you soon.” Even though the video wasn’t perfect, his grandmother 38 it was her son speaking and felt happy.
Mr. Sun felt a mix of feelings while making the video. He was sad and missed his father, but he was 39 happy to bring some comfort to his grandmother.
Now many people are trying to bring their late family “back to life” with AI. Some think it’s a sweet way to comfort the bereaved (失去亲人的人), while others worry it will make people 40 with wrong hope when they realize the “family member” isn’t real. What’s your opinion about it
26．A．grandfather B．grandmother C．father D．mother
27．A．talking B．walking C．appearing D．singing
28．A．plan B．difference C．mess D．mistake
29．A．safe B．simple C．hard D．dangerous
30．A．missed B．thanked C．reminded D．compared
31．A．traveled B．arrived C．left D．attended
32．A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
33．A．taught B．protected C．told D．reminded
34．A．connection B．gift C．dream D．order
35．A．agreed B．imagined C．solved D．decided
36．A．leg B．hand C．appearance D．arm
37．A．more B．less C．better D．worse
38．A．changed B．expected C．promised D．believed
39．A．also B．again C．almost D．only
40．A．surprised B．disappointed C．excited D．relaxed
三、阅读理解（共20题，每小题2分，满分40分）
A
①Nature is amazing! Look closely at the world of insects, and you will find many interesting facts. Let’s take butterflies as an example. They have beautiful, colorful wings and strong, fantastic flying skills. On summer days, you always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields.
②But do you know how a butterfly grows It is one of the most fantastic wonders (奇观) of nature. First, a butterfly lays (产卵) a small colorful egg on a leaf of a plant.
③It’s hard to believe that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk, and see. But it is still not a butterfly.
④After the caterpillar grows big, it makes a cover to protect itself. It stays inside this soft cover and goes to sleep. We call it the “pupa” stage (成蛹阶段).
⑤After some days, the cover breaks open. A wet and weak (脆弱的) butterfly comes out. It has six legs, a mouth, eyes, and wings. Soon, the wings become dry and strong. The beautiful butterfly spreads (伸展) its wings and flies away. A few weeks later, this butterfly lays her eggs, and the life cycle starts again.
⑥This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
41．What can we know about butterflies from Paragraph 1
A．Butterflies are a kind of insects. B．Butterflies are very common in winter.
C．Butterflies have white wings. D．Butterflies have a good sense of smell.
42．What does the underlined word caterpillar in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．虫卵 B．幼虫 C．蛹 D．蝴蝶
43．What is the right order of the growth of a butterfly
① It becomes a pupa. ②It becomes a walking insect.
③A butterfly lays an egg. ④It spreads wings and flies away.
A．①②③④ B．①②④③ C．③②①④ D．③②④①
44．Why does the writer write the last paragraph
A．To describe another wonder of nature
B．To ask people to watch butterflies more
C．To end the story of the butterfly’s life
D．To encourage readers to explore more in nature
45．What is the best title for the text
A．One insect, different colors B．One insect, four lives
C．The kinds of butterflies D．The habits of butterflies
B
①Drones (无人机) are a kind of machine that can fly. They’re becoming more and more popular. People usually use a computer to control (控制) this flying machine. Drones can do many things for us, like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger. Some people say this special machine will change (改变) our life as much as the computer does.
②In Brazil, farmers use drones to watch their crops (庄稼) . Brazil has quite a few large farms. On these farms, people find it difficult to look after all the crops. Drones can help farmers to find out if (是否) the crops are ill. They also help farmers use fewer farm medicines. This can help the environment and save much money.
③Drones can also help to find lost people. If people are lost, who are far from home, police can use drones to find them. A 92-year-old man in Virginia was lost and had to spend a night in the forest. The police looked for him all night. Luckily, the drone found him in 20 minutes. He was finally saved by the police.
④What’s more, drones can even serve people coffee. US company (公司) IBM has made this kind of drone. It can carry coffee to those in need. The drone can know when to bring a cup of coffee by studying a person’s habits. Then the drone will fly to the person. There is a special device (设备) under the drone. It helps the drone to give people the coffee. The drone can also predict when someone needs their next cup of coffee.
46．In Paragraph 1, the writer tells us the uses of drones by ________.
A．giving examples B．listing numbers
C．answering questions D．using famous sayings
47．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Drones are more useful than computers.
B．Drones don’t need anyone to control them.
C．Drones can help look for people that are lost.
D．Drones can help people make coffee when they need.
48．What does “it” in the last Paragraph refer to (指代)
A．The drone. B．The special device. C．The person. D．The coffee.
49．Which one is the right structure (结构) of the passage
A．①/②③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①/②③④ D．①②③/④
50．What is the main idea of the passage
A．Drones can watch the crops. B．Drones can save much money.
C．Drones can serve people coffee. D．Drones have many uses.
C
It was a hot day. Mark and Tony were glad because they could relax today. It was Wednesday yesterday, and it took a few hours to send all of the cans (罐) that they saved to the recycling (回收) center.
Today, the boys had to know how much money they got and what to do with it. They talked about bikes and basketballs, and they dreamed about rockets and hot air balloons.
As they walked, Mark found a can and picked it up without thinking about it. When he saw the can in his hand, he laughed. “Old habits die hard! Maybe we should buy more rubbish (垃圾) bags.” Tony said.
Mark and Tony still laughed about picking up cans until they met Mr. Thomas.
“Hi, Mr. Thomas,” smiled Tony. “Where are you going ”
“Hi, kids! Nice to see you,” Mr. Thomas seemed pleased. “I’m on my way to help at the food bank.”
“What do you usually do there ” Mark asked.
“Oh, I usually help there after work. They always need to help pack (打包) or unpack cans of food,” Mr. Thomas answered. “The bank helps those people who don’t have enough money to buy food.”
“Not enough money for food ” said the boys together in surprise. They looked at each other for a minute and agreed.
“Can we come with you, Mr. Thomas ” Tony asked. “I think we just found out what to do with our recycling money.”
51．What did Mark and Tony do on Wednesday
A．They picked up cans on the street. B．They sold the cans to the recycling center.
C．They learned how to make rockets. D．They talked about what to do with the money.
52．When did Mr. Thomas go to the food bank
A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday. D．On Friday.
53．What does the underlined word pleased mean (意思是) in Paragraph 6
A．Happy. B．Surprised. C．Lucky. D．Angry.
54．Which of the following is the right order (顺序) in the story
①Tony thought they should buy more rubbish bags.
②Mark picked up another can without thinking more.
③The boys found out how to spend their recycling money.
④The boys met Mr. Thomas who was going to help at the food bank.
A．④③①② B．②④①③ C．④①③② D．②①④③
55．What’s the possible ending of the story
A．The boys asked for a part-time job at the food bank once a week.
B．Mark bought a bike and Tony bought a basketball with the money.
C．The boys bought food for poor people with their recycling money.
D．The boys became interested in rockets and dreamed to work at them.
第二节 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Tom was a fat boy when he was ten. He liked mobile phone games very much. He played mobile phone games at least 5 hours every day. 56 Wherever he went, he would be late.
One day, he found a pair of special glasses in his postbox. He also found a message saying, “With these glasses, you can see time.” The boy decided to have a try. He put the glasses on and looked at his brother, a tall and thin boy. There was a big box of flowers on top of his brother’s head. 57 When he looked at his parents, he also saw the flowers. The three boxes were very large and the flowers were very beautiful.
58 He saw the flowers, too. But his flowers were going into the mouth of the mobile phone. Its mouth was big. 59
At last, he learned that playing mobile phone games was a waste (浪费) of time. 60 He decided he would never again let the mobile phone eat his time.
A．And it wasn’t just his brother.
B．He could learn nothing from it.
C．He didn’t like studying or exercising.
D．His brother gave the flowers to him.
E．His flowers became fewer and fewer.
F．Then he looked at himself in the mirror.
四、选词填空（共10题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
when appear take activity solve they hobby small promise lucky
Yang He, a man who is over 60 years old, loves taking photos. He comes from Yichang, Hubei Province. He is also a lover of the finless porpoise (江豚) . For the past six years, he 61 about 100, 000 photos of the animal.
Every day, Yang gets up early and drives to the banks of the Changjiang River. He waits there for hours for finless porpoises to 62 from the water. He wants to show how beautiful they are through his camera.
“ 63 I was a teenager, I could see many finless porpoises. I could often watch them make 64 way along the river.” Yang said, “But because of human 65 , the river was polluted seriously. And the number of finless porpoises became 66 than years ago.
Later, people did a lot to 67 this problem. And it worked well. In 2017, Yang was 68 to take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long time’s waiting. In 2019, he was able to take more photos and some were about the finless porpoises catching fish.
Today, people can often see groups of finless porpoises jumping above the water. “I 69 that I will show their beauty as long as I am able to carry a camera,” Yang said, “It’s my 70 during my life. I hope there will be more and more finless porpoises in the Changjiang River in the near future.”
五、任务型阅读（共5空，每空2分，满分10分）
When I was a child, my hero was the Australian reporter Steve Irwin. I wrote a three-page article about his work with animals. His films were amazing, and made me choose a job like his.
When I said I wanted to study Earth Science at university, people said “What will you do with your life after studying that ” In fact I’m already using it, and I haven’t even finished studying yet! I make films and write about science and nature.
Lots of people follow me online. I write about things I want to find out about. I always say if I’m not sure about something, and I often write, “I’m finding out new things, just like all of you!”
People often ask about simple ways to help nature. Some things should be easy, but they aren’t. For example, I hate plastic (塑料), because it’s dangerous for animals. But the supermarket around me only sells fruit in plastic bags. I’d love to buy it without these, but I can’t.
Schools now spend more time telling pupils about wildlife, which I’m happy about. Kids already know what’s dangerous for animals, like pollution and rubbish. I’d like more schools to do some activities, for example, taking kids out to pick up rubbish near their school, to make the world safer for them.
71．The writer’s hero, an Australian reporter called Steve Irwin made her choose her . (仅填1词)
72．The simple ways that people can help nature according to (依据) the writer (至少列举一条)
(不超过10个词)
73．Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
A Science Reporter
Learning at university Studying Earth Science helps me . (不超过5个词)
Doing online Write about things . (不超过10个词)
Challenges I find we can’t always help.
Suggestions Schools should make children do things that help animals and nature.
74．What’s your understanding of “Some things should be easy, but they aren’t” Use your own words.
. (结合自身实际，不超过20词)
六、书面表达（满分20分）
75．假期是一段休憩放松的好时光，也是自我管理提高的好时机，更是整装待发的加油站。假如你是Li Hua，请你给笔友Mike写一封信，向他介绍一下自己的假期设想。
写作要求：
1. 内容须包含图中信息，语言表达准确，逻辑清晰，语意通顺、连贯；
2. 文中不得出现真实的校名或人名；
3. 80词左右，文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
How are you Winter vacation is coming. Now let me tell you something about
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are you going to do on winter vacation Please write to me.
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．C
【原文】How far is it from your home to school
2．B
【原文】Where are you going to work
3．C
【原文】How long can blue whales live up to
4．B
【原文】What do people think of bees
5．A
【原文】Where is the bamboo sea
6．B
【原文】W: Look! Who is coming here, Mike
M: It’s Simon, the tallest boy in our class. He is even taller than Jim.
7．B
【原文】W: I know Tom was very weak before, but he is very strong now.
M: Yes, he does sports every day.
8．A
【原文】M: Does Ben study as hard as Mary
W: Yes, but Linda studies harder than both of them.
9．B
【原文】A: You are really good at making dumplings. It’s always difficult for me.
B: Well, it’s pretty simple. I’ll show you later.
10．A
【原文】M: I visited my uncle’s farm on vacation. What about you, Molly
W: Well, I just stayed at home to read and relax.
11．A
【原文】A: I don’t really like the mango salad. Don’t you think it’s too sweet
B: Come on, I put some yogurt into it. It won’t be that e and have a try.
12．A
【原文】A: Do you know what is the largest animal in the world
B: Yeah, it’s the blue whale. An adult blue whale is as heavy as 25 adult elephants.
13．B 14．A 15．C
【原文】W: Hello, Peter, are you playing with your phone
M: Not really. I’m just looking at a photo of my pen friend.
W: Who’s the boy in the photo
M: That’s David. He is a nice boy from Canada.
W: Is he as outgoing as you
M: No, he doesn’t like talking or meeting new people.
W: Is he good at science, just like you
M: No, I’m better at science, but he is much better at math than me.
W: Do you always write to each other
M: Sometimes. We often talk through the Internet. You know, it’s much easier.
16．B 17．B 18．C
【原文】A: Good morning, Mr. Brown.
B: Morning, Anna. Today is our last class together. How’s your study going these days
A: Pretty good. I’m busy preparing for the exams. I want to enter a better college.
B: I’m very glad to hear that. I think the future will be exciting. What do you want to be in the future, Anna
A: I want to be an English teacher.
B: How are you going to do that
A: I’m going to study harder and practise English every day.
B: Why do you choose this job
A: Because I know many schools need English teachers.
B: Great! That’s an excellent plan. I believe you can make it.
A: Thanks a lot.
19．A 20．C 21．B
【原文】A: Hey, Sophie, what kind of gifts do people usually give during holidays in France
B: In France, we usually give flowers or chocolate. They’re popular during holidays.
A: Interesting. In the UK, people often give handmade gifts like scarves or cakes. I think what’s the most important is the meaning behind the gift, not the price.
B: Yes, I agree. Maybe next time we can share our gifts. That must be fun.
A: Sounds perfect.
22．A 23．A 24．B 25．B
【原文】A: Anything new happened, Tom
B: Nothing much. We have new neighbors.
A: What are they like
B: They’re quite funny. A boy was in the garden, so I went to talk to him and answered many questions from him.
A: So what’s so funny about that
B: He went back into his house and I was still in the garden. Then he came out and asked me the same questions again.
A: How come What did you do
B: I said nothing and just answered him again. But in fact, I talked to two different boys. I saw them both in the garden together a few days later. They are twins and they look the same.
A: Can you tell the differences between them
B: No, not at all. I can’t see any differences.
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了孙先生运用人工智能换脸技术制作已故父亲的视频，以此来安慰91岁祖母的故事。
26．句意：孙先生利用人工智能换脸技术为91岁的祖母制作了一段已故父亲的视频。
grandfather祖父；grandmother祖母；father父亲；mother母亲。根据“it looked like his father”可知，制作已故父亲的视频。故选C。
27．句意：在视频中，他父亲好像在说话。
talking说话；walking走路；appearing出现；singing唱歌。根据“In the video, Mr. Sun said”“his grandmother … it was her son speaking”可知，视频中，孙先生的父亲好像在说话。故选A。
28．句意：孙先生希望这段视频能改变他祖母的低落情绪。
plan计划；difference差异；mess混乱；mistake错误。根据“make a … to his grandmother’s low feelings”可知，是改变他祖母的低落情绪。make a difference“起作用；有影响”。故选B。
29．句意：制作这段视频对孙先生来说很难。
safe安全的；simple简单的；hard困难的；dangerous危险的。根据“It took him almost half a month and he cried many times”可知，制作这段视频对他来说很难。故选C。
30．句意：他花了将近半个月的时间，哭了很多次，因为他非常想念他的父亲。
missed想念；thanked感谢；reminded提醒；compared比较。根据“he cried many times”可知，他非常想念他的父亲。故选A。
31．句意：尽管家人竭尽全力帮助他治疗疾病，但这位父亲还是在2023年离开了。
traveled旅行；arrived到达；left离开；attended出席。根据“Though the family had made a great effort (努力) to help him with the illness”和“his late (已故的)”可知，孙先生的父亲在2023年离开了。故选C。
32．句意：多么糟糕的消息！
How多么，修饰形容词或副词；What多么，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；What a多么，修饰可数名词单数，后接辅音音素开头的单词；What an多么，修饰可数名词单数，后接元音音素开头的单词。这是一个感叹句，中心词为不可数名词news，用what引导感叹句。故选B。
33．句意：他们只是告诉她，她的儿子在北京住院。
taught教；protected保护；told告诉；reminded提醒。根据“but they didn’t tell the grandmother about her son’s death”可知，没有告诉她实情，而是告诉她，她的儿子在北京住院。故选C。
34．句意：孙先生看到祖母那么想念父亲，就想做点什么来保持祖母和父亲之间的联系。
connection联系；gift礼物；dream梦想；order命令。根据“keep the … between his grandmother and his father”和“what it would be like if his father could communicate with them”可知，他想做点什么来保持祖母和父亲之间的联系。故选A。
35．句意：他首先想象了如果他的父亲能和他们交流会是什么样子。
agreed同意；imagined想象；solved解决；decided决定。根据“what it would be like if his father could communicate with them”可知，是想象了这个画面。故选B。
36．句意：在人工智能的帮助下，他让自己的外表看起来像他父亲。
leg腿；hand手；appearance外表；arm胳膊。根据“Sun used AI face-swapping (换脸) technology”和“look like his father’s”可知，是让自己的外表看起来像他父亲。故选C。
37．句意：别担心，我在北京好多了，我很快就会回来看你的。
more更多；less更少；better更好；worse更差。根据“Don’t worry”可知，让祖母别担心，应是好多了。故选C。
38．句意：尽管视频并不完美，但他的祖母相信是她的儿子在说话，并感到很高兴。
changed改变；expected期望；promised承诺；believed相信。根据“it was her son speaking and felt happy”可知，祖母相信是儿子在说话，感到很高兴。故选D。
39．句意：他很难过，以及想念他的父亲，但他也很高兴能给他的祖母带来一些安慰。
also也；again再次；almost几乎；only仅仅。根据“his grandmother … felt happy”和“He was sad and missed his father”可知，他也很高兴能给他的祖母带来一些安慰。故选A。
40．句意：一些人认为这是一种安慰死者家属的甜蜜方式，而另一些人则担心，当人们意识到“家庭成员”不是真实的时，这会让他们对错误的希望感到失望。
surprised惊讶的；disappointed失望的；excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的。根据“when they realize the ‘family member’ isn’t real”可知，当人们意识到“家庭成员”不是真实的时，他们会失望。故选B。
41．A 42．B 43．C 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要以蝴蝶为例，介绍了其从产卵、变为幼虫、成蛹到展翅飞走的完整生命周期，展现了自然界的奇观并鼓励读者探索自然。
41．细节理解题。根据“Nature is amazing! Look closely at the world of insects, and you will find many interesting facts. Let’s take butterflies as an example.”可知，蝴蝶是一种昆虫。故选A。
42．词句猜测题。根据“It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. A new life begins. The caterpillar can eat, walk, and see. But it is still not a butterfly.”以及后文提到的“成蛹阶段”可知，蝴蝶产卵后会变成能爬、能吃、能看但还不是蝴蝶的幼虫，因此“caterpillar”意为“幼虫”。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据文章描述：“First, a butterfly lays (产卵) a small colorful egg on a leaf of a plant.”（③蝴蝶产卵）→ “It becomes a walking insect called a caterpillar.”（②变成会爬的昆虫）→ “After the caterpillar grows big, it makes a cover to protect itself... We call it the ‘pupa’ stage (成蛹阶段).”（①变成蛹）→ “The beautiful butterfly spreads (伸展) its wings and flies away.”（④展翅飞走）可知，蝴蝶生长的正确顺序是③②①④。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据“This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.”可知，作者在最后一段提到这只是自然界奇观的一个例子，呼吁人们观察自然世界，因此目的是鼓励读者探索更多自然界的奥秘。故选D。
45．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，蝴蝶的生命周期依次经历“卵→幼虫→蛹→成虫”四个阶段，每个阶段形态完全不同，如同四种不同的生命形态，因此“一种昆虫，四种生命”最适合作为文章标题。故选B。
46．A 47．C 48．B 49．C 50．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了无人机的多种用途，包括在农业上帮助农民监测庄稼、在搜救中寻找失踪人员，还能为有需要的人运送咖啡，展现了无人机在不同场景中的实用价值。
46．细节理解题。根据“like carrying things, taking pictures, and following animals that are in danger”可知，第一段是通过举例子的方式说明无人机的用途，故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据“Drones can also help to find lost people”可知，无人机能帮助寻找失踪的人，故选C。
48．词句猜测题。根据“There is a special device under the drone.”和“It helps the drone to give people the coffee”可猜测，it指代的是无人机下方的特殊设备，故选B。
49．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，第一段总述无人机的用途和普及性，第二、三、四段分别介绍无人机在农业、搜救、送咖啡方面的具体应用，文章是“总—分”结构，故选C。
50．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，文中介绍了无人机在农业监测、搜救、运送咖啡等多个场景的用途，故选D。
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了马克和托尼周三将攒的罐子送到回收中心后，讨论如何处理回收所得的钱，在遇到托马斯先生后决定将钱用于帮助食物银行的故事。
51．细节理解题。根据“It was Wednesday yesterday, and it took a few hours to send all of the cans (罐) that they saved to the recycling (回收) center.”可知，马克和托尼周三把攒的罐子送到回收中心。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据“It was a hot day. Mark and Tony were glad because they could relax today. It was Wednesday yesterday”以及“‘Hi, kids! Nice to see you,’ Mr. Thomas seemed pleased. ‘I’m on my way to help at the food bank.’”可知，昨天是周三，今天他们遇到托马斯先生时，托马斯先生正要去食物银行，所以是周四。故选C。
53．词句猜测题。根据“‘Hi, kids! Nice to see you,’ Mr. Thomas seemed pleased.”可知，托马斯先生见到孩子们时说很高兴见到他们，所以“pleased”的意思是“高兴的”，与“Happy”意思相近。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“As they walked, Mark found a can and picked it up without thinking about it.”，“‘Old habits die hard! Maybe we should buy more rubbish (垃圾) bags.’ Tony said.”，“Mark and Tony still laughed about picking up cans until they met Mr. Thomas.”，和“‘Can we come with you, Mr. Thomas ’ Tony asked. ‘I think we just found out what to do with our recycling money.’”可知，马克不假思索地又捡起了一个罐子；托尼认为他们应该买更多的垃圾袋；男孩们遇到了要去食物银行帮忙的托马斯先生；男孩们知道了如何花他们的回收钱。所以正确的顺序是②①④③。故选D。
55．推理判断题。根据前文提到食物银行帮助那些没有足够钱买食物的人，以及男孩们说“I think we just found out what to do with our recycling money.”可推测，故事的结尾可能是男孩们用回收所得的钱为穷人买食物。故选C。
56．C 57．A 58．F 59．E 60．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了汤姆因为沉迷手机游戏而浪费时间，后来通过一副特殊的眼镜意识到这一点，并决定改变的故事。
56．根据上文“He played mobile phone games at least 5 hours every day.”可知，汤姆每天至少玩5个小时的手机游戏，由此推知，他不喜欢学习或锻炼，选项C“他不喜欢学习或锻炼。”符合语境。故选C。
57．根据下文“When he looked at his parents, he also saw the flowers.”可知，当他看他的父母时，他也看到了花，由此推知，此处指不只是他的哥哥头上有花，选项A“而且不只是他哥哥。”符合语境。故选A。
58．根据下文“He saw the flowers, too.”可知，他也看到了花，由此推知，此处指他看向自己，选项F“然后他看着镜子里的自己。”符合语境。故选F。
59．根据上文“But his flowers were going into the mouth of the mobile phone. Its mouth was big.”可知，他的花正在进入手机的嘴里，手机的嘴很大，由此推知，此处指他的花越来越少，选项E“他的花越来越少了。”符合语境。故选E。
60．根据上文“At last, he learned that playing mobile phone games was a waste (浪费) of time.”可知，最后，他了解到玩手机游戏是浪费时间，由此推知，此处指他什么也学不到，选项B“他什么也学不到。”符合语境。故选B。
61．has taken 62．appear 63．When 64．their 65．activities 66．smaller 67．solve 68．lucky 69．promise 70．hobby
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了湖北宜昌年过六旬的杨和六年来拍摄了约十万张江豚的照片，他回忆年少时江豚数量众多，后因人类活动致其数量减少，而随着问题得到解决江豚重现，他也承诺会一直用镜头展现江豚的美，这也是他一生的爱好，并期盼长江里的江豚能越来越多。
61．句意：在过去的六年里，他拍摄了大约10万张这种动物的照片。根据“About one hundred thousand photos”并结合备选词汇可知，take photos“拍照”，符合语境，由“for the past six years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构是“have/has + done”，而主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has taken。
62．句意：他在那里等几个小时，等着江豚从水里出现。根据“from the water”并结合备选词汇可知，动词appear“出现”，符合语境，由动词不定式符号“to”可知，此处应用动词原形，故填appear。
63．句意：当我还是个青少年的时候，我能看到很多江豚。根据“I was a teenager”并结合备选词汇可知，when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境，位于句首首字母需要大写，故填When。
64．句意：我经常能看到它们沿着河行进。根据“make...way along the river”并结合备选词汇可知，make one’s way“行进”符合语境，所以此处应填they“它们”的形容词性物主代词，故填their。
65．句意：但是由于人类的活动，这条河被严重污染了。根据“the river was polluted seriously”并结合备选词汇可知，污染是因为人类的活动，activity“活动”，符合语境，是可数名词，此处表多种活动，应用其复数形式，故填activities。
66．句意：江豚的数量也比几年前少了。根据“the river was polluted seriously”和“than years ago”并结合备选词汇可知，small“少的”，表示数量减少，符合语境，由“than”可知，此处应用其比较级形式，故填smaller。
67．句意：后来，人们做了很多事情来解决这个问题。根据“this problem”并结合备选词汇可知，动词solve“解决”，符合语境，由动词不定式符号“to”可知，此处应用用动词原形，故填solve。
68．句意：2017年，杨很幸运，在长时间的等待后拍到了一张江豚的照片。此处应用形容词作表语，根据“to take a photo of a finless porpoise after a long time’s waiting”并结合备选词汇可知，形容词lucky“幸运的”，符合语境，故填lucky。
69．句意：我承诺，只要我还能拿相机，我就会展示它们的美。此处应填动词作谓语，根据“I will show their beauty as long as I am able to carry a camera”并结合备选词汇可知，promise“承诺”，符合语境，由语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，而主语I为第一人称，所以此处应用其原形，故填promise。
70．句意：这是我一生的爱好。此处应用名词，根据“during my life”并结合备选词汇可知，名词hobby“爱好”，符合语境，故填hobby。
71．job 72．We should avoid using plastic/Don’t use plastic/Stopping pollution/Picking up rubbish/Taking kids out to pick up rubbish near their school/… (拒绝塑料，减少污染，捡垃圾三个方面选任意一个或者两个，但是语法正确，不超过词数) 73． make films and write/(to) do my job/with my job/with my work/(to) do my work/(to) work/… I want to find out about 74．Some good things seem easy but are hard to do./Some helpful things look easy but are difficult in practice./We need to try our best although it seems easy to do. (言之有理即可，答案不唯一)
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者受儿时偶像影响，选择学习地球科学并从事科学报道工作，以及作者对如何帮助自然和学校教育的看法。
71．根据第一段中“His films were amazing, and made me choose a job like his.”可知，Steve Irwin的电影让作者选择了一份像他一样的工作，即作者选择了自己的职业。故填job。
72．根据第四段内容以及第五段中“I’d like more schools to do some activities, for example, taking kids out to pick up rubbish near their school, to make the world safer for them.”可知，人们帮助自然的简单方法有：拒绝使用塑料，减少污染，捡垃圾，带孩子们去学校附近捡垃圾等。故填We should avoid using plastic/Don’t use plastic/Stopping pollution/Picking up rubbish/Taking kids out to pick up rubbish near their school/…(拒绝塑料，减少污染，捡垃圾三个方面选任意一个或者两个，但是语法正确，不超过词数)
73．根据第二段“When I said I wanted to study Earth Science at university…I make films and write about science and nature.”可知，在大学学习地球科学有助于作者制作电影，写关于科学和自然的文章，即做作者的工作，故第一空填make films and write/(to) do my job/with my job/with my work/(to) do my work/(to) work…；根据第三段中“I write about things I want to find out about.”可知，作者在网上写自己想要了解的事情，故第二空填I want to find out about。故填make films and write/(to) do my job/with my job/with my work/(to) do my work/(to) work/…；I want to find out about。
74．根据第四段内容可知，有些看起来简单的事情，比如拒绝使用塑料袋，实际上做起来很难，因为超市只卖用塑料袋装的水果，所以作者不能不用塑料袋。因此，这句话可以理解为：有些好事看起来容易，做起来难。/有些有用的事情看起来容易，但实践起来很难。/尽管有些事情看起来容易做，但我们还是要尽力而为。故填Some good things seem easy but are hard to do./Some helpful things look easy but are difficult in practice./We need to try our best although it seems easy to do.（言之有理即可，答案不唯一）
75．范文：
Dear Mike,
How are you Winter vacation is coming. Now let me tell you something about my plans.
For study, I will read some interesting books, especially in English. I also plan to finish my homework early so I can have more free time. For entertainment, I’m going to take a trip to the mountains with my family. We will enjoy the snow and fresh air. My New Year’s resolution is to get lots of exercise. I want to play basketball or run every day to keep healthy. I think this vacation will be both relaxing and meaningful.
What are you going to do on winter vacation Please write to me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封书信作文；
②时态：主要使用一般将来时；
③提示：需围绕学习计划、娱乐计划和新一年决心三个方面展开，涵盖图片信息，语言流畅，结构完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，问候并引出假期话题；
第二步，分三部分介绍假期计划（学习计划、娱乐计划、新年决心）；
第三步，总结对假期的期待并询问对方的计划；
第四步，书信结尾。
[亮点词汇]
①winter vacation寒假
②take a trip去旅行
③New Year’s resolution新年决心
④keep healthy保持健康
[高分句型]
①I want to play basketball or run every day to keep healthy. (不定式作目的状语)
②I think this vacation will be both relaxing and meaningful. (宾语从句，both...and...结构)
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