Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

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Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 词汇、短语和句型背记 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

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Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 词汇、短语和句型背记
一、核心词汇
英文单词 音标 中文释义 词性 备注(常见搭配/例句提示)
landscape / l ndske p/ 风景;地貌 n. 搭配natural landscape(自然景观)、mountain landscape(山地景观),例:The Danxia landform is a unique natural landscape.(丹霞地貌是独特的自然景观)
ocean / n/ 海洋 n. 搭配the Pacific Ocean(太平洋)、ocean waves(海浪),例:Oceans cover more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface.(海洋覆盖了地球表面三分之二以上的面积)
desert / dez t/ 沙漠;荒漠 n. 搭配hot desert(热沙漠)、cold desert(寒漠),例:The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world.(撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的热沙漠)
forest / f r st/ 森林 n. 搭配rainforest(雨林)、coniferous forest(针叶林),例:Forests produce oxygen for humans and animals to breathe.(森林为人类和动物制造氧气供呼吸)
mountain / ma nt n/ 山;山脉 n. 搭配snow mountain(雪山)、mountain range(山脉),例:The Himalayas are the highest mountain range in the world.(喜马拉雅山脉是世界上最高的山脉)
river / r v (r)/ 河;江 n. 搭配freshwater river(淡水河)、river basin(流域),例:The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.(长江是中国最长的河流)
plain /ple n/ 平原 n. 搭配grassland plain(草原平原)、river plain(河漫滩平原),例:Plains are open and flat, good for farming.(平原开阔平坦,适合耕种)
rock /r k/ 岩石 n. 搭配stone rock(石块)、rock formation(岩层),例:Mountains are usually covered with rocks and soil.(山脉通常覆盖着岩石和土壤)
sand /s nd/ 沙;沙子 n. 搭配sand dune(沙丘)、sandy beach(沙滩),例:Deserts are mostly made of sand.(沙漠主要由沙子构成)
surface / s f s/ 表面;表层 n. 搭配earth’s surface(地球表面)、water surface(水面),例:The ocean’s surface shimmers in the sunlight.(海洋表面在阳光下闪闪发光)
flood /fl d/ 洪水;泛滥 n./v. 搭配flash flood(山洪)、flooded area(淹没区),例:Heavy rain caused a flood in the low-lying area.(暴雨导致低洼地区发生洪水)
survive /s va v/ 生存;存活 v. 搭配survive in harsh conditions(在恶劣环境中生存),例:A few plants and animals can survive in the desert.(少数动植物能在沙漠中生存)
condition /k n d n/ 环境;条件 n.(复数常表“环境”) 搭配living conditions(生活环境)、difficult conditions(恶劣条件),例:The living conditions in the desert are very tough.(沙漠中的生存环境十分艰苦)
produce /pr dju s/ 产生;生产 v. 搭配produce oxygen(产生氧气)、produce crops(种植庄稼),例:Trees produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide.(树木产生氧气并吸收二氧化碳)
breathe /bri / 呼吸 v. 搭配breathe fresh air(呼吸新鲜空气),例:We can breathe clean air in the forest.(我们能在森林里呼吸洁净的空气)
powerful / pa fl/ 强大的;有力量的 adj. 搭配powerful river(湍急的河流)、powerful wind(强风),例:The river is powerful when it floods.(河流泛滥时威力巨大)
destroy /d str / 破坏;摧毁 v. 搭配destroy homes(摧毁房屋)、destroy nature(破坏自然),例:Floods can destroy crops and homes.(洪水会摧毁庄稼和房屋)
fresh /fre / 新鲜的;淡的 adj. 搭配fresh water(淡水)、fresh air(新鲜空气),例:Rivers provide fresh water for drinking and farming.(河流为饮用和耕种提供淡水)
huge /hju d / 巨大的;庞大的 adj. 搭配huge ocean(浩瀚的海洋)、huge mountain(巍峨的山脉),例:The ocean is a huge home for marine life.(海洋是海洋生物的巨大家园)
planet / pl n t/ 行星 n. 搭配the Blue Planet(蓝色星球,指地球),例:People call the earth the “Blue Planet” because of oceans.(因为海洋,人们称地球为“蓝色星球”)
arctic / ɑ kt k/ 北极的;北极区的 adj. 搭配Arctic char(北极红点鲑)、Arctic landscape(北极景观),例:Arctic animals can survive in extremely cold weather.(北极动物能在极寒天气中生存)
rainfall / re nf l/ 降雨;降雨量 n. 搭配heavy rainfall(暴雨)、little rainfall(少雨),例:Deserts have very little rainfall all year round.(沙漠全年降雨量极少)
valley / v li/ 山谷;溪谷 n. 搭配mountain valley(山谷)、river valley(河谷),例:The valley is surrounded by green mountains.(山谷被青山环绕)
二、重点短语
英文短语 中文释义 搭配/例句
the beauty of the natural world 自然世界的美 We should appreciate the beauty of the natural world.(我们应该欣赏自然世界的美)
places of interest 名胜古迹 There are many places of interest with amazing landscapes.(有许多拥有迷人景观的名胜古迹)
cover ... of the earth’s surface 覆盖地球表面的…… Oceans cover more than two-thirds of the earth’s surface.(海洋覆盖地球表面三分之二以上的面积)
be home to 是……的家园 The ocean is home to hundreds of thousands of living things.(海洋是数十万生物的家园)
produce oxygen 产生氧气 Forests produce oxygen and help clean the air.(森林产生氧气并帮助净化空气)
in different seasons 在不同季节 Forests wear different colours in different seasons.(森林在不同季节呈现不同颜色)
harsh living conditions 恶劣的生存环境 Few animals can adapt to harsh living conditions in deserts.(很少有动物能适应沙漠的恶劣生存环境)
fresh water 淡水 Most living things can’t live without fresh water.(大多数生物没有淡水就无法生存)
flood the area 淹没该地区 Heavy rain may flood the low-lying area.(暴雨可能会淹没低洼地区)
get along well with nature 与自然和谐相处 Humans should learn to get along well with nature.(人类应该学会与自然和谐相处)
natural wonder 自然奇观 The Danxia landform is a famous natural wonder in China.(丹霞地貌是中国著名的自然奇观)
sand dunes 沙丘 We can see many sand dunes in the Sahara Desert.(我们能在撒哈拉沙漠看到许多沙丘)
river basin 流域 The Yangtze River basin is home to many rare animals.(长江流域是许多珍稀动物的家园)
snow-capped mountains 雪山 Snow-capped mountains look beautiful in sunlight.(雪山在阳光下十分美丽)
take millions of years to form 经过数百万年形成 The Yadan landform took millions of years to form.(雅丹地貌经过数百万年才形成)
三、核心句型
句型结构 中文释义 例句 备注(用法说明)
描述景观构成:… is mostly made of … ……主要由……构成。 The desert is mostly made of sand.(沙漠主要由沙子构成) 后接构成景观的核心物质,如sand/rock/trees等
表达景观功能:… provide … for … ……为……提供……。 Rivers provide fresh water for humans and animals.(河流为人类和动物提供淡水) 用于说明景观对生物的作用,provide后接提供的事物
描述景观特征:… is famous for … ……因……而闻名。 Mount Huangshan is famous for its strange rocks and pine trees.(黄山以奇松怪石而闻名) 后接景观的独特亮点,如地貌、植被、景色等
表达生存环境:… can survive in … ……能在……中生存。 Some plants can survive in dry deserts.(一些植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存) 用于说明生物对景观环境的适应性
用感叹句赞美景物(what):What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 多么……的……啊! What a beautiful landscape!(多么美丽的景观啊!)/ What amazing mountains they are!(多么巍峨的山脉啊!) 名词为可数单数时加a/an,复数或不可数名词不加
用感叹句赞美景物(how):How + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! ……多么……啊! How wonderful the ocean is!(海洋多么浩瀚啊!)/ How beautifully the river runs!(河流流淌得多么欢快啊!) 后接形容词或副词,强调事物的特征或动作状态
介绍景观位置:… is in the … of … ……位于……的……方位。 The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa.(撒哈拉沙漠位于非洲北部) 方位词用north/south/east/west等
表达对自然的感受:I feel … when I … 当我……时,我感到……。 I feel peaceful when I walk in the forest.(当我在森林中漫步时,我感到宁静) 用于抒发接触自然景观时的情感
四、语法拓展:不定代词与what/how引导的感叹句(单元核心考点)
1. 不定代词(somebody/someone/something等)
类型 核心用法 单元例句 易错点提示
somebody/someone 某人(表肯定,用于肯定句;表请求/期待肯定回答时可用于疑问句) There’s someone sitting by the lake.(湖边坐着一个人)/ Would you like someone to help you (需要有人帮你吗?) 作主语时谓语动词用单数,不可接of短语
something 某物/某事(用法同somebody) There’s something interesting in the forest.(森林里有有趣的东西)/ Do you want something to drink (你想喝点什么吗?) 形容词需后置(something interesting,而非interesting something)
anybody/anyone 任何人(表否定/疑问;表“无论谁”可用于肯定句) Is there anyone in the desert (沙漠里有人吗?)/ Anyone can enjoy the beauty of nature.(任何人都能欣赏自然之美) 否定句中代替somebody,无肯定含义
anything 任何事物(用法同anybody) I can’t see anything in the dark cave.(我在黑暗的洞穴里什么也看不见)/ Anything is possible in nature.(自然界中一切皆有可能) 形容词后置(anything special,而非special anything)
everybody/everyone 每个人(用于各种句式,表全部) Everyone likes beautiful landscapes.(每个人都喜欢美丽的景观)/ Is everybody here to visit the mountain (所有人都来参观这座山了吗?) 视为单数,谓语动词用单数,反义疑问句用they/them
everything 一切事物(用法同everybody) Everything in the forest is full of life.(森林里的一切都充满生机)/ Everything is ready for the landscape tour.(景观游览的一切都准备好了) 不可数,无复数形式
nobody/no one 没有人(表否定,相当于not anybody) Nobody lives in the desert permanently.(没有人在沙漠中永久居住)/ No one wants to destroy nature.(没有人想破坏自然) no one分开写,后不接of短语;nobody可接of短语(nobody of them)
nothing 没有事物(表否定,相当于not anything) There’s nothing but sand in the desert.(沙漠里除了沙子什么都没有)/ Nothing is more beautiful than nature.(没有什么比自然更美丽) 形容词后置(nothing important,而非important nothing)
2. what/how引导的感叹句
结构类型 核心规则 单元例句 易错点提示
what + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 用于修饰单数可数名词,形容词以辅音音素开头用a,元音音素开头用an What a huge ocean it is!(多么浩瀚的海洋啊!)/ What an amazing landscape!(多么迷人的景观啊!) 不可漏加a/an(错误:What beautiful mountain!×→What a beautiful mountain!√)
what + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 修饰复数名词或不可数名词,不加a/an What wonderful forests they are!(多么美丽的森林啊!)/ What fresh air it is!(多么新鲜的空气啊!) 不可数名词(如air/water)前不加a/an(错误:What a fresh air!×→What fresh air!√)
how + 形容词/副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! 修饰形容词或副词,后接完整的主谓结构 How powerful the river is!(这条河多么湍急啊!)/ How beautifully the birds sing in the forest!(森林里的鸟儿唱得多么动听啊!) 不可直接接名词(错误:How beautiful landscape!×→How beautiful the landscape is!√ 或 What a beautiful landscape!√)
省略形式 口语中可省略主语和谓语,直接用“what + 名词短语”或“how + 形容词/副词” What a great view!(多美的景色啊!)/ How amazing!(太令人惊叹了!) 省略后仍需符合结构规则(错误:How a surprise!×→What a surprise!√)

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