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Unit2 Healthy Lifestyle 知识清单
一、 核心词汇
1. 习惯与行为核心
habit n. 习惯 → habitual adj. 习惯性的
routine n. 常规，惯例 / adj. 常规的
addict n. 成瘾者 → addicted adj. 上瘾的 → addiction n. 成瘾
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
behaviour / behavior n. 行为 → behave v.
tendency n. 倾向，趋势
willpower n. 意志力
selfdiscipline n. 自律 → disciplined adj.
selfcontrol n. 自我控制
2. 具体问题与挑战
procrastinate v. 拖延 → procrastination n.
stress n./v. 压力 → stressful adj.
anxiety n. 焦虑 → anxious adj.
pressure n. 压力
temptation n. 诱惑
distraction n. 使人分心的事物
lack n./v. 缺乏，不足
symptom n. 症状
3. 解决方案与积极行动
overcome v. 克服
resist v. 抵制，抵抗 → resistance n.
avoid v. 避免
quit v. 停止，戒除
reduce v. 减少
manage v. 管理；设法做到 → management n.
set (a goal) v. 设定（目标）
achieve v. 达到，实现 → achievement n.
maintain v. 维持
improve v. 改善 → improvement n.
replace v. 取代
concentrate v. 集中注意力 → concentration n.
focus v./n. 集中（注意力）
perseverance n. 毅力 → persevere v.
4. 身心健康要素
balanced adj. 均衡的 → balanced diet 均衡饮食
nutrition n. 营养 → nutritious adj.
physical adj. 身体的 ←→ mental adj. 精神的，心理的
fitness n. 健康 → keep fit 保持健康
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
positive adj. 积极的 ←→ negative adj. 消极的
outlook n. 观点，看法 → positive outlook 积极心态
二、 高考高频词性变换与用法精析
1. addict
形容词：addicted (上瘾的) → be/become addicted to (对...上瘾，to为介词)
形容词：addictive (使人上瘾的) → addictive games
名词：addiction (瘾，沉迷)
2. habit (n.)
形容词：habitual (习惯性的)
动词：form/develop/cultivate a habit (养成习惯)
动词：break/get rid of/kick a habit (戒除习惯)
3. behave (v.)
名词：behaviour (行为，不可数)
形容词：well-behaved (行为端正的)， badly-behaved
4. manage (v.)
名词：management (管理)
形容词：manageable (可管理的)
动词短语：manage to do (设法做成某事，强调成功)
5. anxious (adj.)
名词：anxiety (焦虑)
副词：anxiously
搭配：be anxious about (为...焦虑)
6. achieve (v.)
名词：achievement (成就)
形容词：achievable (可实现的)
三、 重点短语与固定搭配
A. 描述问题与挑战
1. be addicted to 对...上瘾
2. suffer from 遭受（痛苦、疾病等）
3. be under pressure 承受压力
4. be stressed out 压力过大，筋疲力尽
5. give in to temptation 屈服于诱惑
6. put off 推迟，拖延 (= procrastinate)
7. lack of 缺乏
8. have difficulty (in) doing 做...有困难
9. lead to 导致
10. result in 导致
B. 提出解决方案与行动
1. set a goal 设定目标
2. make a plan 制定计划
3. stick to 坚持（计划、原则等）
4. keep it up 坚持下去
5. take action 采取行动
6. focus/concentrate on 专注于
7. break a habit 改掉习惯
8. replace...with... 用...替代...
9. cut down on 减少...的量
10. build up 逐渐建立，增强（体力、习惯）
C. 表达态度与心理
1. make up one’s mind 下定决心
2. be determined to do 决心做某事
3. stay positive/optimistic 保持积极/乐观
4. believe in oneself 相信自己
5. take it easy 别紧张，放松
6. in the long run/term 从长远来看
7. step by step 逐步地
8. It’s never too late to... ...永远不晚。
D. 身体与健康维护
1. work out / exercise 锻炼
2. stay/keep fit 保持健康
3. eat a balanced diet 均衡饮食
4. get enough sleep 保证充足睡眠
5. relax oneself 放松自己
6. in good/bad shape 身体状况好/差
四、 重点句型与语法结构
1. 动名词作主语和宾语
写作提分句：Procrastinating only leads to more stress and last-minute panic.
考点：表示一般性、习惯性的行为时，动名词作主语比不定式更常见。同时，在 avoid, quit, resist, consider 等动词后，必须接动名词作宾语。
2. “It is + adj. + (for sb.) + to do...” 与 “It is + adj. + that...”
写作提分句：It is crucial for students to develop good study habits.
写作提分句：It is a fact that lifestyle choices greatly affect our health.
功能：用于提出建议或陈述普遍事实，使表达客观、正式。
3. 条件状语从句（主将从现/主情从现）
写作提分句：If you want to break a bad habit, you must first identify its trigger.
高考重点：在谈论一般性的建议或科学道理时，主句常用情态动词（must, should, can），从句用一般现在时。
4. “not... until...” 结构
写作提分句：Many people do not realize the importance of health until they lose it.
功能：强调时间节点，可用于论述中增强说服力。注意在语法填空中，若“not until”置于句首，主句需部分倒装。
5. “so... that...” / “such... that...” 引导的结果状语从句
写作提分句：Social media can be so addictive that it interferes with our reallife responsibilities.
写作提分句：It is such a common problem that many people struggle with it.
考点：区分 so（后接形容词/副词）和 such（后接名词短语）。
6. 强调句型 “It is/was... that/who...”
写作提分句：It is self-discipline that ultimately determines whether we can achieve our goals.
五、 主题写作与论述框架
1. 关于“如何克服拖延症”的建议文框架
问题阐述：Procrastination, the thief of time, is a common challenge that undermines our efficiency and increases anxiety.
具体建议：
Firstly, break tasks down into smaller, manageable steps to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
Secondly, set clear deadlines and use tools like to-do lists to track your progress.
Most importantly, eliminate distractions (e.g., putting your phone away) and reward yourself upon completion of each step.
鼓励结尾：Remember, action is the antidote to procrastination. Start small, and you’ll build momentum towards greater productivity.
2. 论述“健康生活方式的重要性”（议论文框架）
论点句：Adopting a healthy lifestyle is not a mere choice but a fundamental responsibility we owe to ourselves.
论据1 (身体健康)：Physically, regular exercise and a balanced diet strengthen our immune system, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and boost our energy levels, enabling us to tackle daily challenges more effectively.
论据2 (心理健康)：Mentally, good habits like adequate sleep and stress management improve concentration, enhance mood, and build resilience against anxiety and depression.
论据3 (长远效益)：In the long run, a healthy lifestyle leads to a higher quality of life, greater longevity, and sets a positive example for those around us.
结论：Therefore, investing time and effort into cultivating a healthy lifestyle yields invaluable dividends for both our present and future well-being.
3. 经典作文开头/结尾句
开头：In today’s fast-paced world, where temptations abound and stress is commonplace, the conscious cultivation of a healthy lifestyle has become more critical than ever for our holistic well-being.
结尾：Ultimately, a healthy lifestyle is a continuous journey, not a destination. By making conscious choices each day, we are not just adding years to our life, but more importantly, adding life to our years.
六、 高考考点提要与易错点
1. 易混动词辨析：
affect (v. 影响，使…发生变化) vs. effect (n. 效果，影响)
rise (vi. 上升) vs. raise (vt. 举起；提高)
lie (vi. 躺；位于；说谎，过去式多变) vs. lay (vt. 放置，过去式 laid)
2. 动词搭配易错点：
succeed in doing 成功做某事；success in (doing) sth.
look forward to doing (期待) 中的 to 是介词。
be used to doing (习惯于) vs. used to do (过去常常)。
stick to (坚持) 中的to是介词，后接名词或动名词。
3. 名词的可数与不可数：
advice, information, progress, equipment 均为不可数名词。
behaviour 通常作不可数名词。
pressure 作“压力”讲时通常不可数；作“压强”时可数。
4. 写作升级建议：
用 It goes without saying that... (不言而喻的是…) 替代 “Everyone knows...”。
表达“重要”时，用 play a vital/crucial/indispensable role 或 be of great significance 等。
在提建议时，用多样化的情态动词：It is advisable to..., One effective approach is to..., A practical tip would be to...。

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