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Unit1 Science Fiction 知识清单
一、 核心词汇
fiction n. 小说 → science fiction 科幻小说 artificial adj. 人工的 → artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
android / robot n. 机器人 cyber adj. 网络的，计算机的 cyberspace n. 网络空间
virtual adj. 虚拟的 → virtual reality (VR) 虚拟现实 simulate v. 模拟 → simulation n.
hologram n. 全息图 spaceship / spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船
galaxy n. 星系 universe n. 宇宙
parallel adj. 平行的 → parallel universe 平行宇宙 dimension n. 维度；方面
prophecy n. 预言 → prophesy v. → prophetic adj. predict v. 预测 → prediction n.
time travel n. 时间旅行 alien n. 外星人 / adj. 外星的；陌生的
extraterrestrial adj./n. 地球外的（生物） invasion n. 入侵 → invade v.
colony n. 殖民地；聚居地 → colonize v. utopia n. 乌托邦 → utopian adj. ←→ dystopia n. 反乌托邦
apocalypse n. 大灾难，末日 synthetic adj. 合成的，人造的
scientist n. 科学家 inventor n. 发明家
explorer n. 探险家 crew n. （飞船、太空站的）全体人员
civilization n. 文明 humanity n. 人类；人性
being n. 生物 → human being consciousness n. 意识
curiosity n. 好奇心 → curious adj. awe n. 敬畏 → be in awe of
dilemma n. （道德）困境 conflict n./v. 冲突
ethical adj. 伦理的 → ethics n. 伦理学 moral adj. 道德的 → morality n.
ambition n. 野心，抱负 → ambitious adj. obsession n. 痴迷 → be obsessed with
paranoia n. 多疑，偏执 evolve v. 进化 → evolution n.
transform v. 转变，变形 → transformation n. revolutionize v. 彻底改革
advance n./v. 前进，进展 → advanced adj. 先进的 breakthrough n. 突破
consequence n. 后果 impact n./v. 影响
二、 高考高频词性变换与用法精析
1. create (v.)
名词：creation (创造物/创造过程)， creativity (创造力)， creator (创造者)
形容词：creative (有创造力的)， creational (创造的)
2. simulate (v.)
名词：simulation (模拟)
形容词：simulated (模拟的)， simulative (模拟的)
易混：stimulate (刺激，激励)
3. predict (v.)
名词：prediction (预测)
形容词：predictable (可预测的)， predictive (预测性的)
4. evolve (v.)
名词：evolution (进化)
形容词：evolutionary (进化的)
注意：develop 指一般性发展，evolve 强调渐进、漫长的演变过程。
5. ethics (n.)
形容词：ethical (伦理的)
副词：ethically (伦理上)
注意：ethics 作“伦理学”讲时，单数；作“道德准则”讲时，常复数形式。
6. conscious (adj.)
名词：consciousness (意识)
反义词：unconscious
固定搭配：lose/regain consciousness 失去/恢复知觉
三、 重点短语与固定搭配
be set in 以…为背景（故事发生于…） travel through time/space 穿越时间/空间
come true （预言、梦想）实现 turn into / transform into 变成
be obsessed with 痴迷于 lose control of 失去对…的控制
take over 接管，占领 wake up to 醒来发现…；意识到…
in search of 寻找 on a mission to 肩负…的使命
be equipped with 装备有… be programmed to do 被设定程序去做…
make a breakthrough in 在…方面取得突破 have access to 有权使用；可以进入
lead to / result in 导致 pose a threat to 对…构成威胁
blur the line between 模糊…之间的界限 raise ethical questions 引发伦理问题
beyond one’s imagination 超乎想象 be in awe of 对…感到敬畏
be curious about 对…好奇 be confronted with 面临，面对
be torn between 在…之间难以抉择 have mixed feelings about 对…心情复杂
a sense of wonder 惊奇感 to one’s amazement/surprise 令某人惊讶的是
what if 如果…会怎样（用于提出科幻假设） as if / as though 好像，仿佛
little did someone know 某人全然不知（用于制造悬念） in other words 换句话说
more than just 不仅仅是
四、 重点句型与语法结构
1. 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用（If从句）
写作提分句：If we were to encounter an advanced alien civilization, how should we communicate with them
写作提分句：If he hadn’t invented the time machine, none of this would have happened.
2. “as if / as though” 引导的方式状语从句
写作提分句：The AI spoke as if it were a human, with emotion and hesitation.
3. 倒装句
否定词开头：Never before had humanity faced such an existential threat from its own creations.
Only+状语：Only by understanding the past can we hope to navigate the future.
地点状语开头：Beyond the distant stars lies a civilization far older than our own.
4. “what if” 引导的疑问句
写作提分句：What if everything we perceive as reality is merely an elaborate simulation
5. 过去分词作状语（表状态、背景）
写作提分句：Lost in the vast digital archive, he stumbled upon a prophecy hidden for centuries.
写作提分句：Equipped with only a rudimentary translator, the crew made first contact.
6. “It is… that…” 强调句型
写作提分句：It is not the technology itself, but how we use it that determines our future.
写作提分句：It was in the year 2154 that the first successful mind upload was achieved.
五、 高考考点提要与易错点
1. 易混词辨析：
fiction (虚构文学) vs. novel (长篇小说)
artificial (人工的，含“非自然”义) vs. synthetic (化学合成的)
effect (n. 效果) vs. affect (v. 影响)
historic (有历史意义的) vs. historical (与历史有关的)
2. 虚拟语气难点：
if 从句对现在/将来虚拟：从句用过去式 (be用were)，主句用 would/could/might do。
if 从句对过去虚拟：从句用 had done，主句用 would/could/might have done。
在 as if, wish, would rather 后的从句也常用虚拟语气。
3. 动词搭配易错点：
be equipped with (装备有) 用被动语态。
have access to 中的to是介词。
lead to / result in 中的to/in都是介词，后接名词或动名词。

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