资源简介

Unit3 Sea Exploration 知识清单
一、 核心词汇
exploration n. 探索 → explore v. → explorer n. navigation n. 航海；导航 → navigate v. → navigator n.
voyage n. （长途）航海，航行 expedition n. 远征；探险队
set sail (for) 起航（前往） discovery n. 发现 → discover v.
chart v. 绘制海图；制定计划 / n. 图表 circumnavigate v. 环航（世界）
conquer v. 征服 → conquest n. marine adj. 海洋的；海生的 → marine life 海洋生物
oceanic adj. 海洋的 current n. （水、气）流 → ocean current 洋流
tide n. 潮汐 wave n. 海浪
depths n. (pl.) 深处 → the ocean depths 海洋深处 trench n. 海沟 → the Mariana Trench 马里亚纳海沟
coastline / shore n. 海岸线 / 岸 continental shelf 大陆架
coral reef 珊瑚礁 vessel n. 船，舰；容器
submersible n. 潜水器 → manned/unmanned submersible 载人/无人潜水器 sonar n. 声呐
satellite n. 卫星 drilling platform / rig 钻井平台
buoy n. 浮标 diving suit / equipment 潜水服/设备
Remote-operated vehicle (ROV) 遥控潜水器 resource n. 资源 → marine resources 海洋资源
fishery n. 渔业；渔场 → overfishing n. 过度捕捞 aquaculture n. 水产养殖
offshore adj./adv. 离岸的（地）→ offshore oil drilling 海上石油钻探 shipping n. 航运；船舶（总称）
trade route 贸易路线 piracy n. 海盗行为
salvage v./n. （海上）打捞 ecosystem n. 生态系统
biodiversity n. 生物多样性 habitat n. 栖息地
endangered adj. 濒危的 conservation n. 保护 → conserve v.
pollution n. 污染 → pollute v. → marine pollution 海洋污染 contamination n. 污染 → contaminate v.
plastic debris / waste 塑料垃圾 sustainable adj. 可持续的 → sustainability n.
preserve v. 保护，保存 → preservation n.
二、 高考高频词性变换与用法精析
1. explore (v.)
名词：exploration (探索活动)， explorer (探索者)
形容词：exploratory (探索性的)
2. navigate (v.)
名词：navigation (航海/导航)， navigator (导航员/航海家)
形容词：navigable (可通航的)
3. deep (adj.)
名词：depth (深度) → the depths of the ocean 海洋深处
动词：deepen (加深)
副词：deeply (深深地)
4. diverse (adj.)
名词：diversity (多样性) → biodiversity 生物多样性
动词：diversify (使多样化)
5. sustain (v.)
形容词：sustainable (可持续的)， sustained (持续的)
名词：sustainability (可持续性)， sustenance (食物，生计)
6. contaminate (v.)
名词：contamination (污染)
形容词：contaminated (被污染的)
易混：pollute 为广义污染；contaminate 常指化学、放射性或生物污染，程度更重，强调“玷污”。
7. resource (n.)
形容词：resourceful (资源丰富的；足智多谋的)
注意：natural resources (自然资源) 常用复数。
三、 重点短语与固定搭配
set sail (from.../for...) (从…起航/起航前往…) embark on a voyage/expedition 开始一次航行/探险
chart a course 绘制航线；制定计划 plunge into the depths 潜入深处
navigate through 航行通过；成功应对（困难） make a discovery 做出发现
reach a destination 到达目的地 run into difficulties / encounter challenges 遇到困难/挑战
on board 在船（或飞机、车）上 in search of 寻找
be teeming with 充满（鱼、生物等），富饶 be home to 是…的栖息地/家园
play a vital/crucial role in 在…中起至关重要的作用 be rich in 富含，盛产
be vulnerable to 易受…伤害的 at the mercy of 受…支配，任凭…摆布（如风暴）
from coast to coast 从海岸到海岸，遍及全国 tap / exploit resources 开发资源
pose a threat to 对…构成威胁 lead to / result in 导致
deplete resources 耗尽资源 dispose of waste 处理垃圾
depend on / rely on 依赖于 give rise to 引起，导致
raise awareness 提高意识 take measures/action to do 采取措施做某事
impose a ban on 实施禁令 promote sustainability 促进可持续性
strike a balance between A and B 在A与B之间取得平衡 for the sake of 为了…（的利益）
in the long term/run 从长远来看
四、 重点句型与语法结构
1. 被动语态
写作提分句：The ocean floor is being mapped in unprecedented detail by autonomous underwater vehicles.
写作提分句：Vast areas of coral reefs have been destroyed by pollution and rising sea temperatures.
2. “It is estimated/believed/reported that...” 结构
写作提分句：It is estimated that over 80% of the ocean remains unexplored and unmapped.
写作提分句：It is widely believed that sustainable fisheries are key to food security for billions.
3. 非限制性定语从句
写作提分句：The Southern Ocean, which encircles Antarctica, plays a critical role in regulating global climate.
写作提分句：We rely on sonar technology, which allows us to “see” underwater by using sound waves.
4. “what” 引导的名词性从句
写作提分句：What lies beneath the waves may hold the keys to new medicines and technologies.
写作提分句：What we need now is not just exploration, but responsible stewardship.
5. “Only + 状语” 置于句首引起的部分倒装
写作提分句：Only through international cooperation can we effectively protect the high seas.
写作提分句：Only by understanding the ocean can we hope to heal it.
6. 现在分词作状语（表伴随、结果或方式）
写作提分句：The submersible descended slowly, revealing a landscape unlike any on Earth.
写作提分句：Using advanced sensors, scientists monitor ocean health in real time.
五、 高考考点提要与易错点
1. 易混词辨析：
voyage (长途航海) vs. journey (陆上长途旅行) vs. trip (短途或泛指旅行)
discover (发现已存在事物) vs. invent (发明新事物)
conserve (保护并节约使用) vs. preserve (保护原状) vs. protect (广义保护)
economic (经济的) vs. economical (节约的)
2. 动词搭配易错点：
depend/rely on 中的 on 是介词。
prevent/stop/protect... from doing 中的 from 不可省略。
be home to (是…的家园)，to是介词。
It is estimated that... 是固定句型，that不能省略。
3. 名词的可数与不可数：
equipment, furniture, information, advice 不可数。
marine life, wildlife 作为总称不可数。
fish 作“鱼肉”不可数；作“鱼的种类”可数 (fishes)；作“多条鱼”单复同形或 fishes。
4. 写作升级建议：
用具体动词替代“get”：用 obtain, acquire, extract (获取资源)。
表达“重要”时，用 be of paramount importance/critical significance 或 play an indispensable role。
描述数据趋势：用 There has been a dramatic increase in... 或 ...is on the rise/decline。
使用修辞：The ocean is not just a resource; it is the beating heart of our blue planet.

展开更多......

收起↑