资源简介 第一部分 语法专题突破专题十 (必考:每年1-2道) 知识导图 考 点 精 讲 分析近6年柳州真题可知,动词的时态均在单项选择中考查,选项设置上多为不同的时态。其中,一般现在时(均含有提示词:every day, every morning, often)和一般过去时(均由语境推断时态)各考查3次;一般将来时考查1次,含有时间提示词tomorrow。 英语中各种时态的使用频率不同,下面是初中阶段常考的六种时态。常考6种时态的构成与用法时态基本结构及时间标志词常见用法及例句一般现在时(6年3考)结构:主语+am/is/are主语+动词原形/动词单三形式1. 表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用。2. 表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。(注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。)3. 用在以if, unless, as soon as, when, once等引导的时间和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来时。4. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,但仅限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等动词。标志词:1. 频度副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, never2. 频率词组:once a year, twice a month, three times a day等3. 其他词组:in the morning, on Sundays, at weekends, every day/year…(every系列)一般过去时(6年3考)结构:主语+was/were主语+动词过去式1. 表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。如:We went to the City Library last week.2. 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,常与频度副词连用。如:When I was a child, I often played basketball in the street.标志词:1. ago及ago词组2. yesterday及yesterday词组3. last及last词组4. just now, in the past, in 1920等5. at the age of…, used to…6. one day, long long ago, once upon a time一般将来时(2014.39)结构:主语+will/shall/be going to+动词原形1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。2. be going to+动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的、很可能发生的事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事。3. “be about to +动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”结构,表示即将发生的动作。4. 用一般现在时表示将来的情况:①表示按规定或时间预计将要发生的动作。②当主句为一般将来时时,在if, as soon as, until, when 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。标志词:1. tomorrow, soon2. next week/month(next系列)3. in a week, in 2020, in+一段时间4. one day, in the(near)future现在进行时结构:主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如:—What are you doing?—I am reading English.2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。如:They are studying hard this term.3. go, leave, arrive, start等动词用现在进行时表示将来。如: I am going to Beijing this Sunday. 标志词:1. now, right now2. at present, at this time, at the/this moment3. these days4. when, while5. Look!Listen!过去进行时结构:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词1. 表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间内正在进行的动作,或用另一动作来表示过去的时间。如:—What were you doing at nine last night?—I was watching TV at that time.2. 过去进行时常和always 等频度副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作,此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。如: Alice was always changing her mind.标志词:1. then2. at that time, at ten yesterday, at this time yesterday3. when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句现在完成时结构:主语+has/have+动词的过去分词1. 表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2. 表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许还要持续下去,常和for, since连用,表示持续的动作或状态,多为延续性动词。3. 特殊用法:①have gone to已去某地(未回);have been to 曾去过某地(已回);have been in 仍在某地②短暂性动词(瞬间动词)可以用于完成时,但不能与延续性的for+一段时间和since+时间点连用,以及不能用于how long提问的疑问句中,常见的瞬间动词及其转换词组如下:borrow→have kept buy→have hadbegin/start→have been on stop→have been overopen→have been open close→have been closedleave→have been away from die→have been dead标志词1. already, ever, never, just, yet, still2. recently, lately, so far, up to/till now3. in the past/last three years/…4. since 1998, since+时间点5. for three years, for+一段时间【解题方法】针对此类试题,考生可以结合以下方法,并在复习过程中把握6种时态的构成与用法。方法一 慧眼识别标志词特定的时间状语往往标志着特定的时态,题目中已经明显给出了时间状语,只要考生牢记这些时间标志词所对应的时态,即可突破此类试题。【例】 My mother ________ a good example for me since I was young.A. was B. has been C. will be【点拨】①分析语境:自我年幼时起,我的母亲________我的一个好榜样。②分析选项:A项一般过去时;B项现在完成时;C项一般将来时。③识别标志词:根据时间标志词“since+时间点”可知用现在完成时,故选B。方法二 瞻前顾后定时态有些试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词,但是前后句中的动作存在明显的时间顺序,因此可根据前后句已有的时态来判断本句所要选用的时态。【例】 I heard a new song on the radio. I ________ high and low in the music store, but I can't find it.A. search B. am searching C. have searched【点拨】①分析句子,句中没有时间状语标志词,根据已有时态也不能完全确定答案;②根据句意:我在收音机里听了首新歌。我在音乐店到处搜寻,但是我找不到这首歌,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,所以用现在完成时,故选C。【应试策略】根据主从句时态呼应原则解题时,考生应注意以下三点:①“主将从现”原则。如果主句是一般将来时, 从句是由 when, before, until, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句以及由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句,谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时。②“时态一致”原则。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词也需用过去的某种时态。③在主从复合句中,如果主句和从句的谓语动词表示的两个动作都发生在过去,而且有明显的先后顺序,那么,延续性动词用过去进行时,短暂性动词用一般过去时。通常在when和while引导的时间状语从句中出现。方法三 细心体会辨语境在绝大多数情况下,动词的时态是由上下文的语境来决定的,这就要求考生一方面要熟记各种时态的适用范围,另一方面要注意上下文想表达什么样的语意。因此。如果一个英语句子中没有出现时间状语,则应该分析上下文已有的时态信息,然后再确定空格处的时态。【例】 When I was in primary school, the books ________ me to a wonderful world.A. brought B. are bringing C. have brought【点拨】①分析语境:当我在读小学时,那些书________ 我一个美妙的世界,②分析选项:A项一般过去时;B项现在进行时;C项现在完成时;③根据语境判断具体时态。句首“When I was in primary school...”暗示主体时态为一般过去时,所以此处应用一般过去时,故选A。综 合 提 升柳州6年真题(2014~2019)1. (2019柳州31题)I ________ to school on foot every day.A. go B. went C. has gone2. (2018柳州32题)I ________ up at 6:30 every morning.A. get B. got C. will get3. (2016柳州39题)I often ________ books in the evening. A. reads B. read C. reading4. (2014柳州39题)—What are you going to do tomorrow?—I________ visit my aunt.A. went to B. go to C. am going to5. (2018柳州24题)It has started to rain. It's wise that we ________ to the park. A. didn't go B. aren't going C. don't go6. (2017柳州40题)—Mr Smith isn't coming tonight.—But he________.A. promised B. promises C. will promise7. (2015柳州42题)—I ________ know you can play the piano so well.—Thank you.didn't B. don't C. can't 6年真题精选8. (2019梧州30题)My uncle________ in England since ten years ago.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived9. (2019桂林35题)He hasn't communicated much with his parents since he ________ a mobile phone last year.A. got B. get C. gets10. (2018桂林34题)Look! They ________ basketball on the playground.A. play B. plays C. are playing11. (2017桂林40题)Our science teacher said that light ________ much faster than sound.A. traveled B. travels C. travel 增补训练12. Listen! Mr.Black ________ a talk on robots in the hall.A. gives B. is giving C. will gave 13. Michael________ at a school in Yunnan Province from February to June next year.A. teach B. taught C. will teach14. They ________ about a show this time yesterday.A. were talking B. are talking C. have talked15. Her grandpa________ for many years. Now he is in good health.A. exercises B. has exercised C. exercised16. —The bread is really delicious.—Thank you. I ________ it myself just now.A. make B. am making C. made17. Gary is the best singer in my class. No one else ________ so well.A. sings B. sang C. is singing18. We hope to manage our own life because we ________ up.A. grew B. grow C. have grown19. I think if Julia helps with my English, I ________ my English a lot.A. will improve B. improve C. have improved 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览