广东省茂名市高州市初中英语完形填空解题技巧及练习(含答案)

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广东省茂名市高州市初中英语完形填空解题技巧及练习(含答案)

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完形填空解题技巧
解题步骤
1. 细读首句,预测主题
“完形填空” 所选短文一般无标题,但首句通常不设空,目的是让考生迅速进入主题,建立正确的思维导向。同时也不可忽视尾句前后呼应的作用。
2. 跳读全文,领会大意
要学会跳读技巧。借助首尾句所给启示,跳过空格,快速把短文从头到尾通读一遍,进一步从整体上理解短文大意。这是正确选择的基础,也是做题的关键。切忌急于求成,看一句填一空。若一开始就忙于填空,势必无法掌握文章中心,造成顾此失彼,错误百出的不良结果。这是因为完形填空主要考察对语境的理解,若是在没有弄清短文大意的情况下就去选择填空,可能会因备选项的干扰而偏离主题,一错到底。
3. 通读全文,试选答案
根据全文大意,以全文为背景,把所给四个选项分别套入空格所在的句子中试填,初步完形空格。试填选项时,一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫,要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系。在阅读全文时,不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词,具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下的特殊功能。
如:but, yet, however, whereas, while 等表示转折或对比;besides, moreover, what is more等表示信息增加; so, so that, therefore, as a result等表示推理结果。平时练习中要注意分辨这类词的细微差别,这样才有利于保证选项的准确性。要弄清空格处待填的是什么词、起何作用,同时也要注意习惯表达法,语法知识等,从而筛选出符合文意的选项。
4. 细读全文,推敲难题
有些空格在初步完形时就可以定局,可部分空格答案还不明朗。做到这一步,我们已能将短文中被挖去的词“复位”了一些,对语境的了解更清晰,更准确了。我们要充分利用这一有利条件,联系上下文意,根据常识,运用逻辑推理,结合语境和已选答案所提供的信息,对候选项再次进行仔细推敲,缜密考虑,选出最佳答案。若有些答案实在难以确定,可采用“排除法”,首先排除在语法或内容上明显不符合要求的答案,然后再比较、定夺。可按空格所在位置,从词语搭配、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析和语法结构等方面,耐心细致地逐项分析,以求对应。可先读所要填词的句子,复读上一句,兼顾下一句,即“瞻前顾后”,确保答案的准确无误

实用技巧
利用上下文语境填词
这些答案的选择,起关键作用的是上下文的关系,也就是说,对短文的整体理解非常重要。
1)Mrs. Black would ask me for my __1_. She wanted to know how I thought we should handle things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I know__2_ about stage design!
1. A.opinion B. impression C. information D. intention
2. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
答案:A,C
2)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very _____.
A. deep B. high C. cold D. warm
答案:A
3) Mrs O’Neill asked_____questions and she didn’t scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. more
答案:A
4) The words, so small, didn’t seem ____ enough to hold my new life.
A. good B. simple C. big D. proper
答案:C
5) It has been many years since I was last in London, __ I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and B. for C. but D. as
答案:C
6) If he did not know them, he would greet them with a few words about the weather,______ he did, he would ask about their family
and then B. and so
C. even if D but if
答案:D
7) They were clearly long-standing customers, and I _____ they must have stayed faithful to him _____ he had promised to sell good quality fruit. ------ he called every woman “madam” for a start,____ those who clearly were not, but---- 
6. A. wish B. insist C. declare D. suppose
7. A. when B. if C. because D. though
10. A. yet B. only C. just D. even
答案:D C D
8)Many Africans are very ( ) and so they can’t
afford to eat much meat.
A healthy B. poor C. rich D .weak
9) Many old people don’t have good ( ) .They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to the music.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
10)Travelling west, you set your clock( ) Traveling east, you set it ahead.
A. back B. forward C. ahead D.behind
答案:BCA
11)After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own. 36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress
37A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised
答案:DC
12)On a hot summer day in late August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront café on a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in 36 air. Crowded. Temper of both the tourists and waiters had risen to meet the situation. 
36. A. fresh  B. cool  C. still  D. thin
答案:C

利用关键词确定答案
往往直接或间接地提出或暗示我们所寻找的答案。
例1:Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his ____1____ and traveling.
1. A. time B. holiday C. sleep D. work
【分析和说明】本题较难。误选A的学生较多,很多学生认为他在国外旅游,因此认为他是玩得很愉快。选错的主要原因是没认真审题,只注重单句的意思,而没注意前句给出的提示。
【解答】事实上在此句中,前面提到过on business,而不是指他是纯粹的旅游,因此应该与work有关。正确答案为D。只有D项可以同时与traveling作enjoyed的宾语。
接着读下文:
Then, after returning to the United States from a _2___ trip to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR), Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on the trip, a change began to take place __ 3___ him. The material between his bones became weak.
2. A. boring B. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant
A. from B. around C. inside D. beside
【分析和说明】第2题:咋一看,A,B,D项都可选,如果第一句中学生认为是旅游玩得很愉快,那么选D项的就更多。句中说在此之后,Mr. Cousins got sick病倒了,这是关键的信息词。因此这是一个tiring trip;第3题:不认真看题,那么很容易选B,以为是他身边发生的事。跟第二题一样,读后句就知道,这里的a change只能是他身体内部的变化。因为文中提到The material between his bones became…。所以做题时要首尾兼顾,抓住主要信息。
【解答】第2,3题正确答案分别为B,C。

例2:An old lion ____ in its cave and pretended to be ill, when some animals came to visit it, the lion killed and ate them.
A.slept B. lay C. lying D. felt sick
【分析和说明】如果仅以“主语后面应该跟谓语动词”这一语法规则去分析,显然A,B和D都对。但是文中的“killed and ate them”说明狮子并未睡觉,而是在捕食或者伺机捕杀前来探望的动物,从而否定了A。通过“pretended to be ill”这一信息又证实了“狮子并未生病”这一事实,所以又否定了D。因此只有B为正确答案。lay虽表示“卧着”,却有“其大脑清醒”的含义,暗求着狮子随时会突然跃起,扑向靠近它的动物。【解答】答案为B。

根据词的固定搭配和句型来选择
英语语言结构包含着大量的固定搭配、习惯用语以及各种句型结构等。词的固定搭配,特别是动词的搭配题是完形填空测试的重点。这种情况命题方式常见的有两种:一是将固定搭配中的某个词删去,二是在原来的搭配结构中插入较长的文字结构,造成搭配关系的松散现象。

例1:It will not be ____ the teachers and the students meet again.
A. before long B. far away C. long before D. some long
【分析和说明】“before long”为固定搭配,很多学生认为这个答案是对的。但如果再仔细想想就会知道它是一个副词词组,在句中往往直接用作状语,而后不跟从句。所以做题时即使是固定搭配或短语,也不能死搬硬套,要具体情况具体分析。
【解答】在“long before”句式中,before为连词,可以在后面跟句子,long在此句中是表时间的一种说法。因此此句的正确答案为C。

1) One evening in early April, my mother told me to fill in at the snack bar 1 a worker who had the flu.---and I’m no good 5 money.
1. A. to B. for C. after D. over
5. A. of B. on C. about D. with
答案:B D fill in for 代替 be good with sth 擅于处理---- 与----关系好
2) It was 4 o’clock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clark was ____ tea at the time.
cooking B. making
C. burning D. serving
答案:A
3) Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_____so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of
答案:C help oneself to…是固定搭配,表示“自取,随便拿” ,符合语境。
4)I have to work late tonight. I doubt if I'll be able to ____ it on time.
A. reach B. keep C. take D. make
答案:D make it 做成某事
5) The happiest people don't necessarily have the best of everything; they just ____ the best of everything they have.
A. learn B. make C. favor D. try
答案:B make the best of 充分利用,好好珍惜
6) With her slow and clumsy reactions, she would surely ____ her team.
hold on B. hold out
C. hold over D. hold up
答案:D 坚持,不挂断;伸出;拖延;阻碍
7) My ____ raced back more than thirty years to the dark days of 1941.
A. minds 头脑 B. memories
C. thoughts D. brains  
答案:B
8)‘‘ Give me a hand,’’ he shouted_____ he got near the boat.
A. while B. till C. for D. as
答案:D 一边

用比较判断法来选择
有时,在一个段落中,前面的空只凭借一个句子的内容很难做出正确的判断,但是在后面的句子结构中也出现同样的语言结构,这种语言现象便是我们要找的比较信息部分。了解比较信息部分的结构,能帮助我们找到前面对应结构中等立存在的答案。

例1:Pagoda Street is a street like many others – not very __ 1___ , not very wide, ___ 2____ wide enough for two buses to pass. But it is a __3___ street all the same, particularly during the rush hour.
1. A clear B. clean C. far D. fresh
2. A. also B. even C. and D. only
3. A. famous B. useful C. busy D. free
【分析和说明】第1题:此句中说明了这个街跟许多其他的街道一样,这说明了街道的共同特征,不很“宽”当然也不是“很干净”。而不是A“清晰”或是C“远”,这两个不能说明大多街道的共性。第2题:根据上句中的“not very wide”及下句中的提示“wide enough for two buses to pass”,说明街道较狭窄,“仅能让两辆车通过”。第3题:此空前的 But表转折,虽说街道不宽,但…。它是一个“繁忙”的街道,且与下文的during the rush hour相对应。
【解答】根据文意,此3题答案分别为B,D,C。

例2:The ancient Greek thinker Diogenes said that there was only one good, namely(也就是), knowledge; and only one ___1___ , namely, __ 2 __.
1. A. better B. best C. nice D. evil
2. A. ignorance B. disbelief C. laziness D. death
【分析和说明】第1题:文中only one good为信息词,only限制了good,形成了“绝对关系”,所以后面的部分不会再出现good的同义词或近义词,那么空1 应选择与good相反的词。A,B,C项都是体现好的方面的词,只有D项符合,evil的意思为“邪恶的”,即使你不知道这个词的含义也可用排除法选出正确答案。第2题:跟在提出例证的转折词namely后面的词,其作用是说明前面的名词的,既然good是knowledge, 那么与之相对应的evil后的词应是与knowledge相对应的反义词ignorance(无知)。而disbelief为“不相信”, laziness为“懒惰”,death为“死亡”,都与原义不符。对比法在完形填空中往往是一种重要的解题方法,扩展词汇面,找出反义词,应用对比关系然后再排除是关键。
【解答】根据以上分析,这两题答案分别为D,A。

除了可以从相同的结构中比较外,还可以利用其他转折词的功能进行比较,常见的转折词有:though(虽然), at the same time(往往比较两个不同的动作), even so(尽管如此), instead(此外), on the contrary(恰恰相反), on the other hand(另一方面), similarly(同样), but, however(然而)等。在做完型填空时,利用这些词或词组的提示,我们可以判断它们与后面的词、句子的关系,这种关系或许是趋于向其他方面的转化,或许是与所描述的概念正好相反。如:A horse and a donkey, each bearing a burden, were being led by their master. The donkey asked the horse to take part of its burden, for it was very tired; ____ the horse refused.
A. but B. then C. and D. so
句中分号前所提供的信息是the donkey asked for help, 而分号后的句子说 the horse refused。这说明这两个句子的意思是相反的,存在转折关系,所以此空应选A。

从生活常识入手
了解生活常识,结合语境,确定相关答案。
1)I ___ the balloon to the wall.
A. placed B. tied
C. laid D. contributed
答案:B
2)(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the___ hospital.
A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest
答案:D 在这样的紧急情况下,人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医,因此答案为D。
3)The rail will expand(膨胀) when it gets ___.
A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry
答案:C 热胀冷缩原理
4) In the summer vacation of 1997 , I was fixed with a job . I worked as a(n) ( ) at Mr. Breen’s fruit shop.
A .operator B . assistant
C .waiter D. secretary
答案:B
5)The ring had been damaged in the great ( ) of the fire.
A. pile B.heat C. power D.pressure
答案:B
6)…the mother was holding their baby daughter, Ally. The little girl had some food stuck in her throat, and could hardly breathe. Mr. White drove them to 2 . The ambulance was running very fast along the road.
2. A. the best hospital B. the biggest hospital
C. the nearest hospital D. the Children’s Hospital
答案:C
7)And there on a well-made bed sat Amy, my new roommate, dressed neatly. Greeting me with a nod ,she said in a soft voice, “Hi, you must be Cori.” Then ,she 45 the music and looked over at my father. “And of course, you’re Mr. Faber,” she said….
45.A. turned on B. turned down
C. played D. enjoyed
答案:B
8)So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel ______ while I was at college.
A. came on B. came in
C. came out D. came back
答案:C
9) They spend millions of dollars yearly ______ newspapers and magazines…
A. in B. to C. on D. for
答案:C
10)The chance passed and I didn’t (1) it. I take the exam the next day and I won. I didn’t (2) to cheat , but I was still cheating anyhow.
1. A. take B. have C. lose D. find
2. A. remember B. learn C. mean D. pretend
答案:AC
11) Soon I heard a 41 like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.
41. A. sound B. cry C.voice D. shout
答案A
12) When the papers were ______ , she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. examined B. completed C. marked D. answered
答案C
13)It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics (题目) , “The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面条) ” caught my eye. The word “spaghetti” brought back the __36 of an evening at Uncle Alien‘ s in Belleville 37 all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat 38 spaghetti for supper.
36. A.Memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience
37. A. when B. where C. since D. after
38. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made
答案:AAB

根据逻辑分析法解题
1) It was taking up a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a choice ; stay in school 47 leave to work on my magazine.
47. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
答案:D
2) … and the officers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange 38 quite pleasant taste.
38. A. besides B. but C. and D. or
答案:B
3)I saw their bodies, but I couldn’t feel their souls 23 their souls belongedto the 24 .
23. A. because B. when C. until D. unless
24. A. home B. world C. Net D. Café
答案:CC

小练习1:
Born in America , I spoke English ,not Chinese , the language of my ancestors . When I was three, my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 . My mom believed I would learn 38 I was ready . But the 39 never came. On a Chinese New Year’s Eve , my uncle spoke to me in Chinese , but all I could do was 40 at him , confused , scratching my head . “ Still can’t speak Chinese?” He 41 me , “You can’t even buy a fish in Chinatown .” “Hey ,this is America , not China. I’ll get some 42 with or without Chinese.” I replied and turned to my mom for 43 .

“Remember to ask for fresh fish, Xin Xian Yu ,” she said ,handing over a $20 bill . I 44 the words, running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown. I found the fish 45 surrounded in a sea of customers. “I’d like to buy some fresh fish,” I shouted to the fishman. But he 46 my English words and turned to serve the next customer .The laugh of the people behind increased 47 their impatience.

My face turned 50 and I ran back home 51 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket. Should I laugh or cry? They’re Chinese. I should feel right at 52 . Instead , I was the joke . With every 48 , the breath of the dragons (龙) on my back grew stronger—my blood boiling— 49 me to cry out . “ Xian Sheng Yu , please.” “Very Xian Sheng ,” I repeated .The crowd burst into laughter . My face turned 50 and I ran back home 51 , except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my pocket.
Should I laugh or cry? They’re Chinese. I should feel right at 52 . Instead , I was the joke .
Sometimes, I laugh at my fish 53 , but , in the end, the joke is on 54 . Every laugh is a culture 55 ; every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away.

36. A. custom B.games C.characters D.language
37. A.ahead B.around C.along D.aside
38. A.when B.before C.unless D.until
39. A.success B.study C.time D.attempt
40. A.aim B.joke C.nod D.stare
41. A.cared about B.laughed at C.argued with D.asked after
42. A.right now B.from now C.at times D.in time
43. A.decision B.permission C.information D.preparation
44. A.repeated B.reviewed C.spelled D.kept
45. A.farm B.stand C.pond D.market
46. A.guessed B.forget C.doubted D.ignored
47. A.by B.as C.with D.from
48.A.second B.effort C.desire D.movement
49.A.forcing B.allowing C.persuading D.leading
50. A.bright B.blank C.pale D.red
51. A.open-mouthed B.tongue-tied C.empty-handed D.broken-hearted
52.A.service B.home C.risk D.root
53.A.trade B.deed C.challenge D.incident
54.A.it B.us C.me D.them
55.A.thrown B.lost C.divided D.reflected
答案:CDACD,BABAB,DCAAD,CADCA

小练习2:
On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to 36 and the subway system almost came to a stop.

Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were 37 to go home. Some battled to 38 a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the 39 bravely, walking miles to get to work. I 40 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most 41 had stopped. After making my way 42 crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was 43. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to 44the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 45. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switch back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like an forever, the train 46 my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was 47 through, exhausted and 48.

My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm,I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer 49 I received an email from Garth, my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and 50reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their 51 to their jobs. Thank you. Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that 52message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of 53can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic 54 had made me tied and upset. But Garth’s words immediately55me and put a smile back on my face.

36. A. break B. flood C. sink D. crash
37. A. forced B. refused C. adjusted D. gathered
38. A. order B. pay C. call D. search
39. A. climate B. scenery C. storm D. burden
40. A. used B. promised C. deserved D. happened
41. A. practice B. routine C. process D. service
42. A. to B. through C. over D. for
43. A. operating B. cycling C. turning D. rushing
44. A. check B. carry C. find D. board
45. A. street B. ground C. floor D. platform
46. A. paused B. crossed C. reached D. parked
47. A. wet B. weak C. sick D. hurt
48. A. ashamed B. discouragedC. surprised D. puzzled
49. A. while B. when C. where D. after
50. A. hardly B. casuallyC. absolutely D. eventually
51. A. devotion B. donationC. connection D. reaction
52. A. accurate B. urgentC. brief D. humorous
53. A. promise B.appreciationC. advice D. guidance
54. A. troubles B. signals C. rules D. signs
55. A. corrected B. supported C. amazed D. refreshed
答案:BACCD,DBADD,CABBD,ACBAB

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